Laptop training for beginners. Computer training

Question from a user

Hello.

I had an error with the image... One game was launched, for some reason the error suddenly appeared: "... that the AMD video driver was stopped due to...", and then I noticed that everything on the monitor screen became large .

Also, if earlier I could place a hundred shortcuts on the desktop, now there are already 10 - and almost half of the space is gone! How so, what needs to be done to return everything to its previous state?

Anatoly.

Good time everyone!

This happens due to the fact that the optimal screen resolution (in your case, the video driver may have crashed, and because of this the resolution has gone down).

Actually, if you explain in simple words, That screen resolution- this is the number of points along which the picture is built on the monitor. Of course, the more dots, the clearer and more accurate the contours of the image.

Each monitor has its own optimal resolution, which, in most cases, is worth choosing (if you set the resolution higher than the recommended one, then the text and some elements will become too small and difficult to read, if less than the recommended one, everything on the screen will become large, like the author of the question).

So, let's get down to business...

Ratio to screen diagonal

In general, as I said above, each monitor has its own optimal resolution, which (usually) is what Windows sets by default (by at least if you have everything installed necessary drivers). In some cases this doesn't happen...

Permission is related to monitor diagonal . The larger the diagonal, the higher the resolution, as a rule. If anyone doesn’t know, the diagonal is measured in inches (1 inch = 2.53 cm).

What is diagonal and how is it measured (1 inch = 2.53 cm)

Just below I have given a table that relates the diagonal of the monitor and its resolution (please note that the numbers are relative (although this is most often the case), because each manufacturer sets its own parameters).

Diagonal	Permission	Designation	Format (aspect ratio)
15.0	1024x768	XGA	4:3
15.6 (laptop)	1366x768	HD	16:9
17.0	1280x1024	SXGA	5:4
17.0	1440x900	WXGA+	16:10
17.3 (laptop)	1600:900 or	Full HD	16:9
19.0	1280x1024	SXGA	5:4
19.0	1440x900	WXGA+	16:10
20.1	1400x1050	SXGA+	4:3
20.1	1680x1050	WSXGA+	16:10
20.1	1600x1200	UXGA	4:3
20.8	2048x1536	QXGA	4:3
21.0	1680x1050	WSXGA+	16:10
21.3	1600x1200	UXGA	4:3
22.0	1680x1050	WSXGA+	16:10
22.2	3840x2400	WQUXGA	16:10
23.0	1920x1200	WUXGA	16:10
24.0	1920x1200	WUXGA	16:10
26.0	1920x1200	WUXGA	16:10
27.0	1920x1200	WUXGA	16:10
30.0	2560x1600	WQXGA+	16:10

Also, monitors can have different aspect ratios (square-shaped, elongated rectangular, etc.). The table below just links the resolution to the aspect ratio.

Setting the optimal resolution

By the way, to find out the current monitor resolution, you can use online services:

Important!

If you don't have video driver icons in the tray, desktop, or panel Windows management- most likely you do not have video drivers.

Also, if they are not there, you will not be able to change the resolution (there will simply not be an optimal option in the list). Until you install new drivers (or update the “old ones”), the problem cannot be fixed.

I have a detailed article on updating video adapter drivers on my blog, I recommend you read it:

In the IntelHD video driver (nVidia, AMD)

This is one of the most simple ways quickly change many screen parameters: resolution, brightness, contrast, color scheme, sweep frequency, etc.

If you have a video driver installed, then you just need to use the tray icon next to the clock (or click right click mouse anywhere on the desktop). In my case it is IntelHD, in yours it may also be AMD ( Ati Radeon), or nVidia (GeForce).

In the settings, as a rule, you need to open the main parameters section (in IntelHD this is “Basic Settings”. In general, many parameters and menu variations depend on the version of your video driver: all possible options to provide in the article is unrealistic ☺).

You need to alternately change the resolution - choose the one that is most convenient and comfortable for work. Focus first on what is recommended. If the elements on the screen are too small, try moving the resolution down 1-2 points, making it a little smaller.

On Windows 7

If you have Windows 7, then you just need to right-click in any free space desktop, and select “Screen Resolution” in the menu that appears, see screenshot below.

Next, in the "Resolution" tab, you can see what you have selected in current time, and what else can be installed. The optimal resolution is usually marked as “Recommended” (see screenshot below). Most often, they choose either best option, or 1-2 points lower (so that the picture and text on the screen are larger, relevant for monitors with a large diagonal).

Screen customization in Windows 7

On Windows 8/10

Press a combination of buttons Win+R, then enter the command desk.cpl and press Enter. See screenshot below.

Next, the “Screen” section will open and you can change many parameters: brightness, text (font) size, resolution, etc. Open Extra options, see what permissions you can set (see example below).

By the way, if you don’t have such a list, and the optimal resolution is not indicated at all, most likely (as I said above) you simply don’t have a video driver. Try updating it (I provided the link to the article above).

Important!

If you have an old CRT monitor (these are so thick ☺, there are few of them now, but they are used in some places) - be sure to check sweep frequency (measured in Hz).

This parameter should not be less than 85 Hz (at 60 Hz, the flickering of the monitor is very noticeable, which causes discomfort and). It's even better if you set it to 100 Hz.

Instructions

If you are working on a computer with installed system Windows 7, then most likely change the resolution monitor you will not have to. operating system Windows 7 is good, among other things, because it itself installs the necessary drivers for the video card and monitor, and also selects the optimal one for your monitor screen resolution.

However, if the need to change the resolution still arises, go to the desktop and right-click on it. A drop-down menu will appear on the screen, from which select the line “ Permission screen" (you can also get to this menu item through "Start - Control Panel - Appearance - Adjust screen resolution").

In the window that opens you will see your current settings. The “Screen” line must indicate the name monitor, which you are using, in the line " Permission» - screen resolution set to currently, in the “Orientation” line - the orientation of your screen (“landscape” or “portrait”). Typically, in the line " Permission"next to the current dimensions in brackets is indicated "recommended" - that is, this is the resolution that the system considers most suitable for your monitor. If you want to change it, click on this line and drag the slider with the mouse to the value you need.

Click the "Apply" button. The selected settings will take effect immediately and a window will appear asking “Save these screen settings?” You can choose "Save" or "Cancel". If you do nothing, the change will be canceled after a few seconds.

If the new resolution suits you, click “Save”, followed by the “OK” button.

When running on systems older than Windows 7, it may indeed be necessary to manually change the resolution monitor, since these systems do not always select the optimal option. To do this, right-click on the desktop on any empty space and select "Properties".

In the window that opens, go to the “Options” tab. The type of your monitor, under which there is a section “ Permission screen." Here, use the slider to select the resolution you need, then click “Apply” and, if the selected resolution suits you, the “OK” button. After this, the selected resolution will take effect.

Sources:

• how to change monitor resolution

If permission screen monitor does not meet your requirements, you can change it in the settings of the computer’s operating system. With its change, the clarity of the display of texts will change and the number of elements that can be placed on the desktop space will change.

Instructions

In Windows XP, the resolution is selected in the properties window screen, to launch which you need to right-click on the workspace free of shortcuts and in context menu select the “Properties” line. In the settings window screen go to the “Settings” tab. You can get to this tab in another way: press the WIN key and launch the control panel, and in it click the “Appearance and Themes” link. In the “Select a task” list there will be the line you need “Change screen».

Section "Resolution" screen" is located in the lower left part of the Settings tab. Move the slider with the left mouse button and select desired value and click the OK (or Apply) button. The utility will change permission and will open a dialog box with a timer - if you don’t like the look of the desktop in the selected resolution screen, then you don’t need to press anything. Without receiving confirmation, the utility will return the previous value and you can try another option.

Sometimes permissions screen contains only a few values, none of which provide acceptable image quality. Typically this means that the OS is using

HOW TO LEARN TO WORK ON A COMPUTER IN TWO HOURS

Can a common person master a computer in two hours? Surely the majority will answer this question in the negative. I have a different opinion. If children begin to play with a computer as soon as they can walk, then why do many middle-aged and older people have difficulty mastering this complex household tool? I believe that the reason for this is the lack of a professional approach to the computer training system.

Ordinary people from post-Soviet countries, whose knowledge was laid back in Soviet times, are simply accustomed to thinking in other categories. Their consciousness has a different terminology, they are used to thinking by other criteria (more precisely, by other templates). What happens when they pick up any book on computers? The first thing they encounter is obscure terms that mean even less clear categories. Interface, modem, processor, controller, etc. - all this scares away and discourages anyone from taking up computer skills. And sometimes these terms even have multiple meanings (for example, the word “processor” as such, and the same word in the phrase “ word processor"already have different meanings). Are children really learning computers with the help of these tedious technical books and memorizing these incomprehensible terms? Yes, of course not. For them, a computer is a toy that needs to be played with according to certain rules (the word algorithm is still unclear to many of them).

Let me start with the fact that I needed to teach my father, who is 87 years old, to play chess on his own with a computer. To do this, I wrote instructions that formed the basis of this article. In addition, I have a friend who is afraid of the computer like fire, and any suggestion to use the computer triggers a defensive reaction in him, and he immediately declares, “I don’t need that.” Therefore, I decided to post on the website the instructions that I wrote for my 87-year-old father, and with which he could easily use my computer.

The purpose of this article is to help middle-aged and older people, and possibly children, master this incomprehensible thing - a computer in a few hours. I say again, if you have reached my site, then you do not need this article. But on the other hand, your younger brother, father or friend, for whom you naturally do not have time, may need it.

To learn how to use a computer (as they say now, to master a computer at the level of a novice user), you need to learn to do four things:

1. Turn on the computer.

2. Launch the program you need (it’s best to start with a simple game). In most cases application programs, installed on your computer, are indicated by a small image (pictogram or icon) that is reflected (highlighted, you can call it whatever you want) on the computer desktop (you will find the concept of this term below, but don’t get too hung up on it for now).

3. Turn off the program you are running. This operation is called “close the program”.

4. Turn off the computer.

First, let's look at a few concepts. Apparently, I also cannot do without theory; this is probably how we, people of the older generation, are structured. But I assure you, the theory will not take more than five minutes and, perhaps, will help some people master the computer faster. What is a computer? This is a thing that usually consists of a small box (it's called a system unit) and a screen (it's called a monitor). It happens that both the system unit and the monitor are combined with each other. Then such a computer, depending on its size, can be called a laptop, netbook, tablet, smartphone, communicator, or something else. The image that appears on the monitor screen after turning on the computer and after all transient processes have completed is called the desktop (see Fig. 1). everything that is shown in Fig. 1 is the desktop. Of course, the desktop images may differ for each computer.

Elements of Fig. 1 that are necessary for the first lesson: 1 - pictograms (icons) of programs; 2 - Solitaire game icon; 3 - Start button.

Any computer can only work with programs. Roughly speaking, programs are the rules by which a computer operates. If there are no rules, the computer will not work. Programs, in general, can be divided into two types. The first type is the operating system - this is main program, which is “put into” the computer so that it can work. The job of the operating system is to manage all other programs. The second type is application programs (roughly they can be called auxiliary programs), with the help of these programs specific tasks are performed on the computer (watching movies, photos, listening to music, playing various games, etc.). Well, that’s probably all, the theory is over for today. Let's move on to practice.

In order to use the computer, you first need to turn it on. To do this on any computer, as well as on any household appliance or in any electronic toy, there is special button turning on the power supply. Typically this button is located on system unit. For your specific computer, you will find the location of this button in its operating instructions (description), or ask a more experienced friend, but be sure to remember where it is located, otherwise you will not be able to turn on your computer again.

After you turn on your computer, a cursor will appear on its screen (usually a small inclined arrow, but it can also be something else - a cross or a vertical line). Owners of tablets or smartphones do not have a cursor; its task is performed by your finger or a stylus (a special plastic stick). The cursor is controlled using the so-called mouse, moving which along a flat surface leads to the movement of the cursor on the desktop. The program you need is launched by hovering the cursor over the icon of this program and double click(by clicking or clicking) the left mouse button (LMB) while holding the cursor on the icon of the program you have selected. The image that appears on the monitor after the completion of transient processes when starting the program is called the program window. In our case, I launched the Solitaire game, using the corresponding icon (see 2 Fig. 1), selecting it from many other icons (see 1 Fig. 1) and received the Solitaire program window Fig. 2. How to work with a specific program is another question, and perhaps in my other lessons for beginners, I will try to describe this process for the most popular programs. In order to launch a program, owners of tablets (smartphones, etc.) need to touch the icon of the required program with a stylus (or finger).

So, in the screenshot of Fig. 2 (by the way, the screenshot is taken using special program, designed specifically for this purpose) presents the popular game “solitaire”, which you can learn to play by consulting with a computer user of any level, even with a neighbor boy. Why do I recommend starting to learn a computer with a game? Yes, because it will not be so tedious, you will quickly learn how to operate the mouse and will be able to master the first basics of the process of communicating with a computer.

To turn off the computer, just move the cursor to the “Start” button on the desktop and press the left mouse button once while holding the cursor on this button. The “Start” button is a small picture in the lower left corner (see 3 Fig. 1), it can have the shape of a circle, like mine, or a rectangle. It depends on the operating system that is on your computer. After you click the start button (left-click with the cursor hovering over the “Start” button), depending on your computer, you will see a small window (Fig. 3), in which you must select “Shut down” (or “Turn off the computer”) (see 1 Fig. 3). If you move the cursor over it (on this inscription) and press the left mouse button, the computer will turn off after a while. Please note that on your computer the image in Fig. 3 may differ from mine, but you still need to look for the words “Shut down” or “Turn off the computer”. I also want to draw your attention to the fact that the “Start” button is not the button with which you turned on the computer, that button is real and is called the power button, and this drawn one is called the “Start” button. It would probably be more correct to call this button the Power Off button (although it has other purposes).

If you did all this on your own, congratulations, you can already be classified as a novice user.

I intentionally missed one point in these instructions. This is shutting down the program you are running. For most programs this is not necessary, but there are programs in which it is necessary to save the current settings so as not to start the work (game) all over again. But the order in which parameters are saved is individual for each program, and the order in which this operation is performed must be considered when studying specific program. And to turn off (end) a program, it is usually enough (this applies to most, but still not all programs) to point at the white cross in the red rectangle, which is located in the right top corner program window (see 1 Fig. 2) and press the left mouse button. And it would be nice if the user made it a habit to close all programs he was running, although, I repeat, this is not necessary.

Itsenko Alexander Ivanovich

This article belongs to the series of articles “ Computer training " or " Master a computer in two hours " Other articles from this series:

Have you never worked with a computer? You look with envy at the teenagers tapping on their keyboards, who in a matter of seconds find any information they are interested in, communicate online with friends or play games unknown to you. computer games? Do you dream of purchasing a laptop (or do you already have one? new computer) and learn to do your work with their help at the level of a confident PC user, discovering a boundless world worldwide network Internet? Do you want to improve your professional level and learn the secrets of working with Word, Excel, Outlook Express- programs you need to daily work? Come to our computer courses!

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Start dates

PC course program for beginners

1 lesson. operating room Microsoft system Windows.
1.1.Basic concepts (file, folder, desktop, taskbar, shortcut, window).
1.2.Desktop.
1.3.Structure of a Windows window.
1.4. Units of information
1.5.Use help system.

Lesson 2. Program "Explorer", "This Computer".
2.1.Creating folders; movement.
2.2.Deleting and copying a file and group of files
2.3. Working with USB flash drives.
2.4.Creating a shortcut on the desktop.
2.5.Setting up the mouse, keyboard, date and time, monitor.
2.6.Installation and removal of programs.

Lesson 3. Program Microsoft Office Word.
3.1.Structure of the Word program window.
3.2.Text input.
3.3.Selecting text
3.4.Editing text
3.5.Working with fonts.

Lesson 4. Microsoft program Office Word. (Continuation)
4.1.Saving, opening, creating a new document
4.2.Paragraph formatting
4.3.Text alignment.
4.4.Setting page parameters.
4.5.Preview of the document.
4.6.Print a document.

Lesson 5. Microsoft Office Word program. (Continuation)
5.1.Creating a frame and background.
5.2.Inserting pictures
5.3.Inserting shapes
5.4. Spell check.
5.5.Auto-change.
5.6.Upper and lower indices.
5.7.Page numbering.
5.8.Creating headers and footers.
5.9.Inserting symbols.
5.10.Changing the case of text.

Lesson 6. Microsoft Office Excel program.
6.1.Program interface
6.2.Entering data and editing cell contents.
6.3.Formatting cells (borders, fill, data format).
6.4.Setting page parameters.
6.5.Preview.
6.6.Print a document.
6.7.Creating number sequences.
6.8.Creating formulas.
6.9.Copying formulas. 6.10.Using autosum.
6.11.Creating formulas using the Function Wizard.
6.12.Working with sheets (inserting, renaming, deleting, moving, copying).

Lesson 7. Internet and email.
7.1.Basic terminology of the Internet.
7.2.Connecting to the Internet.
7.3. Browser programs Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome.
7.4.Methods of viewing and searching information
7.5.Saving information on your computer.
7.6.Saving photos, music, videos on your computer.

Lesson 8. Working with email.
8.1. Create your own mailbox.
8.2. Receiving and sending letters using the mailbox.
8.3. Processing letters (changing encoding, sorting, deleting, saving attachments).
8.4.Using and filling out the address book.
8.5.Adding attachments to letters as a file.
8.6.Indicating the importance of the message.
8.7. Purpose of the magazine and favorites folder.
8.8.Introduction to email clients.

Pass. Interview.

Ak.ch.	Base price	Discount	Final cost	Pay
38 academic hours 32 ac. hour.- Auditory lessons 6 ac. hour.- independent studies	7550 rub.		5300 rub.