Types of physical education programs. Physical education program

Khubbiev Sh.Z., Namozova S. Sh., Neznamova T.L., Minvaleev R.S., Koval T.E., Yarchikovskaya L.V., Oshina O.V., Karpunina A.D., Merkulova O A., Romanenko M.V.

Wellness programs in physical culture and sports

© St. Petersburg State University, 2014

Introduction

Training sessions on health-improving programs of physical culture and sports for SPbU students are organized and conducted in accordance with the Work Program developed in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Professional Education of the third generation and the Educational Standard of SPbSU. Health-improving programs are mastered by students of the I – IV courses at educational practical lessons in physical culture and sports under the guidance of a teacher and during independent work.

EP in FC and C are designed to form students' core competence (OK-9), associated with understanding and correct use of ideas about the means and methods of physical education and sports to increase the adaptive reserves of the body, strengthen health and then apply the acquired methodological knowledge, skills and skills to ensure an active competitive professional activity.

To achieve this goal, it is planned to solve the following tasks:

- formation of a positive attitude to health-improving physical culture, attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle, physical self-improvement, satisfaction of the need for regular physical activity of a health-related orientation on the basis of practicing the chosen kind of sport;

- development of skills and abilities of independent competent use of health programs to strengthen and maintain health; development and improvement of psychophysical abilities, qualities and personality traits, self-determination in physical culture;

- ensuring the general and professionally directed physical fitness of the student for future professional activities;

- promoting the accumulation of practical experience in the creative use of FC and S in the system of a healthy lifestyle for the successful achievement of life and professional goals.

Teaching students according to EP FC and S can be carried out during classes with a teacher or remotely, independently.

The relevance of the topics touched upon in the manual is due to the unfavorable situation regarding the health status of St.

Head of the General University Department of Physical Culture and Sports, Associate Professor S. Sh. Namozova

List of major abbreviations

AV block - atrioventricular block

BP - blood pressure

ATP - adenosine triphosphoric acid

VI Kerdo - Kerdo vegetative index

WHO - World Health Organization

TRP - ready for work and defense

SCIFK - State Central Institute of Physical Culture

DMPK - the proper level of maximum oxygen consumption

Cerebral palsy - infantile cerebral palsy

VC - vital capacity of the lungs

Ischemic heart disease

IGST - Harvard Step Test of General Endurance

BMI - body mass index

IP - initial position

HDL - high density lipoprotein

LDL - low density lipoprotein

MP - maximum repetition

IPC - maximum oxygen consumption

ODA - musculoskeletal system

OP - wellness program

ORU - general developmental exercises

GPP - general physical fitness

PR - an indicator of reaction

PSD - an indicator of cardiac activity

CCC - cardiovascular system

SOUP - the degree of heart rate increase

F and FP - physical and functional fitness

FC and S - physical culture and sports

CNS - central nervous system

NPV - respiratory rate

HR - heart rate

Theoretical and technological foundations for drawing up health-improving programs for physical culture

(Sh.Z. Khubbiev, S. Sh. Namozova)

1.1. General approaches to the development of EP

(S. Sh. Namozova)

The most important principle of the system of physical education and sports training is health-improving orientation. Its essence lies in the fact that in modern society, physical culture and sports should promote health improvement, the formation of a versatile and harmoniously developed citizen of Russia, adapted to the environment and society. As for human health, according to the interpretation of the World Health Organization, it is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not just the absence of diseases or physical defects. It is known that human health depends 10-15% on medicine, 15-20% on genetic factors, 20-25% on the state of the environment and 50-55% on lifestyle. Thus, a healthy lifestyle is the leading factor in a person's health. At the same time, physical exercise as the main means of PK and C is the most important component of a healthy lifestyle. Their contribution to the maintenance and strengthening of human health increases, provided they are health-improving. If a person does not regularly exercise, this significantly affects health and, accordingly, the level of dependence on heredity, medicine and ecology increases. It is clear that the key to solving the problem of health promotion is in the hands of a person, and he will be able to manage it, provided that physical training takes its rightful place in his life.

Recreational physical culture is an effective means of the formation, development and socialization of a personality, its successful socio-biological adaptation to new changing conditions, including environmental, industrial and educational. There is an opinion that in our time physical activity has decreased 100 times compared to previous centuries, which is why completely new diseases have arisen - “diseases of civilization”. Therefore, in modern conditions, the importance of physical culture as a means of improving people's health has increased. Its positive effect on human health is possible if the following rules are observed:

- to use only scientifically grounded means and methods of physical education¸ having a high health-improving value;

- to choose the volume and intensity of physical activity adequate to the abilities of the trainees;

- to accompany the lessons of health-improving physical exercises with regular medical-pedagogical and constant independent control.

The implementation of OP according to FC and S contributes to:

- increasing the functional capabilities of the body and human psyche;

- disease prevention;

- optimization of the mode of physical activity;

- reduction of fatigue;

- individualization of health related training loads;

- the use of physical exercise in the fight against bad habits;

- familiarizing people of different ages, sex and health status, including disabled people, to active physical culture and health-improving activities;

- the use of physical activity as an important component of a healthy lifestyle;

- development of professionally important physical qualities;

- increasing efficiency;

- better adaptation of a person to living conditions, including work.

Students are the most socially active and mobile group of the population, which largely determines the development strategy and the future of the state. Modern education is associated with high psychoemotional stress and intellectual stress, intensification of educational activities, increased requirements for the quality of theoretical training of students. All this leads to a decrease in the physical activity of students: the capabilities of the body, adaptive potential, performance indicators, increased fatigue. An irrational study regime is accompanied by static muscle loads prevailing in the student's daily life. During their studies at the university, the health of students deteriorates: for example, in the second year, the incidence increases by 23%, and in the final year - by 43%. In some universities, the number of students in a special medical group reaches 60%. The problem of a decrease in the working capacity and functional capabilities of the body in conditions of an increase in the training load is of great concern. In this regard, the role of physical culture as an effective factor in the health preservation of a young person increases sharply. And here one cannot do only with physical education lessons - they can satisfy only 25–30% of the students' daily needs for physical activity, therefore, other forms of physical culture lessons are very important for students. At the same time, training sessions and other forms of physical culture and sports activity should be health-improving.

Explanatory note

Grade 9

The work program contains the following sections:

Title page

Explanatory note

Content of the subject

Thematic planning, indicating the number of hours devoted to mastering each topic.

Appendix. Calendar-thematic planning.

The curriculum is developed based on:

Federal Lawdated December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ "On education in the Russian Federation";

The procedure for organizing and carrying out educational activities for basic general education programs - educational programs for primary general, basic general and secondary general education, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated 30.08.2013 No. 1015;

Federal State Educational Standard of Basic General Education (approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation "17"December2010 no.1897);

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2014 N 1644 "On Amending the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of December 17, 2010 N 1897" On Approval of the Federal State Educational Standard of Basic General Education ";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of December 31, 2015 N 1577 "On Amending the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of December 17, 2010 N 1897" On Approval of the Federal State Educational Standard of Basic General Education ";

SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of training in educational institutions", approved. Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated December 29, 2010 No. 189, registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on 3.03.2011 No. 19993 (hereinafter -SanPiN2.4.2.2821-10);

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of March 31, 2014 N 253 "On the approval of the federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated 06/08/2015 N576 "On amendments to the federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated 03.31.2014 N 253";

An approximate basic educational program of basic general education;

Letters from the Education Department of the Baryshsky District MO “On the organization of the educational process in the academic year”;

Charter MBOU Secondary School No. 4 MO "Baryshsky District";

The main educational program of basic general education MBOU SOSH №4 MO "Barysh district".

.Letters of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of 08.10.2010 No. IK-1494/19 on the introduction of the third hour of physical culture.

.Comprehensive physical education program, grades 1 - 11. Authors: V.I. Lyakh, A.A. Zdanevich. - M: "Education", 2012

.Work program "Physical culture" edited by V. I. Lyakh in 2013, corresponding to the structure of textbooks for grades 8-9: subject line of textbooks V. I. Lyakh.

.Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 24, 2014 N 172 "On the All-Russian Physical Culture and Sports Complex" Ready for Labor and Defense "(TRP)"

The main goal of the development of the domestic system of school education is defined as the formation of a personality, ready for active creative self-realization in the space of common human culture. Physical culture, like any other subject included in the Basic Curriculum, is also focused on achieving this goal. In turn, specificthe goal of school physical education is the formation of a versatile physically developed personality, capable of actively using the values ​​of physical culture for strengthening and long-term preservation of one's own health, optimizing work activity and organizing active recreation.

The educational process of the subject "Physical culture" in the basic school is aimed at solving the following problems:

promoting harmonious physical development, strengthening the skills of correct posture, developing the body's resistance to adverse environmental conditions, fostering value orientations towards a healthy lifestyle and personal hygiene habits;

teaching the basics of basic types of motor actions;

further development of coordination (orientation in space, restructuring of motor actions, speed and accuracy of response to signals, coordination of movements, rhythm, balance, accuracy of reproduction and differentiation of the main parameters of movements) and conditioning abilities (speed-power, high-speed, endurance, strength and flexibility);

the formation of the foundations of knowledge about personal hygiene, about the influence of physical exercises on the basic systems of the body, the development of volitional and moral qualities;

the development of ideas about the physical culture of a person and methods of self-control;

deepening the understanding of the main sports, competitions, shells and equipment, observing safety rules during classes, providing first aid in case of injuries;

fostering the habit of independent physical exercises, selected sports in free time;

development of organizational skills for conducting classes as a squad leader, team captain, judge;

formation of an adequate assessment of their own physical capabilities;

fostering initiative, independence, mutual assistance, discipline, a sense of responsibility;

promoting the development of mental processes and teaching the basics of mental self-regulation.

"Physical culture" in the 9th grade is studied at the rate of 3 hours a week: 102 hours a year. The third hour for teaching the subject "Physical culture" was introduced by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of August 30, 2010 No. 889. The order stated: "The third hour of the subject" Physical culture "should be used to increase motor activity and development physical qualities of students, the introduction of modern systems of physical education "

The work program is designed for 102 hours for one year of study (3 hours per week)

Planned results of mastering a subject

Personal results

Personal results of mastering the subject of physical culture.

Personal results are reflected in individual quality properties

students who are acquired in the process of mastering the subject "Physical

culture ". These qualitative properties are manifested primarily in the positive

the attitude of students to physical training (physical culture) activities,

accumulation of necessary knowledge, as well as in the ability to use the values ​​of physical

culture to meet individual interests and needs, achieve

personally significant results in physical perfection.

Personal results can manifest themselves in different areas of culture.

. possession of knowledge about the individual characteristics of physical development and

physical fitness, on their compliance with age and gender

regulations;

. possession of knowledge about the characteristics of individual health and functional

the capabilities of the body, ways to prevent diseases and overvoltage

by means of physical culture;

. knowledge of the basics of organizing and conducting physical classes

culture of health-improving and training orientation, compiling

content of classes in accordance with their own tasks, individual

features of physical development and physical fitness.

. the ability to manage your emotions, display a culture of communication and

interaction in the process of physical education, play and

competitive activity;

. the ability to actively participate in joint health and fitness and

sports events, take part in their organization and conduct;

. possession of the ability to prevent conflict situations during joint

physical education and sports, to resolve controversial issues on the basis of

respectful and benevolent attitude towards others.

In the field of labor culture:

. the ability to plan the daily routine, to ensure the optimal combination of load and

recreation;

. the ability to conduct hiking trips, prepare equipment, organize

and improve parking places, observe safety rules;

. the ability to maintain sports equipment and equipment, sports

clothes, prepare them for classes and sports competitions.

. beautiful (correct) posture, the ability to maintain it for a long time with a variety of

forms of movement and movement;

. a good physique, a desire to maintain it within the accepted norms and

performances through physical education;

. culture of movement, the ability to move beautifully, easily and naturally.

. possession of the ability to search for information on development issues

modern health systems, to summarize, analyze and creatively

apply the knowledge gained in independent physical education;

. possession of the ability to quite fully and accurately formulate the goal and objectives

joint activities with other children of physical culture and health and sports

health-improving activities, to state their content;

. possession of the ability to assess the situation and promptly make decisions, find

adequate ways of behaving and interacting with partners during training and

game activity.

. possession of the skills of performing vital motor skills (walking,

running, jumping, climbing, etc.) in different ways, in different changing

external conditions;

. possession of the skills of performing a variety of physical exercises of various

functional orientation, technical actions of basic sports, and

also their application in game and competitive activities;

. the ability to maximally show physical abilities (qualities) when performing

test exercises in physical culture.

Metasubject results of physical culture mastering.

Metasubject results characterize the level of formation of qualitative

universal abilities of students, manifested in the active application of knowledge and

skills in cognitive and subject-practical activities. Purchased at

the basis of the development of the content of the subject "Physical culture", in unity with the development

program material of other educational disciplines, universal

abilities will be required both within the educational process (the ability to learn) and

in the real everyday life of students.

Metasubject results are manifested in various areas of culture.

In the field of cognitive culture:

. understanding of physical culture as a cultural phenomenon that promotes development

integral personality of a person, consciousness and thinking, physical, mental and

moral qualities;

. understanding of health as the most important condition for self-development and self-realization

a person who expands the freedom of choice of professional activity and

ensuring long-term preservation of creative activity;

. understanding of physical culture as a means of organizing a healthy lifestyle,

prevention of bad habits and deviant (deviant) behavior.

In the field of moral culture:

. respect for one's own health and the health of others,

showing kindness and responsiveness to people with disabilities

opportunities and health problems;

. respectful attitude towards others, manifestation of a culture of interaction,

tolerance and tolerance in achieving common goals with joint

activities;

. responsible attitude to the assigned case, the manifestation of a conscious

discipline and readiness to defend their own positions, to be responsible for

the results of their own activities.

In the field of labor culture:

. conscientious fulfillment of educational tasks, a conscious desire to master

new knowledge and skills that qualitatively increase the effectiveness of the implementation

assignments;

. rational planning of educational activities, the ability to organize places

occupations and ensure their safety;

. maintaining an optimal level of performance in the process of educational

activities, active use of physical education for

prevention of mental and physical fatigue.

In the field of aesthetic culture:

. perception of the beauty of the physique and posture of a person in accordance with cultural

models and aesthetic canons, the formation of physical beauty from the standpoint

strengthening and maintaining health;

. understanding of the culture of human movements, comprehension of vital

motor skills in accordance with their appropriateness and aesthetic

attractiveness;

. the perception of sports competition as a cultural mass entertainment

events, manifestation of adequate norms of behavior;

In the field of communication culture:

. mastery of the culture of speech, conducting dialogue in a friendly and open manner,

showing attention, interest and respect to the interlocutor;

. possession of the ability to lead a discussion, discuss the content and results of a joint

activities, find compromises when making common decisions;

. possession of the ability to logically correctly state, reason and justify

own point of view, bring it to the interlocutor.

In the field of physical culture:

. possession of methods of organizing and conducting various forms of classes

physical culture, their planning and content;

. possession of a wide range of motor actions and physical exercises from

basic sports and health-improving physical culture, their active

use in independently organized sports and health and

physical culture and recreational activities;

. possession of methods of monitoring indicators of individual health,

physical development and physical fitness, the use of these

indicators in the organization and conduct of independent forms of physical training

culture.

Subject results of mastering a subject.

Knowledge about physical culture

The graduate will learn:

consider physical culture as a cultural phenomenon, highlight historical

stages of its development, to characterize the main directions and forms of its organization in

modern society;

characterize the meaningful foundations of a healthy lifestyle, reveal it

relationship with health, harmonious physical development and physical

preparedness, the formation of personality traits and the prevention of harmful

habits;

define the basic concepts and terms of physical culture, apply them in

the process of joint physical exercises with their peers,

to express with their help the peculiarities of the fulfillment of the technique of motor actions and

physical exercise, development of physical qualities;

to develop the content of independent physical exercises,

determine their focus and formulate tasks, rationally plan in

the regime of the day and the school week;

be guided by the rules of injury prevention and preparation of places of employment, the correct choice of shoes and uniforms, depending on the season and weather conditions;

be guided by the rules of first aid for injuries and

bruises during independent exercise.

characterize the goal of reviving the Olympic Games and the role of Pierre de Coubertin in

the formation of the modern Olympic Movement, explain the meaning of the symbols and

rituals of the Olympic Games;

to characterize the historical milestones in the development of the national sports movement, great athletes who brought glory to Russian sports;

identify signs of a positive effect of physical training on

health promotion, to establish a link between the development of physical qualities and

major body systems.

The graduate will learn:

use physical education, sports games and sports

competitions for the organization of individual rest and leisure, strengthening

own health, improving the level of physical condition;

make up complexes of physical exercises for health-improving, training and

corrective orientation, select an individual load taking into account

functional features and capabilities of your own body;

classify physical exercises according to their functional orientation,

plan their sequence and dosage in the process of self-study to improve health and develop physical qualities;

independently conduct classes on teaching motor actions,

analyze the features of their implementation, identify errors and eliminate them in a timely manner;

test indicators of physical development and basic physical qualities,

compare them with age standards, control the peculiarities of their dynamics in

the process of independent physical training;

interact with peers in an independent educational setting

activities, provide assistance in organizing and conducting classes, mastering new

motor actions, development of physical qualities, testing of physical

development and physical fitness.

The graduate will have the opportunity to learn:

keep a diary on physical activity, include in it the design of plans for conducting independent physical exercises of various

functional orientation, data for monitoring the dynamics of an individual

physical development and physical fitness;

to carry out physical education classes using health-improving walking and running, skiing and hiking, to ensure their health-improving orientation;

carry out recovery activities using bath procedures and

health massage sessions.

Physical improvement

The graduate will learn:

perform sets of exercises to prevent fatigue and overstrain

organism, increasing its performance in the process of labor and educational

activities;

perform general developmental exercises that purposefully affect

development of basic physical qualities (strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and

coordination);

perform acrobatic combinations from a number of well-mastered exercises;

perform gymnastic combinations on sports equipment from among well

mastered exercises;

perform athletics exercises in running and jumping (in height and length);

perform cross-country skiing, demonstrate

their technique of ability to alternate sequentially in the process of passing training distances (for snowy regions of Russia);

perform descents and braking on skis from a gentle slope with one of the learned

ways;

perform basic technical actions and techniques of playing football in conditions

perform basic technical actions and techniques of playing volleyball in conditions

educational and play activities;

perform basic technical actions and techniques of playing basketball in conditions

educational and play activities;

perform test exercises to assess the level of individual development

basic physical qualities.

Content of the subject

Knowledge about physical culture

The history of physical culture. Olympic games of antiquity.

Revival of the Olympic Games and the Olympic Movement.

The history of the birth of the Olympic movement in Russia. Olympic movement in Russia

(THE USSR). Outstanding achievements of domestic athletes at the Olympic Games.

Brief description of the sports included in the program of the Olympic Games.

Physical culture in modern society.

Organization and conduct of hiking tours. Requirements for technique

safety and respect for nature (environmental requirements).

Physical culture (basic concepts). Physical development of a person.

Physical fitness and its relationship with health promotion, development of physical qualities.

Organization and planning of self-study for the development of physical qualities.

Technical training. Technique of movements and its main indicators.

Comprehensive and harmonious physical development.

Sports training. Health and healthy lifestyle.

Applied physical training.

Physical culture of a person. The daily routine, its main content and rules

planning.

Body hardening. Safety rules and hygiene requirements.

The influence of physical education on the formation of positive qualities

personality.

Conducting self-study to correct posture and physique.

Recovery massage.

First aid during physical education and sports.

Methods of motor (physical) activity

Organization and conduct of independent physical education.

Preparation for physical education.

The choice of exercises and the preparation of individual complexes for morning exercises,

physical education minutes, physical training breaks (mobile changes).

Planning physical education.

Conducting independent lessons in applied physical training.

Organization of leisure by means of physical culture.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of physical education. Self-observation and

self-control.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of physical culture and health-improving activities. Grade

techniques of movements, methods of identifying and eliminating errors in the technique of execution

(technical errors).

Measurement of body reserves and health status using functional tests.

Physical perfection

Physical culture and recreation activities. Wellness forms of classes in the mode of the school day and school week.

Individual complexes of adaptive (therapeutic) and corrective physical

culture.

Gymnastics with the basics of acrobatics. Organizing teams and receptions.

Acrobatic exercises and combinations. Rhythmic gymnastics (girls).

Exercises and combinations on a gymnastic bench (girls).

Exercises and combinations on the gymnastic bar (boys).

Athletics. Running exercises. Jumping exercises. Throwing a small ball.

Ski race. Skiing. Ascents, descents, turns, braking.

Sport games. Basketball. Playing by the rules. Volleyball. Playing by the rules.

General developmental exercises. General physical training.

Gymnastics with the basics of acrobatics. Development of flexibility, coordination of movements, strength,

endurance.

Athletics. Development of endurance, strength, speed, coordination of movements.

Ski race. Development of endurance, strength, coordination of movements, speed.

Basketball. Development of speed, strength, endurance, coordination of movements.

Standards of the All-Russian physical culture and sports complex "Ready for Labor and Defense" (TRP)

Appendix No. 3

Thematic planning

Topic	Number of hours
Introductory lesson. Safety briefing in athletics lessons. Low start.
Low start up to 30 m.
Running with acceleration. KDP
Speed ​​run up to 70m. KDP
Running 60 meters for the result. Development of speed abilities.
Long jump from the takeoff run with 11-13 takeoff steps. KDP
Throwing a small ball 150g. at a distance of 4-5 throwing steps
Throwing the ball at the target
Medicine ball throwing and catching
Long run. KDP.
Basics of knowledge. Safety briefing at basketball lessons. Stands and movement.
Turns, stops
Catching and passing the ball
Dribbling
Throwing the ball with one and two hands in a jump.
Interception of the ball
Free attack tactics
Fast break attack. Educational game
Basics of knowledge. Safety briefing in gymnastics lessons
A long forward roll with three steps of the run (M), forward and backward rolls (d). A combination of previously mastered acrobatic elements
Stand on the head and hands by force from the support squatting (m); Balance on one, lunge forward, somersault forward (d)
A combination of previously mastered acrobatic elements.
Hangs and stops
Vault
Improvement of gymnastic and drill exercises.
Basics of knowledge. Safety briefing in ski lessons
Basic drill techniques on skis.
Simultaneous non-step
Simultaneous one-step stroke
Simultaneous two-step stroke
Alternating two-step stroke.
Alternating four-step stroke.
Transition from alternating moves to simultaneous
Ridge course
Overcoming counter bias
Ascents and descents in the studied ways
Plow braking and turning
Ski relay overcoming obstacles. Skiing games
Skiing 3 km, 5 km for the result
Basics of knowledge. Safety briefing at volleyball lessons
Stands, movements, turns and stops.
Receiving and passing the ball at the net and in the jump over the net
Passing the ball from above while standing with your back to the goal
Bottom straight serve of the ball through the net to the specified area of ​​the court.
Direct attacking blow in oncoming passes.
A combination of mastered elements. Educational game
Safety briefing in athletics lessons
Low start up to 30 m.
Running with acceleration. KDP
High-speed running up to 70 m. KDP
Development of speed abilities. Running 60m for the result.
Long jump with a run KDP
Throwing a small ball at a distance
Throwing the ball at the target.
Throwing a small ball with a running start to the result
Long run. KDP.
Development of endurance. Run 2000m for the result.
Preparation for the implementation of the standards of the "TRP" complex. Summarizing.
Total	102h

Physical culture has acquired particular importance at the present time. What is physical education in an educational organization? How can you build planning for this academic discipline? We will look for answers to these questions in order to understand the essence and specifics of teaching physical education in a timely school.

Role and place in the educational institution

What place does physical culture and sports take in national education? To begin with, at present, one hour of teaching this academic discipline has been added to all classes.

You will be interested in:

The reason for this decision was a significant deterioration in the physical health of the younger generation, as well as the lack of a positive attitude towards a healthy lifestyle among schoolchildren.

The Federal State Educational Standard for Physical Education is designed so that the main emphasis of teachers is paid precisely to the preservation of the health of schoolchildren, the formation of their active desire to go in for sports.

The structure of the lesson and its features

Lessons are held in the gym or on the street. The physical education program is designed so that each lesson has three sections:

• introductory part;
• main content;
• conclusion.

At the introductory stage, the teacher offers the children exercises in the form of a warm-up. The main block is designed for learning a new game, exercises, throwing, jumping, rope climbing, running, coordination tasks, outdoor games, team relay races.

The physical education teacher in the final part of the lesson gives the children time to adjust the pulse and breathing, to bring their body into its normal mode of functioning.

Important aspects

What does the concept of "physical culture" mean? What is school physical education? Note that physical education in an ordinary school is not limited only to lessons, it may well include small unloading physical minutes, which are carried out not only by physical education teachers, but also by teachers of other academic disciplines.

It is also necessary to include systematic medical examinations carried out annually in educational institutions. They are designed to assess the development, health status, and physical fitness of students. Taken together, all this is physical culture. What is a physical education program for a Russian school? Let's dwell on this issue in more detail.

Specificity of the program

Several forms and components are distinguished in it:

• basic part;
• rehabilitation and health-improving part;
• "Background" physical education.

The first part is the fundamental foundation of the subject. It includes a system of educational and educational goals, as well as a selection of techniques and methods of work that contribute to the achievement of the goals and objectives. It is on this part that physical culture is based. What is the wellness part of the program? The teacher is obliged to fully fulfill the social order, to create optimal conditions for maintaining the physical health of the younger generation.

That is why the usual program for this academic discipline additionally (if necessary) includes sets of exercises that contribute to the correction of various skills. For example, a teacher does breathing exercises with children as part of a physical education lesson, exercises for posture correction.

Primary school program

It includes elements that involve the development of endurance, dexterity, coordination of movements, teamwork skills. In physical education classes, the teacher teaches children the basics of correct breathing, combining it with movements.

The program includes acquaintance with the elements of team and sports games, learning to swim, rope climbing, throwing the ball at different distances, throwing it into the volleyball net.

Features of the physical education program for high school students

At the senior level of education, the teacher uses a variety of working methods to organize lessons. They represent a single set of methodological techniques that allow you to build your own developmental trajectory for each pupil, instill in adolescents a positive attitude to sports and a healthy lifestyle.

Lessons include teaching the skills of hardening, psychoregulation, self-control, massage. This subject is aimed at forming high school students' habit of going in for sports for the rest of their lives. It is this subject that allows teachers to prevent the associative behavior of high school students.

In the work program for physical culture, an explanatory note is drawn up, in which all the main techniques and methods of work are noted. Relevance and peculiarity of physical education.

Next, the teacher will schedule the thematic planning by lesson, indicating the number of hours allocated for each game, exercise, run, and other activities. According to the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, special attention is paid to those universal skills that schoolchildren must master.