How to type thumbs up on a keyboard. Features of punctuation marks on laptop keyboards

Working on something new culinary recipe or making angular calculations in simple text editor, like standard notepad, the user may encounter quite logical question: how to put, for example, a degree sign, which, apparently, is not included in the standard layout? To solve this issue, use special third party programs not necessary at all. The QWERTY layout hides several tricks that are not written about in the operating instructions.

Where did the rest of the symbols go?

The existing sequence of letters and numbers on the keyboard was invented at the end of the century before last and still remains almost unchanged. Over the years, humanity has not invented anything radically new in this area. The question arises: why not come up with a new layout that would include more values?

Obviously, it will be quite problematic to place everything special signs on a regular keyboard, given the huge number of them. However, to solve this problem, the developers came up with several simple ways, that allow expand the set printable characters. Who can benefit from this log?

• To the people those involved in programming. Standard layout provides a sufficient set for special languages ​​that are used in this area (|, \, &, etc.). However, the HTML programmer often requires additional values ​​that are not provided by regular keyboard(for example, © is an icon indicating Copyright).
• For employees office sector. Some computational operations or to indicate a special mathematical operation also require their own icon (± - plus/minus sign).
• Ordinary users. It is unlikely that there are people left who would not be interested in how to print a “heart” or a cheerful emoticon☺.

Working with special characters

HTML special characters are mostly used in the field of programming. To display them correctly, it is advisable to choose the following standard fonts, like Arial or Times New Roman. This typology includes arithmetic signs, currency symbols, markers, arrows, Greek alphabet, etc. To display desired icon, use the specialized codes given in the table. Please note that all combinations are written in lowercase.

Alt codes

Another way to type a special character is to use alt codes. This method does not require auxiliary systems. To use it, need to be clamped alt button on the keyboard and sequentially enter the special digital combination, which will insert the required icon into the text.

As an example, here are a few alt codes. Hold alt and enter:

• 8776 – approximately or approximately equal to (≈);
• 197 – cross (┼)
• 0134 – cross (†)
• 24, 25, 26, 27 – arrows up, down, right and left (,↓,→,←)
• 7 — Bold dot ( )
• 42 – Asterisk (*)
• 1, 2 – Emoticons (☺, ☻)
• 0216 – Diameter (Ø). Enters into English layout.
• 255 – Empty character (). Not to be confused with space.
• 0176, 248 – Degrees (°)
• 8381 and 01364 – Ruble sign (₽, Ք)
• 0128 and 0136 – Euro (€). The code depends on the layout - the first is for English, the second is for Russian
• 9742, 9743 – Telephone (☎, ☏)
• 10122 – 10131 – numbers from 1 to 10 in a black circle (➊ ​​– ➓)
• 10112 – 10121 – numbers from 1 to 10 in a white circle (➀ – ➉)
• 0177 – plus or minus (±)
• 8734 – infinity (∞)
• 960 – Pi icon (π)
• 0216 – crossed out O (Ø). In English layout

You can also use the table to find the desired value.

The Windows operating system provides a special built-in program with which you can display characters that are not on the keyboard. To find it on your device, follow any of the following instructions:

This program allows you to see everything hidden signs. In order to transfer a character into text, you just need to copy it, for example, using the clipboard or using a special “copy/paste” key combination.

Today we’ll talk about one remarkable feature that a fairly small number of PC users know about. This may come as a surprise, but I’ve already seen a lot, both for simple copying, which is performed using the combination keys Ctrl-C, people are expelled through excretions the desired fragment(usually words) with the mouse, then press the right key and select “copy”. Alternative option- copying via the button located on the toolbar.

How do you usually insert characters into text that are not explicitly listed on the keyboard? The “Symbol Table” program is called ( Win+R → charmap → Enter), there is a long and persistent search for the required symbol, which is added. There is perhaps only one downside to this solution - it takes too long to search. I don’t argue that sometimes you come across truly “unprintable characters”, but usually this is not required.

For recruitment Alt code you should hold down the Alt key (are you surprised?) and numeric keypad(the one on the right, behind the arrows), press the indicated numbers one by one, then release the Alt key. Problems may arise with shortened keyboards, which is typical for laptops. In this case, as a rule, you need to additionally clamp blue key Fn.

In the table below I tried to collect the most necessary symbols, supplemented by potentially useful ones. In addition to Alt codes, HTML mnemonics are also provided.

Mnemonics is a construction that encodes special characters in a certain way. Has the form: &designation; - ampersand+designator+semicolon.

There are contraindications for the arbitrary use of special characters from the table. It doesn't matter whether the symbol is printed "as is" or using mnemonics, it can only be displayed if it is presented in the font used. Otherwise, you will see a rectangle, a question mark, and something else indicating that there is no image for the specified symbol. Now this problem successfully solved thanks to plug-in fonts. But authors of texts must keep in mind that a Word document typed in the Calibri font will not always be fully displayed by a customer who uses a different operating system with its own set of pre-installed fonts. The “most useful symbols” can be considered safe, but problems can occur with fractions.

Explanations about the signatures “for ru” and “for en”. This is the current, active, input language. As a rule, the default switching is assigned to the Alt+Shift key combination.

Symbol	Alt+	Mnemonics	Name/purpose
Most useful symbols
-	0151	—	em dash (m-dash), for Russian the only correct spelling
«	0171	«	opening quote "herringbone"
»	0187	»	closing quotation mark "herringbone"
	0160		non-breaking space (words separated by such a space are always on the same line)
…	0133	…	ellipsis
„	0132	„	double bottom quote
“	0147	“	double left quote
”	0148	”	double right quote
‚	0130	‚	single lower quote
‘	0145	‘	single left quote
’	0146	’	single right quote
©	0169		copyright (copyright protection symbol)
™	0153	™	trademark
®	0174	®	trademark protection sign
–	0150	-	mid dash (n-dash)
"	34	"	programmer double quote
<	60	<	less sign
>	62	>	"more" sign
‘	39	"	regular single quote (located to the left of the Enter key)
&	38	&	ampersand
°	248 or 0176	°	degree sign
№	252 or 0185 (for ru)	№	number sign (Shift+3 in Russian layout)
√	251	√	Square root
·	250 0183	·	interpunct (point for dividing words in Latin writing)
¤	253 0164	¤	currency sign
€	0128 (for ru) 0136 (for en)	€	Euro symbol
¥	0165	¥	yen symbol
¢	0162	¢	cent symbol (American)
£	0163	£	pound symbol (British)
×	0215	×	multiplication sign
÷	0247	÷	division sign
−	-	−	minus sign (correct, not the same as minus hyphen)
+	43	+	plus sign
±	0177	±	plus or minus
¹	0185	¹	superscript "1"
²	0178	²	superscript "2"
³	0179	³	superscript "3"
‰	0137	‰	ppm
­	0173	-	"soft" transfer (means that in this place the browser, at its discretion, can hyphenate part of a word), must be identical in spelling to a hyphen, invisible to the user except when a word is hyphenated
Arrows
	16		right
◄	17	◄	left
▲	30	▲	up
▼	31	▼	down
↕	18	↕	up down
↔	29	↔	left-right
	24		up
↓	25	↓	down
→	26	→	right
←	27	←	left
¶	20 or 0182	¶	paragraph symbol
§	21 or 0167	§	paragraph symbol
`	96	-	typewritten back apostrophe (to the left of key 1, above Tab)
Other symbols
☺	1	-	smiley
☻	2	-	inverted smiley
	3		hearts (heart)
♦	4	♦	diamonds
♣	5	♣	clubs (crosses)
♠	6	♠	peaks
	7 or 0149	.	bullet for list
♂	11	-	designation of the male gender (symbol of the planet Mars)
♀	12	-	designation of the female gender (mirror of Venus)
ƒ	0131	ƒ	Latin f with a tail
†	0134	†	cross
‡	0135	‡	double cross
¡	0161	¡	flipped over Exclamation point
¦	0166	¦	"ragged" vertical line
¬	0172	¬	negative sign
µ	0181	µ	symbol "micro" (used in the SI system to indicate the corresponding prefix)
Greek lowercase letters
α	-	α	alpha
β	-	β	beta
γ	-	γ	gamma
δ	-	δ	delta
ε	-	ε	epsilon
ζ	-	ζ	zeta
η	-	η	this
θ	-	θ	theta
ι	-	ι	iota
κ	-	κ	kappa
λ	-	λ	lambda
μ	-	μ	mu
ν	-	ν	nude
ξ	-	ξ	xi
ο	-	ο	omicron
π	-	π	pi
ρ	-	ρ	ro
σ	-	σ	sigma
τ	-	τ	tau
υ	-	υ	upsilon
φ	-	φ	fi
χ	-	χ	hee
ψ	-	ψ	psi
ω	-	ω	omega
Greek capital letters
Α	-	Α	alpha
Β	-	Β	beta
Γ	-	Γ	gamma
Δ	-	Δ	delta
Ε	-	Ε	epsilon
Ζ	-	Ζ	zeta
Η	-	Η	this
Θ	-	Θ	theta
Ι	-	Ι	iota
Κ	-	Κ	kappa
Λ	-	Λ	lambda
Μ	-	Μ	mu
Ν	-	Ν	nude
Ξ	-	Ξ	xi
Ο	-	Ο	omicron
Π	-	Π	pi
Ρ	-	Ρ	ro
Σ	-	Σ	sigma
Τ	-	Τ	tau
Υ	-	Υ	upsilon
Φ	-	Φ	fi
Χ	-	Χ	hee
Ψ	-	Ψ	psi
Ω	-	Ω	omega
Fractions
½	0189	½	fraction "one half"
⅓	-	⅓	fraction "one third"
¼	0188	¼	fraction "one quarter"
⅕	-	⅕	fraction "one fifth"
⅙	-	⅙	fraction "one sixth"
⅛	-	⅛	fraction "one eighth"
⅔	-	⅔	fraction "two thirds"
⅖	-	⅖	fraction "two fifths"
¾	0190	¾	fraction "three-quarters"
⅗	-	⅗	fraction "three fifths"
⅜	-	⅜	fraction "three-eighths"
⅘	-	⅘	fraction "four fifths"
⅚	-	⅚	fraction "five-sixths"
⅝	-	⅝	fraction "five-eighths"
⅞	-	⅞	fraction "seven-eighths"

When texts are replete with such “unprintable” characters, it is better to install a specialized editor that allows you to “program” the desired action for a certain key combination.

Greetings, dear readers! Today I will tell you how to type special characters on your keyboard using Alt keys. If you didn’t quite understand from the title of the article what we’re talking about, I’ll explain in more detail.

There are symbols that are simply not on the keyboard, but they can be used quite often (paragraph icon, arrow, suit, heart). The question immediately arises of how to write this or that character that is not on the keyboard. How to do this will be discussed in this article.

Here are examples of such symbols:

☻☺ ♣♠◘○♀♪♂☼ ↕☼↓→§

Naturally, these are not all symbols, there are many more of them. Full table with these symbols you can find just below.

And now I will tell you how to print these characters.

So, already from the name it is clear that we will use the Alt key! But we will need other keys too!

In the picture below you can see all the keys we will need and where they are:

So, to print this or that character, you need to hold down the Alt key and, using the additional panel with numbers, type the code of the character we need (character codes can be taken from the table below). Moreover, it is important to follow the sequence, that is, if you first press 1 and then 2, then a symbol with number 12 will pop up, and if you do the opposite: first 2, and then 1, then a completely different symbol with number 21 will pop up.

For example, the emoticon code (☺) is 1. This means that to print an emoticon, you need to press the Alt key and, without releasing it, click on “1” in the additional panel with numbers, then you need to release the Alt key and the symbol will be printed.

To type an arrow (→) with code 26, you need to hold down the Alt key, then alternately press first “2”, then “6”, and then release the Alt key. The symbol will be printed immediately.

Here is a table of the most common characters with their numbers:

This was the easiest way to print these characters, but not the only one.

There is also such a thing as a symbol table. No, we're talking about not about that yellow table above. Every Windows computer has this Symbol Table application.

This application is located in this location:

There's a bunch of stuff in this folder system files, including “charmap”. In order not to look for it in that giant list, use the hotkey Ctrl + F and type “charmap” into the search. After launching the application, the following table will open:

You need to find and select the symbol you need, then copy it from the bottom line and paste it into the place you need. Quite convenient too!

Many have seen unusual and beautiful symbols, gracing a name, post or social media page, but few know where they come from.

In the operating room Windows system characters that are not on the keyboard are encrypted as numbers. Pressing a number in combination with the Alt key produces a special character that will change depending on the number.

Inserting hidden characters

Many people ask the question: “How to enter characters that are not on the keyboard?” This can be done different ways:

• using a symbol table;
• combinations of Alt with numbers;
• copying from the Internet;
• copying from software to edit text ( Microsoft Office);
• special online services.

symbol table

Above is a table of symbols that are not on the keyboard. With its help, you can easily insert the character you like into the text, copy it to social media.

How to open a symbol table

Opening a symbol table is very simple. The first thing you need to do is click “Start” and enter the phrase “Symbol table” in the computer search window.

Next step: click on the found phrase.

The symbol table can be easily found by knowing its location in the system. The path is as follows:

1. "Start".
2. All programs.
3. Standard.
4. Service.
5. Symbol table.

In order not to constantly perform many operations and mouse clicks, you can pin the link to the table on the “Taskbar” or in the “Start” menu. This is done like this: hover the cursor over the icon of the open program on the lower taskbar, press the right mouse button to open additional functions, then with the left mouse button you need to click on the penultimate line (pin the program).

Using the symbol table

In the table you can change the font, view help, and also copy any of the presented characters to the clipboard. To copy them, double-click on the one you like and click on the “Copy” button. To insert into text, you need to place the cursor in the part of the text in which you want to place the element, click on the "Insert" menu, called up with the right mouse button. Or do the same using Ctrl and V.

Additional Symbol Table Options

The functionality of the program in question contains additional parameters, to enable which you need to check the appropriate box. The checkbox is located under the "For copying" line. Main advantage additional parameters is the presence of a "Group". It allows you to search very quickly necessary element for inserting into text by category (monetary, punctuation, arrows, numeric, technical). For proper operation groupings should be Unicode ranges.

For example, you can take the infinity sign. To find it, you need to go to the group and select the desired category(for the infinity sign these are mathematical operators). Click on it double click and copy it to the clipboard.

Alt key and number combinations

In order for the symbol you need to appear on the screen, you need to click on the indicated number while holding down Alt. In order not to lose such a useful table, it is recommended to add it to your browser bookmarks or save it to your computer. For example, the combination of Alt and 1 produces the smiley symbol.

Copying from the Web

A very popular way to obtain the necessary characters that are not on the keyboard is to copy them from the Internet. This method is very simple and understandable for everyone, it consists of 2 steps:

• finding the desired symbol or smiley by creating a request in search bar browser;
• copy and paste to the desired location (text, message, status).

Symbols from Microsoft Office Word

You can also find original characters that are not on the keyboard in the very popular software from Microsoft Office Word. This method is similar to that described earlier. Its essence is that first we open Word program(it is installed on almost every computer), look for the “Insert” tab, and in the menu we find the “Insert Symbol” button. After this, a window appears with a huge amount various characters. In order to take a character you like from Word and paste it somewhere else, you need to paste the required character into blank sheet"Word", then select it and copy it (copying can be done using the Ctrl and C key combination).

Online services

Online services that provide the ability to quickly and conveniently select and copy your favorite symbol, emoticon or sign will help you diversify your page on VKontakte, tweets and posts on Facebook, and simply please your chat interlocutor.

Everything here is very simple and clear. Each button is a specific symbol. After clicking on any of them, the selected symbol appears in the window at the top. Below the window there are buttons with which you can change characters (font, size) or perform some action (copy, tweet, etc.). When you click Copy, the character(s) in the selection window are copied to your computer's clipboard. Only then does the user insert them into the message from the buffer.

Categories of hidden characters

All existing symbols that are not on the keyboard can be divided into the following categories:

• numbers;
• fractions;
• Zodiac signs;
• musical notes;
• symbols representing weather or precipitation;
• card;
• chess;
• snowflakes;
• flowers;
• emotions;
• arrows;
• others.

When writing, not only letters are used, but also punctuation marks: period, colon, comma, exclamation point, dash, etc. In addition to punctuation marks, there are special symbols on a laptop keyboard - for example, a hash mark, a dollar sign, and a line for an underscore, which can be made from a dash. In this sense, the laptop keyboard is completely identical to a regular one. computer keyboard, offering a similar set of punctuation marks.

Signs and special characters on the keyboard

The operation of a laptop keyboard usually does not require the installation of additional software. The only exception is the operation of “hot keys”, for which it is necessary to install special utilities, downloaded from the manufacturer's website. The remaining buttons, including those that allow you to add a dash or any other punctuation mark, work on the drivers preinstalled in the BIOS.

Depending on the selected layout, some punctuation buttons change their location. You can safely use an exclamation mark, a dash, and an opening and closing parenthesis. Even a simple dash sign when pressed Shift keys turns into an underscore.

Most punctuation marks are special characters This is how you need to set it by first holding down the Shift button. If, for example, a colon is drawn above the number “6” on the right, then you can put it on the Russian layout by pressing Shift. If the layout is English, then the character that is located on the button on the left will be printed. To help you better understand the difference, here is a table with all the punctuation marks in Cyrillic (Russian) and Latin (English) layouts:

If you need to insert characters into the text that are not on the keyboard, then use a special table that shows combinations of the Alt key with numeric codes.

Using such tables (they are different), you can insert almost any symbol, from a note to a paragraph, an emoticon or a heart.

Creating a new layout

If you don’t like the way punctuation marks are located on the keyboard, and you constantly wonder where the comma is and where the dash is on different layouts before putting the desired character, then change the layout to suit you using free program Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator. This will solve the problem with punctuation marks moving across the keyboard. You've probably encountered this situation: in the text on English language You need to put a comma for the meaning, but on the Latin layout, when you press a button, a slash is inserted.

Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator helps eliminate this inconvenience by allowing you to customize your layout. Other users will have to explain how to put punctuation marks, but you won’t have to worry about typing.

1. Launch the program. To avoid creating a keyboard layout with all the letters and punctuation marks from scratch, expand the "File" menu and click "Load Existing Keyboard."
   
2. For example, let's edit the Latin keyboard layout. Highlight "USA" and click "OK."
3. Give the project a name. Expand the "Project" menu and select "Properties".
   
4. In the “Name” line, specify the name of the project - it will be used as the name of the folder with the configuration files. In the “Description” field, enter a name for the layout. Make it unique so it will appear on the list Windows layouts. If you simply write “English”, you will not be able to understand where the normal layout is and where the individual layout is.
   
5. Return to the main program window. Look in the line “Current working directory” where the folder with the configuration files will be saved. You can change the location of the directory by clicking on the dotted button and pointing through Explorer to a different location on the disk.
   

To assign a new value to a key, left-click on it and in the window that appears, enter a different character or its code. Then you need to check the box next to the “Shift” item and edit the so-called upper values ​​of the buttons on the keyboard. For example, this way you can space out the dash and underscore different buttons or split the number "1" and exclamation mark into separate keys.

If you press the “All” button in the character input window, the extra menu, in which you can assign key values ​​for combinations with Alt or Alt+Shift.

It is not recommended to touch the letters to avoid confusion. Place a period, comma, colon in the English layout in the same place where they are on the keyboard in the Russian layout. Don’t forget to bring the Russian layout into line so that there are no errors or overlapping characters.

If you need additional characters that are not originally on the keyboard, then they can also be easily added with using Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator. For example, let's add to a button with a dash and underscore ruble sign.

1. Open the Unicode character table. Find the ruble sign. Copy the character itself or its Unicode number.
2. Return to the main program window. Click the dash button, then click All.
3. Insert the ruble sign into the line “ctrl+alt+key”. Save the new dash configuration by clicking OK.

To add a layout, you need to create an installation package with a setup.exe file that will launch the installer. Expand the "Project" menu and click "Build DLL and Setup Package". The installer will offer to create an operation log (click “No”) and open the folder with the file for installation in Explorer (click “Yes”).