What is a search engine definition. The best internet search engines

Useful tips

Total Commander- this is essentially an analogue Windows Explorer, but it is much more efficient and easier to manage. For many users this file manager has long been vital necessary tool, from which work on the PC begins. The popularity of Total Commander is also largely determined by its weak level of payment protection. This file manager is distributed under a Shareware license, i.e. it is implied free use within a month. But in fact, even after the free month of use, Total Commander is not blocked.

Just press one of the three numbers (1, 2 or 3) and after counting down the seconds, the manager will start. There will be no restrictions on the functionality of the program.
Download Total Commander current version can be found on the official website page. At the time of writing, the infinite trial version of Total Commander 8.51a is current, both 32-bit and 64-bit.
I would like to draw your attention to the fact that during Total installations Commander You can select the folder where the configuration files are located, for which you need to click on the "Set path to INI files" button. Now you can easily transfer your Total Commander settings to another computer simply by copying the INI files.

I chose the program directory to store INI files (convenient when the program is used from different operating systems). If you use several Total versions Commander, then it is better to store INI files in the Windows directory.

The Total Commander user interface is designed in a classic two-panel form, which is very convenient when performing a variety of manipulations with files and folders.

Setting up Total Commander

Let's go through the settings of Total Commander, for this you need from top menu select "Configuration" - "Settings". Window view - here are some of the most important settings that determine the appearance of the file manager window.

In order to add or remove certain components of the main window, just uncheck or check the checkbox, after clicking the "Apply" button you can see with your own eyes changes made. If you are satisfied with everything, click “OK”.
On the tab "Panel Contents" provides the opportunity to configure work with files and folders on the manager panels.

Settings items: Icons, Fonts, and Colors arrange to your liking.
In the tab "Tabulators" we configure tab stop positions (size, file type, date), and also set a template for displaying file sizes. For me personally, it is more convenient when the size of files (folders) is shown not in bytes, but in Mb, Gb or Kb.

Agree that it is not very convenient to often open a folder that is located somewhere deep in the directory.
You can pin frequently used tabs to the file panel as follows. Open the desired folder and click on it right click mice. From the context menu, select the option or "Rename/Lock tab" . You can also use hotkeys: Ctrl+T - create a tab, Ctrl+W - delete a tab.

If there are a lot of blocked tabs, then they can be evenly distributed across both manager panels simply by dragging them with the mouse. Don't forget to save changes from the top menu "Configuration" - "Save position" and "Save settings" . Now you have the necessary tabs, which will not disappear until you change the settings. While working with the program for a long time, it may happen that you have many tabs open. In order to close them on any of the tabs, right-click and select the item from the menu "Close all tabs" or click on the hotkey combination "Ctrl+Shift+W". After this, all unlocked and inactive tabs on the file manager panel you selected will close.
The next important setting item "Basic Operations" .

Connecting the Notepad++ editor to Total Commander by default

Best editor text files, in my opinion, is Notepad++ . How can I make it the default editor in Total Commander? On the next settings tab "Edit/View" you can connect external programs to view and edit files in Total Commander by pressing the F3 (view) or F4 (edit) button.
Choose Editor program- a path selection window will open where you need to find Notepad++ on your computer.

Setting up hot keys in

It is worth noting that Total Commander by default has great amount keyboard shortcuts for work. The list of hot keys can be viewed by clicking on the "Help" button in the right top corner Total Commander. It is noteworthy that in the settings item "Miscellaneous" You can redefine hotkeys in the manager at your discretion. Let's set, for example, showing and hiding system files keyboard shortcut Ctrl+H - cm_SwitchHidSys.

So, I recommend assigning the following hotkey combinations:
"Ctrl+W" - cm_CopyNamesToClip- copy file names to the clipboard. You can copy one or several file names at once.
"Alt+W" - cm_CopyFullNamesToClip- copy file names with their location paths to the clipboard. Significantly saves time!
"Shift+Home" - cm_OpenDesktop- open the "Desktop" tab in the Total Commander window. It is often convenient to start work from the desktop, and from here you can go to the Control Panel, etc.
"Shift+BackSpace" - cm_GoToRoot- go to the root directory of the disk from anywhere. Also a very useful thing. Clicking "Ctrl+\" you also, by default, go to the root directory of the disk. Well, just a key "BackSpace" by default in Total it moves one level higher.

On the official website of the Total Commander developer you can find and download a great variety of plugins: http://www.ghisler.com/plugins.htm. If you don’t want to bother translating their descriptions into Russian, then visit the Russian-language website http://wincmd.ru. New plugins are also available from the unofficial TC website (http://www.totalcmd.net/).
If you open the tab "Plugins" in the settings of Total Commander, you will see that the plugins themselves are divided into four types: Archive plugins (have the WCX extension), Plugins file system(WFX), Internal Viewer Plugins (WLX) and Information Plugins (WDX).

Archiving plugins allow you to work with archives that are not initially supported in the file manager or are supported with restrictions. Using archiving plugins, support for working with a number of other file formats- CHM, MSI, ICL, DLL, etc. File system plugins allow you to access drives that are not accessible from Windows, remote systems, internal Windows modules, media with other file systems. Internal viewer plugins allow you to view files various formats, incl. not supported by Lister's internal viewer, such as images, tables, databases, etc. Information plugins are designed to provide access to extended information about files (MP3 tags, image attributes, etc.)
There are two ways to install plugins: automatically and manually. Automatic installation does not cause any difficulties: just open the downloaded archive with the plugin in the Total Commander panel and the manager itself will offer to install the detected module. Is it true, automatic installation Not available for all plugins.

Connecting additional plugins manually is also not difficult. To install the plugin, unpack the contents of the archive into a separate folder. Best in the catalog with Total manager Commander create a subdirectory "Plugins" , where to create separate folders for each plugin separately. In the future, this policy will allow you to avoid confusion in the Total Commander folders.
Now you need to open Total settings Commander Configuration - Settings , where in the section Plugins you should click on the button "Settings" With the right type plugin. In the drop-down window, click "Add" and select a file with the extension .wfx (wdx, wcx or wlx) - the actual file of the plugin to be installed from the folder we created. All! The plugin is installed.

To see which plugins of each type are installed in your Total Commander build, click the button "Tune" in the relevant area. I emphasized the archiver plugins in my manager build.

Thanks to installed plugins you can view any folders and files on the adjacent Total Commander panel using a hotkey combination "Ctrl+Q". If you navigate through files in one panel, their contents will be displayed in the adjacent viewing panel.

There are many software for managing Windows OS parameters - these are plugins built into the system, and various tweakers, and system utilities. There are many plugins developed for Total Commander that solve the same problem. Using TC file system plugins provides the opportunity to keep your finger on the pulse of your computer’s OS from the familiar and very user-friendly interface TS file manager and perform many operations much faster than through the built-in Windows toolkit.

File system plugins are available in Total Commander via network

Very easy to use Uninstaller 64 plugin , which is designed to quickly uninstall applications that are in the list "Installation and removal of programms" panels Windows management. The plugin allows you to view all entries, including hidden ones, and works much faster than the built-in Windows uninstaller. To uninstall an application using this plugin, you need to select the line with the program name and click Enter key. The plugin is also used to remove broken links (Del or F8 buttons) and view the uninstallation command (F3 or Ctrl+Q).

Thanks to the plugin ProcFS Task Manager you can view running processes on your PC, including those that can hide from the standard manager Windows tasks. The panel shows the name of the process, its type, the amount of memory occupied by the process, and the time it started. The plugin allows you to view properties running processes and the libraries they use (F3), change the priorities of processes ( double click on the process) and unload them (Del).

Services2 plugin - This handy tool to work with Windows services. This plugin allows you to view a list of services, and by appearance icons you can immediately understand whether the service is running or stopped. The plugin allows you to quickly change the launch mode of a specific service (manual, automatic, disabled), you can pause the service, delete or start the service. All of the above operations are performed in the service properties window, which is opened by double-clicking on the service line or by pressing the Enter key.

Quick Tabs and Files in Total Commander

Open the folder in Total Commander that you want to save and have access to fast access, and press the keyboard shortcut "Ctrl + D" or click on the star in the upper right corner of the panel. IN Google Chrome this keyboard shortcut adds to bookmarks, and in Total Commander – to the quick access menu. From the context menu, select "Add current directory" .

You can select any of the proposed submenu types. By clicking again on the star or keyboard shortcut "Ctrl + D" you can view a list of your directories that you have quick access to. This menu can also be called up using the mouse - double click by the name of the current directory.

Total Commander Control Panel

Add shortcuts to programs, internal teams, as well as to any system team to the Total Commander toolbar is quite simple. You must either drag the exe file of the program onto the panel itself or enter the path to the program manually.
First option. Go to the "Program Files" folder and drag the exe file of the program onto the Total Commander panel.

Second option. Right-click on empty space toolbar and then "Edit". In the window that opens, click “Add” and add the program by specifying the full path to it exe file. I prefer to use the first option.

If, after clicking the “Add” button, you click the small button with a magnifying glass, then you will see a huge list of commands provided in Total Commander.

At the bottom of the window in the box "Filter" , indicate, for example, the command number 2400 (group renaming) and click "OK". An additional icon will appear in the toolbar; by clicking on it, you can rename an entire list of files at once.

The Total toolbar is also interesting because other files and folders can interact with the programs pinned here. Drag, for example, the folder containing mp3 files onto the AIMP3 player icon in the toolbar. Your audio files will start playing one after another. Similarly, drag the CSS file onto the icon text editor Notepad++ and the program will open it immediately. Drag"n Drop (take and throw) from file panels to the shortcuts of the folders we created earlier will cause files to be copied to these folders!
If your Total Commander is in startup, then thanks to installed icons launch programs directly from the TS manager toolbar, you will not need to install extra shortcuts on the desktop. If necessary, unnecessary icons can be easily removed from the toolbar in the same way as they were installed: by highlighting unnecessary icon, click on the "Delete" button and the icon will disappear.
At the bottom of the manager there are function key buttons

These buttons also support Drag"n Drop, so the most convenient way to use them is not by pressing the F3, F4, F5 buttons themselves, but by dragging selected files and folders onto these buttons. Believe me, it’s more convenient this way. And if you right-click on the F8 button, it will open context menu, where you can empty the Trash or view its properties.

The FTP client integrated into Total Commander allows you to connect to your website (blog) without any problems and provides necessary information. To select a connection, just press the key combination CTRL+F, and if you have not configured a single connection yet, then in the window that opens, simply click on the “Add” button.

Settings FTP connections are not much different from the settings of the FTP client FileZilla, so you already know what to do next.

Connecting network drives in Total Commander

Turn on "Net" in the Total Commander setup menu. Select function .
In the window that appears, select the drive and folder in which you want to store the information. You can specify the path to the site where images and documents will be stored.

Basic operations with folders/files in Total Commander

All actions with folders/files in the file manager are performed extremely simply, literally, by pressing one or two buttons.

Selecting files

Before performing operations on several objects at once, they must first be selected. This can be done by clicking on each object with the right mouse button or with the left button, after pressing and holding Ctrl key.

Renaming files

Place the cursor over the desired file/folder and double-click on the object (but not very quickly!) with the left mouse button, the object will turn blue, and then set a new name.

Deleting files

Select the desired file/folder or select several at once. Then, press F8 - the delete key.

Copy/move files

Select the desired file/folder or several at once in one file manager panel. Then, in another panel, select the folder where you want to copy/move these objects and press the F5 or F6 button accordingly.

Select on any panel the required number of files that will need to be renamed using a specific mask and press the key combination Ctrl+M.

Setting up internal associations is available from the "Files" menu. All files that you open in Total Commander with a double click can be associated i.e. configure their opening by any programs on your computer.

Working with archives

You can pack (Alt+F5), unpack (Alt+F9) and check (Alt+Shift+F9) archives using the archive plugins installed in Total Commander. In addition, you can enter the archives as in regular folders, which significantly saves your time.

Search by files in Total Commander

To quickly find important folders or files on the disk, use the search function integrated into the file manager by clicking on the “magnifying glass” icon on the toolbar or use the Alt+F7 key combination. If you search for files in Russian, do not forget to check the “UTF-8” checkbox. All additional settings(size, creation date, available attributes) for searching you will find in the tab "Additionally" .

Splitting a file into fragments

Breakdown large file into fragments of a given size is available from the menu "Files" . The cut file can be assembled in reverse order through the same menu. This function can be useful, for example, when sending large files by email.

Here is the most basic thing you may need when using Total Commander. However, if you delve deeper into the study of this file manager, you can use its capabilities much more widely!
Leave your opinion about the article “Instructions” by writing a comment and be sure to subscribe to new articles!

Total Commander is a simple at first glance file manager that has so many useful functions and opportunities that both beginners and advanced users will definitely find something they need. Let's look at some of the most popular and simple ones.

First of all, the good thing about Total Commander is that it makes it very easy to work with files and folders. When you launch the program, you will see a window that is divided into two parts. In each part you can select the required file.

To do this, click on the title the desired disk on the panel at the top of the window. This will open a list of all folders and files that are on the disk.

All you have to do is open the folder with necessary file or click on the file name if it is located in the root of the disk. (Fig. 1)

Total Commander allows you to perform basic actions with files with just one click: copy, move, rename, delete. For example, you need to copy a file from one folder to another. Open the folder containing the this file, and on the right - the folder into which this file needs to be copied. Next, simply drag the file with the left button from one part of the window to another. Alternatively, you can use hotkey F5. (Fig. 2)

Moving files is done in a similar way, but instead of the F5 button, F6 is used. If you are using manual drag, then hold down Shift key. (Fig. 3)

If you need to select several files in a row to perform operations on them, hold down the Shift key and click on the name of the first one and last file. In this case, all files in the list between them will be selected. (Fig. 4)

If the files are not nearby, click on them while holding the Ctrl key. (Fig. 5)

It often becomes necessary to change the file extension if you saved it in the wrong format, or if your computer does not support some formats. Slowly double-click the left button or press Shift+F6. Now you can change the extension or rename the file. (Fig. 6)

By using Total programs Commander lets you quickly view files without opening them. To do this, use the F3 key. The F8 key is used to delete files.

Navigation in the program is very convenient. Let’s say that to go directly to the root of the disk, you should press the “\” button. To go up one level, use the ".." button or double-click on the first line "[..]". For convenience, you can sort folders and files by various parameters: name, size, date or type.

To make it easier to work in the program, I recommend studying the settings. Select the menu item Configuration / Settings. A window like this will open. (Fig. 7)

If you are just starting out with Total Commander, proceed with caution and only change basic settings. For example, you can make the file's context menu invoked by right-clicking. To do this, in the left part of the Settings window, select Basic Operations. In the window that opens, select the Left button switch (as is customary in Windows) in the Mouse selection item. After this, you can rename, delete, copy files, select a program to view, just by right-clicking, as in Windows environment. (Fig. 8)

Also, using the settings, you can change the interface language, window design, column contents, appearance of disk and partition buttons, display hidden files etc. As you can see, the program’s capabilities are quite wide, the main thing is to learn how to use them correctly.

The most popular web service of our time is the search engine. Everything is understandable here, because the days when representatives of the first Internet users could observe new products on the Internet are long gone.

So much information appears and accumulates that it has become very difficult for a person to find exactly what he needs. Imagine what it would be like to search on the Internet if the average user had to look for information from God knows where. I don’t understand exactly where, because manual search You won't find much information.

Search engine, what is it?

It’s good if the user already knows sites that may have the necessary information, but what to do otherwise? In order to make life easier for a person in search necessary information on the Internet and were invented search engines or just search engines. The search engine performs one very important function, without which the Internet would not be the same as we are used to seeing it - this is searching for information on the Internet.

Search system- this is a special web site or in other words a site that provides users, upon their requests, with hyperlinks to pages of sites that respond to a given search query.

To be a little more precise, it is a search for information on the Internet, carried out thanks to a software and hardware functional set and a web interface for interacting with users.

For human interaction with the search engine, a web interface was created, that is, a visible and understandable shell. This approach search engine developers make it easier for many people to search. As a rule, it is on the Internet that searches are carried out using search engines, but there are also search systems for FTP servers, certain types of goods in world wide web, or news information or other search directions.

The search can be carried out not only by the text content of sites, but also by other types of information that a person can search for: images, videos, sound files etc.

How does a search engine search?

Internet search itself, just like browsing websites, is possible using Internet browser - browser. Only after the user has specified his query in the search bar, the search itself is carried out directly.

Any search engine contains a software part on which the entire search engine is based, it is called a search engine - it is software package and providing the ability to search for information. After contacting a search engine, a person generates a search query and enters it into the search bar, the search engine generates a page with a list of search results, the most relevant ones, in the opinion of the search engine, are located higher.

Search relevance - searching for the most relevant materials to the user's request and placing hyperlinks on them on the search results page with more accurate results above others. The distribution of results itself is called site ranking.

So how does a search engine prepare its materials for publication and how does the search engine itself search for information? The collection of information on the network is facilitated by a unique robot or bot for each search engine, which also has a number of other synonyms such as crawler or spider, and the work of the search system itself can be divided into three stages:

The first stage of a search engine’s operation includes scanning sites in global network and collecting on your own own servers copies of web pages. This creates a huge amount of information that has not yet been processed and is not suitable for search results.

The second stage of the search engine’s work comes down to putting in order the information received earlier, in the first stage, from sites. The sorting is carried out in such a way that least time will favor the same high-quality search that users actually expect from a search engine. The stage is called indexing, which means that the pages are already prepared for issuance, and the current database will be considered an index.

It is precisely the third stage that determines the search results, after receiving a request from its client, based on the keywords or near keywords specified in the request. This facilitates the selection of the information most relevant to the request and its subsequent delivery. Since there is a lot, a lot of information, the search engine performs ranking in accordance with its algorithms.
The best search engine is considered to be the one that can provide the material that most correctly responds to the user’s request. But here, too, there may be results that were influenced by people interested in promoting their site; such sites, although not always, often appear in search results, but not for long.

Although world leaders have already been identified in many regions, search engines continue to develop their high-quality search. The better the search they can provide, the more people will use it.

How to use the search engine?

What is a search engine and how it works is already clear, but how to use it correctly? Most sites always have a search bar, and next to it there is a Find or Search button. IN search bar a query is entered, after which you need to press the search button or, as is more often the case, press the Enter key on the keyboard and in a matter of seconds you receive the query result in the form of a list.

But it’s not always possible to get the correct answer to a search query the first time. To ensure that the search for what you want does not become painful, you must correctly compose your search query and follow the recommendations described below.

We compose the search query correctly

The following will provide tips for using the search engine. Following some tricks and rules when searching for information in a search engine will give you the opportunity to get desired result much faster. Follow these guidelines:

Correct spelling of words ensures maximum amount matches with the desired information object (Although modern search engines have already learned to correct spelling errors, this advice should not be neglected).
By using synonyms in your query, you can cover a wider search range.
Sometimes changing a word in the query text can bring better results; reformat the query.
Bring specificity to your request, use exact occurrences of phrases that should define the main point search.
Experiment with keywords. Usage keywords and phrases can help determine the main essence, and search engine will produce a more relevant result.

So what a search engine is is nothing more than an opportunity to find information of interest and usually use it completely free of charge, learn something, understand something, or draw the right conclusion for yourself. Many people can no longer imagine their life without voice search, in which you don’t have to type text, you just need to say your request, and the information input device here is a microphone. All this indicates constant development search technologies on the Internet and the need for them.

In order to successfully maintain and develop our blog, we, first of all, need to know what algorithms they work by. A clear understanding of the answers to these questions will allow us to successfully solve the problems of website promotion in search engines. But the conversation about search engine optimization of websites is still ahead, but for now a little theory about search engines.

What are Internet search engines?

If we turn to Wikipedia, this is what we find out:

“A search engine is a software and hardware complex with a web interface that provides the ability to search for information on the Internet.”

And now in a language we understand. Let's say we urgently need information on a certain topic. So that we can quickly find it, search engines have been created - sites where, by entering a search query in the search form, we will be given a list of sites on which, with a high degree of probability, we will find what we are looking for. This list is called search results. It can consist of millions of pages with 10 sites on each. The main task of a webmaster is to get into at least the top ten.

Remember that when you search for something on the Internet, you usually find it on the first page of the search results, rarely moving to the second, much less to subsequent ones. This means that the higher the site ranks, the more visitors will visit its pages. A high traffic(number of visitors per day) is, among other things, an opportunity to do well.

How do Internet search engines find information on the Internet and on what basis do they distribute places in search results?

In a few words, internet search engine- this is a whole web in which spider robots constantly scan the network and remember all the texts that enter the Internet. Analyzing the data received, search engines select documents that are most relevant search query, i.e. relevant, from which search results are formed.

The most interesting thing is that search engines cannot read. So how then do they find information? Search engine algorithms boil down to a few basic principles. First of all, they pay attention to the title and description of the article, paragraph headings, semantic highlights in the text and the density of keywords, which must necessarily correspond to the topic of the article. The more accurate this correspondence, the higher the search results there will be a website. In addition, the volume of information and many other factors must be taken into account. For example, the authority of a web resource, which depends on the number and authority of sites linking to it. The greater the authority, the higher the ranking.

A set of measures aimed at raising the site’s position in search results for certain queries is called search engine optimization. Now this is a whole science -. But more on that later.

On this moment There are many search engines in the world. I'll name the most popular ones. In the west these are: Google, Bing and Yahoo. In RuNet - Yandex, Mail.ru, Rambler and Nigma. Basically, users give preference to the world leader, and the Yandex system has become the most popular on the Russian-language Internet.

A little history. Google was created in 1997 by a native of Moscow Sergey Brin and his American friend Larry Page during their studies at Stanford University.

A feature of Google was that it brought the most relevant search results in the first positions in search results. logical sequence, while other search engines were simply comparing the words in the query with the words on the web page.

On September 23 of the same year it was announced and Yandex system, which since 2000 began to exist as a separate company “Yandex”.

I won’t bore you any more, I hope it’s a little clearer now, what are internet search engines. It is worth saying that search engine algorithms are constantly evolving. Every day, search engines are getting better at identifying the needs of users and showing them the most relevant information in the search results, based on many factors (region, what queries the user has already requested, what sites he visited during the search process, where he went from them, etc.).

Soon Google and Yandex will know better than us what we need and what we think about!