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Quite a lot of questions always surround the choice of Windows OS: which one is better, which one is faster, and what should I choose for my old laptop, and for my PC, but one OS monitors you, and the other doesn’t, etc.

In this article I want to express my opinion about choosing an OS. I think that the topic will be very useful for many. Even experienced users often change Windows and cannot settle on any specific version (let alone those who are not so familiar with PCs).

Also, the article will probably find a response from those who have recently bought a computer/laptop and are looking for optimal system(so that everything works tolerably and does not slow down).

Perhaps it's time to start (otherwise the introduction is too cumbersome).

Selecting the OS version for a laptop/PC

If we're talking about about the laptop...

First of all, you need to go to official site manufacturer of your device and see which Windows operating systems are there drivers. Because if not official drivers on the OS you want - many problems in the future cannot be ruled out: you will have to look for them from "folk" craftsmen (and they, in most cases, are not stable), failures and crashes are possible, some functions may not work at all.

For example, the screenshot below shows the official DELL website with a driver download section for the model Inspiron laptop 7572. As you can see, official support Available only for Windows 10 64-bit and Ubuntu. The choice is small, and it has already been made for you...

The note!

I would like to add that in some cases, drivers for Windows 10 OS install and work on Windows 7/8 OS, and in some cases they do not. At in cunning ways installations (for example, through importing various backups) - can cause serious errors, and you will have to reinstall the OS...

About the choice between x86 and x64 OS (32/64-bit)

If at the dawn of the advent of x64 systems there were many problems with them, now all this is in the past. For them it’s the same as for x86 - thousands of programs have been released and everything works fine.

The main difference between these systems (if we discard everything unnecessary for the average user) is the number of supported random access memory.

If you have more than 3 GB of RAM - install x64 system. The fact is that the x86 system will not see and will not use more than 3 GB of RAM (if you have 8 GB, say, then 3 GB will be visible and used, and 5 GB will be “lying” as dead weight).

If you have 3 GB RAM or less - it is also possible to install an x64 system, but I would not recommend it. An x86 system is generally less demanding than a similar x64 system. Therefore, in order to improve performance, with this amount of RAM it is better to choose x86.

How to find out the current OS, its bit depth, amount of RAM:

  1. open Explorer (key combination WIN+E);
  2. open "This PC" (located in the menu on the left in Explorer);
  3. In any empty space in the This PC window, click right click mouse and select “Properties” in the pop-up menu;
  4. A window will open in which you can get all the information you need about the OS, processor and RAM (see screenshots below).

About versions Home, Pro, Enterprise, Education

By and large, for most users there is practically no difference which of these versions to choose (the main difference here is for various enterprises and companies, where there are certain problems with the legal registration of this whole “business”, and the need to use remote access to corporate networks, setting up various system policies, etc.).

If we talk about Windows 10, then:

  1. Home - the main version of the OS intended for ordinary users. From Pro versions- it is distinguished by the lack of support for remote access, group policies, data encryption and a number of specials. functions. By and large, all these extras. functions, in most cases, are simply not needed on a home PC;
  2. Pro - all the same functions as in Home, only there is encryption support drive BitLocker, support Hyper-V virtualization, multiple desktops, Azure Active Directory(function for working with cloud services). As I said above, all this is practically not used at home;
  3. Enterprise (or Ent for short) - this version is used in large companies. It has a certain number of unique functions, for example, Direct Access, cloud hosting, Remote Desktop (remote access) etc.
  4. Education - version for educational institutions. Almost the same version as Ent, only this one lacks Cortana (voice assistant).
  5. Mobile - this version is intended for mobile devices: smartphones, tablets, netbooks, etc. Focused on small devices with a screen diagonal of no more than 8 inches, supports touch screens in full.

About choosing between Windows XP/7/8/10

In general, it is wise to choose an OS not only based on your personal desires, but also based on the availability of official drivers (as I said above) and the requirements of the OS itself. There is no point in betting on a weak car modern Windows 10 - and constantly suffer from brakes and freezes...

Below I will give the min. those. requirements for each OS, and I will express my brief reputation for each of them.

Windows XP

The legendary OS, which occupied the palm for about 10 years! Compared to all operating systems that came before it, it has become very stable (the number of errors and crashes has decreased significantly. Windows 98 had to be reinstalled almost every month), friendly to people new to PCs (many actions are quite simple and understandable, there is detailed help on performing many tasks). Perhaps these two qualities allowed it to become one of the most popular OS!

As of today, Microsoft has stopped official support for this OS, so I would recommend installing it on a PC only in exceptional cases: when there are no drivers for a newer OS; old PC with low specifications; or do you need this particular OS to run specific program(although in this case you can resort to ).

Minimum requirements:

  1. Pentium processor with a frequency of 233 MHz;
  2. At least 64 MB of RAM (at least 128 MB recommended);
  3. At least 1.5 GB free space on the hard drive;
  4. CD or DVD drive.

Windows 7

The most popular OS today. Mainly due to the fact that:

  • low system requirements(especially by modern standards). Many users who worked with Windows XP also work with Windows 7;
  • the system is very stable and reliable;
  • high performance (the system is optimized for laptops, which are now very popular);
  • supports many devices without installing drivers (this is generally the most convenient thing! Imagine, if you previously reinstalled Windows XP, it didn’t work for you LAN card because there was no driver for it, and since the card does not work, it means there is no Internet. It's a vicious circle - you can't download the driver, because... The card does not work, and the card needs a driver. With Windows 7 the likelihood of such a problem is MUCH lower)!

IN Lately, I should note that Windows 7 began to lose its popularity: firstly, all new laptops and PCs come with pre-installed Windows 10; secondly, many manufacturers do not release drivers for Windows 7 for their new hardware; thirdly, not all modern equipment works in it.

But overall, I think it will be one of Microsoft's main products for several more years...

System requirements:

  • 1 GHz processor;
  • 1 gigabyte (GB) (32-bit) or 2 GB (64-bit) random access memory (RAM);
  • 16 gigabytes (GB) (for a 32-bit system) or 20 GB (for a 64-bit system) on HDD;
  • DirectX 9 graphics device with WDDM driver version 1.0 or higher.

Windows 8

This system was introduced to users for the first time the new kind design: when you turn on and load the OS, you are presented not with the usual desktop, but with a tiled menu (as in the screenshot below).

On the one hand, it’s convenient, on the other hand, it’s convenient mobile gadgets, but not on PCs/laptops. Because of this tiled menu, the system was subjected to merciless criticism, and I think that is why it did not become such a popular product...

Overall, the system is very stable, productive and reliable. Its capabilities are not inferior to Windows 7 (and rather superior: there are recovery tools, a built-in antivirus/defender, improved performance).

By the way, according to my personal tests and observations, this OS is the fastest when installed on a disk, with booting Windows and turning off the PC (although it only gains a few seconds when loading, but still...). Together with SSD disk the system just flies...

System requirements:

  • CPU. 1 GHz* or higher supporting PAE, NX and SSE2;
  • RAM 1 GB (for 32-bit system) or 2 GB (for 64-bit system);
  • Hard disk space: 16 GB (32-bit) or 20 GB (64-bit);
  • Video adapter: Microsoft DirectX 9 with WDDM driver.

Windows 10

The newest and modern system V Windows line. It has the best stability and reliability (though, in my opinion, it is still inferior in performance to Windows 8).

Many people criticize the system because it "tracks" users. This is partly true... On the other hand, users are “tracked” by both browsers and search engines, and many programs, and some sites on the Internet (I don't follow).

However, now on the network there are many assemblies of systems with pre-configurations, where everything unnecessary is disabled (including surveillance). I think this minus can be crossed out...

In general, if you have modern PC/laptop, I think there should be no problems with installing and using this OS.

Therefore, if you have 2 video cards and you often play, I would recommend Windows 7, or install 2 systems at once (according to at least, please be aware that in some Windows games 10 will not switch the built-in adapter to a discrete one, and brakes may begin).

There are also some problems with supporting old programs: they are not stable and crash. If you switch to this system, perhaps the way out is to use virtual machine: .

Otherwise, this system is rightfully considered the best, and its championship (in my opinion) is just around the corner (unless Microsoft releases a new OS).

Those. requirements:

  • Processor: at least 1.5 GHz or SoC;
  • RAM 1 GB (for 32-bit systems) or 2 GB (for 64-bit systems);
  • Hard disk space: 16 GB (32-bit systems) or 20 GB (64-bit systems);
  • Video adapter: DirectX versions no lower than 9 with WDDM 1.0 driver.
  • Display: 800 x 600.

The article raises a provocative question - so I’ll ask you not to be too rude in the comments.

Good luck to everyone and make the right choice!

In the newest Windows history Its two versions – 7 and 10 – left a bright mark. Each, of course, is the brainchild of its era. But today we are experiencing just the same layering of these eras. Creator operating system– Microsoft is making every effort to send the “Seven” to the past, to a well-deserved rest. The realities of user preferences and (perhaps even to a greater extent) capabilities indicate that it is too early for the “Seven” to retire. Windows 7 and 10 together have long held the lion's share of the desktop operating system market. Each of them has its own ardent adherents, who are not always fair towards the competing version. Below we will try to figure out which version - 7 or 10 - is better, based on the dry facts of their advantages. But first, let's look at the statistics regarding their popularity.

Who is more popular according to statistics?

Statistics service StatCounter, according to data taken only for last month, states the leadership of Windows 10. Occupying 31% of the operating system market, it narrowly defeats Windows 7, which is in second place with a share of 29.2%.

But this victory is freshly baked, not yet established. According to StatCounter for more than a long period– over the last six months - “Ten” gives way to “Seven”. Their market shares are 22% and 39.4% respectively.

Another statistics service, NetMarketShare, identified Windows 7 as the market leader in desktop operating systems based on the results of October 2017. “Seven” took first place with 47% of the market share. “Ten” with its 29% became the second most popular.

As you can see, the results of statistical services differ, which is quite natural, because they form percentage shares based on different operating systems involved in market distribution. Nevertheless, statistics over a long period from both StatCounter and NetMarketShare indicate a victory for Windows 7.

Statistics illuminate real situation cases, which are determined by different circumstances. Someone cannot afford the luxury of switching to the “Ten” due to financial reasons. Someone owns hardware whose manufacturer has not provided drivers for new versions of Windows. And some people simply don’t want to fuss once again without good reason. Which of the two popular versions Windows is better, it is still fairer to evaluate based on the list of their objective advantages.

Benefits of Windows 10

"Ten" is current version operating system from Microsoft now, and also the future of everything Windows family. If we are, of course, talking about the near foreseeable future. This makes it the most interesting platform for developers of modern software and games, as well as for manufacturers of the latest components. Version 10 is a regularly updated system that the developers really support high level security, and also introduce new functionality into it. Very conditional advantages, of course. Its more obvious advantages are:

2. Windows 10 supports both older processors and the newest ones. But more early versions systems will not work with Intel processors Kaby Lake, AMD Bristol Bridge, Snapdragon 820 and, accordingly, with newer products from their manufacturers.

3. The “Ten” has a reduced startup time, implemented partly due to pre-installed technology in the operating system itself (which is based on hibernation mode), and partly due to the reduction in time from the moment the device self-tests to the immediate stage of loading Windows.

4. Windows 10 itself ensures its performance on basic level. During the system installation process, drivers for important components are automatically installed. "Ten" usually does not have problems with the lack of drivers on network adapter, audio card, USB ports 3.0, etc. The system will even install the video driver itself if the computer assembly includes a common video card model. In progress Windows reinstallation 7, alas, in almost every case you need to manually install something.

5. Windows 10 is resistant to changes in computer hardware. Even when replacing motherboard this version of the system usually starts successfully. Whereas in the case of Windows 7, a reinstallation will probably be required. The only thing that the “Ten” will not be able to do is start without a registry tweak after changing the controller hard drive V BIOS settings(from IDE to AHCI and vice versa). But even the “Seven” cannot do this.

6. “Ten” is optimized for multitasking. With many running applications the system will evenly distribute system resources between them to prevent freezing or even crashing. Whereas the “Seven”, designed to squeeze out maximum performance when performing each user task, will not withstand many parallel running applications. Well, with limited hardware capabilities, it will slow down accordingly.

7. Windows 10 is better designed for working with SSD drives, in particular, in terms of delaying the point at which they fail.

8. Delivered on board "Ten" standard antivirus Windows Defender- is far from the primitive instrument that is available on board the Seven. Defender, part of the first one, is actually a full-fledged antivirus with proactive protection that works almost in paranoid mode, and the opportunity autonomous functioning along with a third-party antivirus product.

9. In critical cases, Windows 10 can be returned to its state at the time of installation using not the original distribution, as happens in Windows 8.1, but the latest one, downloaded from a Microsoft resource. And all this in the automatic process of the “New Start” function.

10. In “Ten” you can view the contents of ISO images without third-party software.

11. If the issue is external design Windows design 7 with its Aero Glass and Windows 10 with its now Fluent Design can be classified as “There are no comrades according to taste”, then the advantages of the latter in terms of the convenience of organizing the interface are quite objective things. The "Ten" has the function of multiple desktops, tablet mode, the ability to leave the original scale for individual programs when setting the entire system to an enlarged scale.

And after the implementation of the latest cumulative update, the system also expanded its tools for people with low vision.

Benefits of Windows 7

The “Seven” will not gain 11 points of advantage, but it will be able to oppose the “Ten” with something. And this:

1. Stability comes first. Windows 7 has not been updated functionally for a long time, and developers will ensure that it does not have vulnerabilities until 2020. An operating system left alone with minimal security services is an ideal option for those who would like to eliminate the possibility of becoming an accidental victim of a failed Windows update.

Before Microsoft released Windows Vista, there was a virtual monopoly of Windows XP, and it had no analogues in terms of efficiency. XP was a real breakthrough in the OS market due to its simplicity, versatility and efficiency. After the announced Windows release Vista users pinned their hopes on the fact that it would be a revolutionary project, but the new operating system had a number of serious flaws that cast a shadow on the manufacturer's image. To improve its reputation in the eyes of users, Microsoft developed the Windows 7 project, which became an excuse after failure.

Comparison of Windows XP and Windows 7

Before you do detailed review and comparing each operating system, it is important to determine the most significant parameters for the user. When comparing operating systems, you need to focus on speed, performance and efficiency. In this comparison, licensed versions of operating systems were taken. So, let's begin.

Operation speed

If we talk about installing the OS on a computer, the time is approximately the same. The average installation time for Windows XP is 14–16 minutes, and Windows 7 is 13–17 minutes (measured on the same PC with average specifications). XP loads almost twice as fast as its “little brother”. Thus, the average time for the 32-bit version of Windows XP is 14 seconds, the 64-bit version is 21 seconds, x32 and x64 versions of Windows 7 load in 34 and 37 seconds, respectively. Shutdown of both OS is approximately 7 seconds.

Windows 7 uses 5 times more RAM, which can significantly reduce the speed of a computer with weak technical characteristics. And Windows files 7 takes up 4 times the hard drive space, and the 64-bit version of this OS takes up 7 times. Therefore, it requires more memory to operate, which can cause slowdown on older PCs.

The performance of programs is practically the same on both operating systems. Has greater influence Windows bit depth- x32 or x64. Testing with software utilities confirmed this, with the exception of the 3D Mark test, which showed a slight lag in Windows XP performance. Testing computer games in online and offline modes showed that they run faster on Windows XP than on Windows 7.

Video: comparison of operating system speeds

Performance

Performance evaluation was carried out using special utilities, among which the already mentioned 3DMark of different versions and new development from the same manufacturer - AquaMark 3. Performance test for computer games showed that Windows XP is almost 2 times more productive than Windows 7.

Video: operating system performance comparison

Basic operating system tasks were tested using the HD Benchmark utility. Graphics and processor performance in Windows XP were higher by a minimal margin. But the hard drive performance turned out to be significantly lower than on Windows 7.

Which operating system to choose

Numerous tests have shown that Windows XP runs a bit faster than Windows 7. Regarding OS content software and basic utilities, then Windows 7 wins here. Which is natural, since this version came out later.

Windows 7 has a flaw that can harm laptop owners. After installing this OS, the laptop battery begins to quickly lose capacity, and after a while a notification appears about the need to replace it. Reinstalling the OS will not fix this error in any way, and the only way out The only solution to this situation is to replace the battery. This problem does not occur on all laptops, but the likelihood of its occurrence is high.

On legacy PCs with low Windows performance 7 is slow, so for them XP is the best option. For more powerful computers It is recommended to use Windows 7, as it has greater functionality and supports DirectX 10. The issue of the interface is extremely subjective, since both operating systems are similar, and here everything depends only on the personal preferences and tastes of the users.

Microsoft has stopped Windows support XP April 8, 2014. Since the OS does not have official updates from that date, she became vulnerable. This is especially true for the Internet. The only methods of protection against hacking and viruses for Windows XP are commercial programs and antiviruses. Every year, the likelihood of errors in this operating system increases more and more.

How to switch from Windows XP to Windows 7

Before changing the OS, you need to decide Windows version 7. Different versions differ in bit depth (x32/x64) and set of utilities. It is recommended to choose, taking into account the system requirements of the computer and the purpose of its use, since some versions have a set of utilities that are important for a working PC and unnecessary for home computer. Having decided on the version, download the OS image (it is better to download the licensed version from the official website) and write it to a flash drive or disk. This is done using the UltraISO utility.

How to install Windows 7

There are two ways to reinstall Windows: direct reinstallation and via BIOS. Direct installation is carried out via a disk or flash drive on which an image of the operating system from the desktop is recorded. Just run the installation and follow the prompts to reinstall Windows.

  • Open the OS media through the BIOS. Restart your computer and when it appears dark screen, press the key to load the media (on different models PC this can be Esc, Tab, F2, F9 or F10).
    IN in this case To open the flash drive boot menu, you need to press F12 (bottom)
  • Select your Windows media and press Enter.
    Select from the connected media a flash drive or boot disk With Windows installation 7
  • A menu will appear on the monitor Windows installations 7 with tips, following which you can reinstall the OS.
    Following the prompts, we reinstall the operating system

    • Video: how to install Windows 7

    Summing up, we can conclude that Windows 7 cannot 100% replace its predecessor and is not suitable for everyone. This is especially true for computers with low performance. Windows 7 has a more progressive environment, but at the same time it has drawbacks, which is why experts recommend installing Windows 8 or Windows 10 after Windows XP. These operating systems are fundamentally different from their predecessors and have a wide range of functions and tools for work.
    

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