Simple Charger for nickel-zinc batteries on TP4056

An experiment in the operation of nickel-zinc batteries, begun last year, led to the search for a charger. The first charge was made from the power supply. Having connected the elements in series in a ready-made Chinese holder, a voltage of 3.8 volts was applied to them according to the recommendations to charge each with a voltage of 1.9 volts. The end of the charge was monitored by a drop in the charging current.

Subsequently, we came up with a universal charger on a microcontroller, the prototype of which is described. They can charge any battery, from the usual nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride to lithium and even lead. At the same time, the filled milliamp-hours are counted, and for testing and restoration there is a discharge mode with a similar calculation. This significantly simplified the process, but somehow I needed to charge another set of Ni-Zn, and I was too lazy to assemble another universal charger, especially since I just needed a charge without special control and monitoring.

Thoughts immediately crept in, is it possible to somehow remake the popular Chinese lithium charging module on the TP4056 chip? The voltage difference is 0.4 volts. But the TP4056 does not have a separate input for monitoring voltage; all this is located inside the chip. Therefore, I thought, is it possible to somehow extinguish the extra fractions of volts? For such things, diodes with their voltage drop are often used. This parameter is also called the forward voltage of the diode and is given in the datasheet in the form of a graph of the current-voltage characteristic. Having studied these graphs, it became clear that only Schottky diodes have the required voltage drop: at low currents it is precisely in the region of 0.4 volts.

For testing, we chose a 1N5818 diode, connecting it in series with the batteries being charged. In the Chinese module, the current-setting resistor was replaced from 1.2 kOhm to 2.55 kOhm for a current of around 500 mA. The idea partially worked, but at a low current - 50 mA at the end of charging - the battery stood for too long - more than 2 hours, and only 0.5 V was missing to fully charge. If you hold it for a while longer, the batteries will probably be fully charged after some time, and this charging mode is most likely correct. The voltage across two nickel-zinc batteries connected in series should be 3.8 volts, which corresponds to 1.9 volts per battery. After this, they should be allowed to “sit down” until the voltage drops to 1.6 volts, and they can be used.

The charger obtained in this way is apparently the simplest and cheapest option with decent functionality. Ready-made chargers for NiZn on Ali, for example, cost according to the batteries themselves. And if the module used here is supplemented with a popular USB tester, you will get an even more functional charger.

On module with

I dug up my old one Olympus Camedia C-500 Zoom, which I thought for a long time was not working, because of one glitch, if you can call it that... When I turned on the camera, it quickly discharged or did not turn on at all. But until recently, testing it for various batteries batteries and batteries, I determined that the problem was not the camera at all, but the low voltage in the Ni-Mh batteries.

The Olympus C-500 works great on alkaline batteries, but with Ni-Cd and Ni-Mh batteries it refuses to turn on, or rather, not with all batteries. Checking the differences technical characteristics and comparing with reference (working batteries), it was noticed that for many batteries the voltage drops significantly under load, since for Ni-Cd and Ni-Mh it is 1.2 Volts. And then I thought about replacing them with alternative rechargeable power sources on NIZN batteries+ review from me.

NIZN (NI-ZN) batteries - nickel-zinc batteries, unlike Ni-Cd and Ni-Mh:

1. produce 1.6 Volts rather than 1.2, which makes them an ideal solution for
2. NiZn has high voltage and at the end of the discharge
3. short resource (250-370 charge-discharge cycles)
4. deliver 80-85% of the specified energy
5. To achieve the MAX number of cycles, it is recommended to charge at 80-90%
6. small internal resistance(milliohm units) = high charging and discharging currents
7. standard charging in 2 hours
8. Charge up to 1.8 Volts and wait until it drops to 1.6 - DO NOT CHARGE!

Have NIZN batteries memory

No! NIZN batteries no memory effect, which was present in Ni-Cd, now you don’t have to control the charge-discharge process and before discharging the batteries if in a consumer (for example, a photo camera)

NIZN batteries buy

Today you can buy in Chinese trading platforms. On Aliexpress there is a good, trusted seller of batteries under the PKCELL brand (manufacturer’s official website www.pkcell.net), which has already come under test review on the site mysku.ru users Romanin And Melafon:

Charging NIZN

The manufacturer PKCELL offers its own charger solution for its NIZN batteries, but I insist that you do without them and read a few recommendations for charging NIZN without the charger offered by the manufacturer:

1. According to maximum voltage. If your charger supports it, set the voltage limit to 1.9 Volts. (Voltage Cut-Off).
2. Same as in the first case, set the charger to the Ni-CD/Ni-MH CV charging function mode ( constant pressure) . Set the cutoff voltage to 1.9 V on the “can.”)
3. Limitation on charge capacity, everything is simple here, turn off the mode and indicate the recommended 80-90% capacity.
4. Can be charged using charging mode LiFe batteries, but be careful - in this mode the number of Ni-Zn batteries should be two per LiFe can.
5. Knowing the constant charging current of the charger, you can track the charging process over time.

The charger for Ni-Zn can be assembled using a very simple scheme:

You can make a replacement in the circuit, which will make it cheaper and simpler:

1. Replace the 2S107A zener diode with a 240 Ohm 0.125 W resistor
2. Resistor k47 (470 Ohm) leave 0.125 W
3. capacitor m1 (0.1 µF) remove
4. Resistance 1.0E (1 Ohm) is closed, thereby eliminating it from the circuit

In this case, the output voltage will be 1.888 Volts, which is even better. At fully charged battery charge current will tend to zero.

I managed to charge the Ni-Zn using the Chinese smart charger BM110, despite the seller’s promise to support only Ni-Cd and Ni-Mh batteries, during the charging process the BM110 finished charging when the voltage on the NiZn battery reached 1.9 volts.

ONE BUT, we insert the batteries and BM110 shows Full, but it's worth the button MODE enable mode CHARGE and the charging process will start, taking into account the NiZn battery, which will last until the voltage reaches 1.9 volts.

The BM110 charger was purchased on Aliexpress from a seller Shenzhen City Boda International Trading Co.,Ltd. product link BM110 Intelligent Digital Battery Charger Tester LCD Multifunction for 4 AA AAA Rechargeable AKKU +free shipping. (bought for $31.29, today the product price is $24.34)

The discharge has not yet been tested, but there is a review from a real user:

It is better to use a special one from hobbits. But during the experiment, BM110 fully charged NiZn and then discharged it, showing the declared capacity. True, there is no guarantee that it will not kill them during long-term use. But it can be used as a temporary one.

- guru (forum user forum.trackchecker.ru)

It is important to know

Do not allow the discharge voltage to fall below 1.5 Volts, then the voltage drops rapidly and 1.3 seems to be the limit, but I don’t recommend taking it to that level. There is a good graph on the discharge of Ni-Zn batteries on this topic.

Presented here:

1. discharge 10 pcs. Ni-Zn batteries PowerGenix (blue graphs)
2. discharge 10 pcs. Eneloop Ni-Mh batteries (black graphs)

The PKCELL Ni-Zn batteries I purchased showed 1.74 Volts, the seller supplied them in the packaging shown above or, in my case, in a transparent heat-shrinkable bag.

The actual capacity of the PKCELL batteries I purchased is 1500 mA, according to measurements the charge is the discharge of BM110:

The photo shows the very moment when the discharge on some batteries has already ended, while others are about to start charging or have already begun.

Perhaps this was done to compete with the capacity of Ni-Mh batteries. The indicators are not bad, judging by information from other sources, since these are normal indicators of their capacity (see.

For a full fifty years, portable devices for battery life could rely solely on nickel-cadmium power supplies. But cadmium is a very toxic material, and in the 1990s, nickel-cadmium technology was replaced by the more environmentally friendly nickel-metal hydride technology. In essence, these technologies are very similar, and most of the characteristics of nickel-cadmium batteries were inherited by nickel-metal hydride batteries. Nevertheless, for some applications, nickel-cadmium batteries remain indispensable and are still used today.

1. Nickel-cadmium batteries (NiCd)

Invented by Waldmar Jungner in 1899, the nickel-cadmium battery had several advantages over the lead-acid battery, the only battery then available, but was more expensive due to the cost of materials. The development of this technology was quite slow, but in 1932 a significant breakthrough was made - a porous material with an active substance inside began to be used as an electrode. A further improvement was made in 1947 and solved the problem of gas absorption, allowing for the modern sealed, maintenance-free nickel-cadmium battery.

For many years, NiCd batteries have served as power sources for two-way radios, emergency medical equipment, professional video cameras and power tools. In the late 1980s, ultra-high-capacity NiCd batteries were developed and shocked the world with a capacity that was 60% higher than a standard battery. This was achieved by placing more active substance in the battery, but it also added disadvantages - the internal resistance increased and the number of charge/discharge cycles decreased.

NiCd standard remains one of the most reliable and unpretentious among batteries, and the airline industry remains committed to this system. However, the longevity of these batteries depends on proper maintenance. NiCd, and partly NiMH batteries, are subject to a “memory” effect, which leads to loss of capacity if not periodically full cycle discharge. If the recommended charging mode is violated, the battery seems to remember that in previous operating cycles its capacity was not fully used, and when discharged, it releases electricity only to a certain level. ( See: How to restore a nickel battery). Table 1 lists the advantages and disadvantages of a standard nickel-cadmium battery.

Advantages

Reliable; a large number of cycles with proper maintenance The only battery capable of ultra fast charging with minimal stress Good load characteristics, forgives their exaggeration Long shelf life; Possibility of storage in a discharged state No special requirements for storage and transportation Good performance at low temperatures Lowest cost per cycle of any battery Available in a wide range of sizes and designs

Flaws

Relatively low specific energy consumption compared to newer systems “Memory” effect; the need for periodic maintenance to avoid it Cadmium is toxic and requires special disposal High self-discharge; needs recharging after storage Low cell voltage of 1.2 volts, requires building multi-cell systems to provide high voltage

Table 1: Advantages and disadvantages of nickel-cadmium batteries.

2. Nickel metal hydride batteries (NiMH)

Research into nickel-metal hydride technology began back in 1967. However, the instability of the metal hydride hampered development, which in turn led to the development of the nickel-hydrogen (NiH) system. New hydride alloys discovered in the 1980s solved safety problems and made it possible to create a battery with a specific energy density 40% greater than that of standard nickel-cadmium.

Nickel-metal hydride batteries are not without their drawbacks. For example, their charging process is more complex than NiCd. With a self-discharge of 20% in the first day and a subsequent monthly discharge of 10%, NiMH occupy one of the leading positions in its class. By modifying the hydride alloy, it is possible to reduce self-discharge and corrosion, but this will add the disadvantage of reducing the specific energy intensity. But when used in electric vehicles, these modifications are very useful, as they increase reliability and increase battery life.

3. Use in the consumer segment

NiMH batteries in this moment are among the most easily accessible. Industry giants such as Panasonic, Energizer, Duracell and Rayovac have recognized the need for an inexpensive and durable battery in the market, and offer NiMH power supplies in different sizes, particularly AA and AAA. Manufacturers spend great effort, to win market share from alkaline batteries.

In this market segment, nickel-metal hydride batteries are an alternative to rechargeable batteries. alkaline batteries, which appeared back in 1990, but due to limited life cycle and weak load characteristics were not successful.

Table 2 compares the specific energy content, voltage, self-discharge and operating time of batteries and accumulators in the consumer segment. Available in AA, AAA and other sizes, these power supplies can be used in portable devices. Even though they may have slightly different voltage ratings, the discharge state will generally occur at the same actual voltage value of 1 V for all. This voltage range is acceptable because portable devices have some flexibility in terms of voltage range. The main thing is that you need to use only the same type together electrical elements. Safety issues and voltage incompatibilities hamper development lithium ion batteries in AA and AAA standard sizes.

Table 2: Comparison of various AA batteries.

* Eneloop is a trademark of Sanyo Corporation based on NiMH system.

NiMH's high self-discharge rate is a source of ongoing consumer concern. Lantern or portable device with a NiMH battery will run out if not used for several weeks. The suggestion to charge the device before each use is unlikely to find understanding, especially in the case of flashlights that are positioned as sources of backup lighting. The advantage of an alkaline battery with a shelf life of 10 years seems indisputable here.

Nickel-metal hydride batteries from Panasonic and Sanyo under the Eneloop brand have been able to significantly reduce self-discharge. Eneloop can be stored between charges six times longer than conventional NiMH. But the disadvantage of such an improved battery is a slightly lower specific energy intensity.

Table 3 shows the advantages and disadvantages of the nickel-metal hydride electrochemical system. The table does not include the characteristics of Eneloop and other consumer brands.

Advantages	30-40 percent higher capacity compared to NiCd Less prone to “memory” effect, can be restored Simple requirements for storage and transportation; lack of regulation of these processes Environmentally friendly; contain only moderately toxic materials Nickel content makes recycling self-sustaining Wide operating temperature range
Flaws	Limited service life; deep discharges help reduce it Complex charging algorithm; sensitive to overcharge Special requirements for the charging mode Generate heat when quickly charged and discharged by a powerful load High self-discharge Coulomb efficiency at 65% (compared to lithium-ion - 99%)

Table 3: Advantages and disadvantages of NiMH batteries.

4. Nickel-iron batteries (NiFe)

After the invention of the nickel-cadmium battery in 1899, Swedish engineer Waldmar Jungner continued his research and tried to replace expensive cadmium with cheaper iron. But the low charge efficiency and excessive hydrogen gas formation forced him to abandon further development NiFe batteries. He didn't even bother to patent this technology.

An iron-nickel (NiFe) battery uses nickel oxide hydrate as the cathode, iron as the anode, and an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte. The cell of such a battery generates a voltage of 1.2 V. NiFe is resistant to excessive overcharging and deep discharge; can be used as backup source supply for more than 20 years. Vibration resistance and high temperatures made this battery the most used in the mining industry in Europe; It has also found its application to provide power to railway signaling, and is also used as a traction battery for forklifts. It may be noted that during World War II, it was iron-nickel batteries that were used in the German V-2 rocket.

NiFe has a low power density of approximately 50 W/kg. Disadvantages also include poor performance at low temperatures and a high self-discharge rate (20-40 percent per month). This, coupled with the high cost of production, is what encourages manufacturers to remain faithful to lead-acid batteries.

But the iron-nickel electrochemical system is actively developing and in the near future it can become an alternative to lead-acid in some industries. The experimental model of the lamellar design looks promising; it managed to reduce the self-discharge of the battery, it became practically immune to the harmful effects of over- and undercharging, and its service life is expected to be 50 years, which is comparable to the 12-year service life of a lead-acid battery in work with deep cyclic discharges. The expected price of such a NiFe battery will be comparable to the price of a lithium-ion battery, and only four times higher than the price of a lead-acid battery.

NiFe batteries, as well as NiCd And NiMH, require special charging rules - the voltage curve has a sinusoidal shape. Accordingly, use the charger for lead acid or lithium-ion the battery will not work, it may even cause harm. Like all nickel-based batteries, NiFe is susceptible to overcharging - it causes decomposition of the water in the electrolyte and leads to its loss.

Reduced as a result improper use The capacity of such a battery can be restored by applying high discharge currents (commensurate to the value of the battery capacity). This procedure should be carried out up to three times with a discharge period of 30 minutes. You should also monitor the temperature of the electrolyte - it should not exceed 46°C.

5. Nickel-zinc batteries (NiZn)

A nickel-zinc battery is similar to a nickel-cadmium battery in that it uses an alkaline electrolyte and a nickel electrode, but differs in voltage - NiZn provides 1.65 V per cell, while NiCd and NiMH have a rating of 1.20 V per cell. It is necessary to charge the NiZn battery DC with a voltage value of 1.9 V per cell, it is also worth remembering that this type of battery is not designed to operate in recharging mode. The specific energy intensity is 100 W/kg, and the number of possible cycles is 200-300 times. NiZn does not contain toxic materials and can be easily recycled. Available in various sizes, including AA.

In 1901, Thomas Edison received a US patent for a rechargeable nickel-zinc battery. His designs were later improved by Irish chemist James Drumm, who installed these batteries on railcars that ran on the Dublin-Bray route from 1932 to 1948. NiZn was not properly developed due to strong self-discharge and short life cycle caused by dendritic formations, which also often resulted in short circuit. But improvements in electrolyte composition have reduced this problem, prompting NiZn to be considered again for commercial use. Low cost, high power output and wide operating temperature range make this electrochemical system extremely attractive.

6. Nickel-hydrogen (NiH) batteries

When development of nickel-metal hydride batteries began in 1967, researchers encountered the instability of metal hydrites, causing a shift toward development of the nickel-hydrogen (NiH) battery. The cell of such a battery includes an electrolyte encapsulated in a vessel, nickel and hydrogen (hydrogen is enclosed in a steel cylinder under a pressure of 8207 bar) electrodes.

General characteristics of Nickel-zinc batteries:

Battery type: AA

Type of chemical element: Nickel-Zinc (Ni-Zn).
-Current capacity: 1500 milliamps per hour
-Power: 2500 milliwatts per hour.
-Charging time with a standard charger is 5-6 hours or with a non-standard charger from 3 to 24 hours.
-Number of charge-discharge cycles 500. (up to 3 years of operation)

Manufacturers: BPI, PKCELL

The batteries are charged using a special charger suitable only for NI-ZN batteries, and Ni-Mh batteries cannot be charged in this type of charger.

There are special universal chargers that are suitable for NI-ZN, Ni-Mh and Li-ion\Li-Pol batteries.

Well, those chargers that are only suitable for NI-MH batteries and do not have an intelligent charging function with the ability to select the final cut-off voltage can charge NI-ZN batteries up to a maximum of 50%.

Intelligent Z.U. for NI-MH are capable of fully charging such NI-ZN batteries when the full charge cutoff voltage is set at 1.85-1.95 V.

WHOLESALE SALES OF NI-ZN AA BATTERIES FROM 20 PCS at a cost of 180 RUB/piece.

All batteries that come to us undergo quality control. We check batteries according to the following characteristics:

1) Output voltage.

2) Ability to hold a charge.

3) We charge all batteries before sending them to the owner.

4) Our couriers who delivered you new Ni-Zn batteries do not take tips, but they accept old used AA and AAA batteries, as part of the green planet program, for subsequent recycling (no more than 30 pcs per client). The program for receiving old food items applies only to Moscow.

5) We deliver this product to regions of Russia. See the "Delivery" section of the site.

We have all had occasion to insert AA batteries into the camera, and often we had to replace them with batteries, losing the most precious frames, due to the fact that the batteries do not produce enough voltage for the camera to function properly. The batteries are only 50-60% discharged and the camera is already turning off.

Or even worse: I charged the batteries a week ago, preparing everything in advance, but when it came to shooting, the batteries couldn’t take photos at a quarter of their capacity - the batteries died, again due to high degree self discharge. All this happens because the output voltage after 10 minutes of operation on the batteries dropped below critical, and the camera turned on.

Disadvantages of Ni-Zn batteries:

- when working in devices that do not have the ability to automatically turn off the power when the Ni-Zn battery is discharged, there is every chance of destroying the battery due to deep overdischarge, below 0.8-1V. We often encountered this phenomenon when using AA/AAA Ni-Zn in children's railway and old flashlights.

But these batteries also have undeniable advantages.

- They are not afraid of frost.

- They deliver good current until the very moment of discharge.

- Keep the voltage at least 1.2-1.4 V until the discharge.

- They have a good average capacity.

- No memory effect.

- The actual operating history of this type of Ni-Zn battery is more than 3 years.

- The total number of charge-discharge cycles is about 300 cycles, maintaining 80-85% of the capacity.

Methods for charging Ni-Zn AA or AAA batteries:

Among the traditional methods of charging Ni-Zn batteries, you can consider purchasing a native charger for Ni-Zn batteries or a non-native multifunctional charger. Both options charge nickel-zinc batteries normally. It is possible to charge Ni-Zn AA and AAA batteries in a non-standard way, through smart chargers like the IMAX B6. There you can select the charge currents, but be careful to turn off the power in a timely manner so as not to overcharge the nickel-zinc battery and kill it.

-Improving the performance of electrical appliances using Ni-Zn type AA batteries.

(For example) - radio station midland 900 will continue to charge.

The reception/transmission area of ​​the radio station will increase by at least 300-500 m, and up to 1000-2000 m at a direct distance.

Tested in experiments in comparison with Ni-Mh batteries.

(Attention: not all devices are designed to work with Ni-Zn batteries).

Nickel-zinc Ni-Zn batteries do not like to be overcharged.

This type of reusable batteries, after the main charging time from the mains, quickly loses its performance characteristics in terms of its capacity if the NI-Zn battery was charging beyond its rated charging time. Unfortunately, these are the properties of this material; therefore, special chargers are purchased specifically for these types of AA Ni-Zn/ AA batteries.

Review of specific NiZn batteries.
Looking ahead, you can use it, but be careful =)

What kind of miracle is this:
A nickel-zinc battery is a chemical current source in which zinc is the anode, potassium hydroxide with the addition of lithium hydroxide is the electrolyte, and nickel oxide is the cathode. Often abbreviated NiZn. In general this is new - well forgotten old once invented by Edison.
Advantages: high operating voltage (1.6 V; the highest of alkaline batteries)
Disadvantages: short resource (250-370 charge-discharge cycles).

Appearance and stated characteristics:
Dimensions:
Maximum diameter:14.5mm.
Maximum height:50.5mm.
Weight: 25 grams.








No problems were found with installation instead of AA batteries.
Capacity:
Typical: 2500 mWh. Approximately corresponds to 1600-1700 mAh (real).
Minimum: 2250 mWh.
Why do they indicate the capacity in mWh and not mAh? The only explanation I found: due to the lower mAh parameters with the same energy capacity (the voltage is higher), they abandoned the measurement in mAh on these elements and write the capacity in mWh, which in principle does not contradict.
Rated voltage: 1.6 V.
There was a mention on the Internet about good performance at low temperatures, but I did not check it...
Charger:
Fast charging is supported: current from 0.5C to 1C until a voltage of 1.9 V per cell is reached.
Internal resistance at a voltage of 1 V ≦20 mOhm (that's cool).

The manufacturer of the elements I purchased has its own website, which I, to my shame, only found out about when I started writing a review and read the inscription on the element =)

Where I used it:
Advantageous for use in digital cameras (on NiMh the camera turns off when the batteries are not completely discharged - the camera is designed for alkaline batteries with a voltage of 1.5 V, and NiZn has a high voltage at the end of the discharge.) Just a story from Wikipedia about my case. My camera Canon Powershot sx150 complained about low supply voltage literally after 5-6 dozen photos, although the flash still charged very quickly. Checking the batteries on the charger showed that the residual capacity was at least 50%! Also, in my opinion, they have proven themselves well in electrified toys. The difference with other types of batteries is obvious; toys are more mobile due to the higher voltage. And in the case when there are only two elements, then there is no need to talk at all; for radio machines, the communication range and mobility differ very significantly! Positive experience of using an automatic tonometer (omron M3). Tire inflation occurs more quickly. It has also been successfully used in flashlights.
In general, the scope of application is quite diverse.

Difference from NiCd and NiMh more or less reliable graph:


Where the curve for zinc batteries is indicated in blue.
The meaning of the graph is a higher operating voltage. The discharge is carried out to a voltage of 1.3 V.
Oh yes, nature lovers will be delighted, NiZn batteries are harmless compared to NiCd, which is a plus for them.

Year of use:
I bought it in June 2014 to try it out. From the seller different variants, but I chose 4 pieces purposefully - 2 sets each for the camera. The batteries come with a box for 4 AA elements, it is also suitable for AAA elements, they just need to be placed across. Convenient box.
Used in pairs, the charged kit was always in the bag for operational replacement. The elements are clearly marked with markers 1 and 2 stripes, respectively, so as not to be confused when replacing.
How I charged it for the first time:
The Imax B6 charger in NiCd mode set the current limit to 1800mA and used (not always) a temperature sensor. During fast charging, the temperature sensor very well detects the end of the charge. However, delta peak is also caught well.
Since later my eldest daughter began to use the camera intensively, I had to buy a separate charger; I didn’t trust charging the Imax, and it wasn’t always possible to charge it myself, and let it be independent in the end =).
This is why it was purchased
Charging positioned for NiMh with voltage up to 1.4 V, but I was lucky - measurements showed a current of 190mA and a voltage of max 2V per element - that’s what I need. We put it on charge for about 10-11 hours. Using a regular alarm clock instead of a timer, or an alarm clock program on a computer.

For more than a year, the batteries have worked at least 150 cycles. The remaining capacity was approximately 1100 mAh (1700 mWh). The further fate is sad, the batteries went to another world. What the eldest daughter did not do, the younger daughter completed =(
The reason is simple: The camera was broken and the batteries were out of use. Later, when leaving for several days, the batteries were packed in this kolobok - a battery killer:


They just simply forgot to turn off the power. The batteries remained in this state for about 2 weeks and were completely discharged.

An attempt to revive was unsuccessful:


Charges with a dela peak cutoff (I was happy at first, but that wasn’t the case)

After the kolobok, the voltage was 0 V on all elements. An attempt at pumping on a smart charger did not give a positive effect. High internal resistance and low capacitance are all that remains for me to note. The batteries will be recycled.

Conclusion:

High voltage is the strong point of NiZn batteries, but this is not always good, you must be sure that your device (usually electronics) will function adequately. Again, a separate charger for NiZn cells, or a universal one that supports NiZn, is required. Otherwise, you will be disappointed with these batteries, which will not reach their full potential. At the moment, for me, nickel batteries are most likely a passed stage, we are moving on to lithium.

I'm planning to buy +20 Add to favorites I liked the review +43 +98