Windows command line commands. List of main commands used on the command line

Command line or as it is also called cmd in the Windows 8 operating system is the same as in younger versions of Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP, it follows that the same commands work the same in all versions.

So let's first figure out how to launch the command line. To do this, you must have a working computer with an operating system.

Some teams if you are working through account regular user For security reasons, you may not have enough rights to execute, so always run the command prompt with administrator rights. There are 2 ways to launch the command line:

In the window that appears, write cmd and click OK.

A command prompt window will open with a black background.

2) More quick way: via the hot keys Win+R, here also in the window that appears we write cmd, press ok.

In Windows 8, you can only use method 2, since there is no Start menu. Let's write our first help command which will display a list of all available commands with brief explanations.

List of all existing Windows command line commands:

ASSOC Print to screen or modify mappings based on file name extensions.
ATTRIB View and modify file properties.
BREAK Locks or unlocks enhanced CTRL+C processing in DOS.
BCDEDIT Sets properties in the boot database that allows you to control the initial boot.
CACLS Lists data and modifies access control lists (ACLs) on files.
CALL Calls one batch file from another, and can also pass input arguments.
CD
CHCP Output or set encoding.
CHDIR Displays the name or moves to another folder.
CHKDSK Diagnostics of the drive for errors.
CHKNTFS Shows or changes drive diagnostics during boot.
CLSO clearing the display of all symbols.
CMD Launches a Windows command line program. You can run an infinite number of them on one computer. They will work independently of each other.
COLOR Changes and sets the main background of the window and the fonts themselves.
COMP Shows differences and compares the contents of two files.
COMPACT Changes and shows file compression in NTFS.
CONVERT Converts FAT disk volumes to NTFS. The current drive cannot be changed.
COPY Creates a copy of a file or files and places them in the specified location.
DATE Shows or sets the current date.
DEL Destroys one or more files at once.
DIR Shows the names of files and folders with their creation date located in the current folder or specified in the folder settings.
DISKCOMP Compares and shows the differences between 2 floppy drives.
DISKCOPY Creates a copy of the contents of one floppy drive to another.
DISKPART Shows and changes the properties of a disk partition.
DOSKEY Modifies and re-invokes command lines; creates macros.
DRIVERQUERY Displays information about the status and attributes of a device driver.
ECHO Outputs text information and changes the display mode of commands on the screen.
ENDLOCAL Brings the environment localization to a close for the batch file.
ERASE Destroys a file or files.
EXIT Terminates the command line program
F.C. Shows the differences between two files or two sets of files and also compares them
FIND Performs a search text string in files or in one file.
FINDSTR Advanced search for text strings in files.
FOR Cycle. Repeats execution of the same command a specified number of times
FORMAT Formatting the drive for use with Windows.
FSUTIL Shows and sets file system attributes.
FTYPE Allows you to change and view file types, which are mainly used when matching by file name extensions.
GOTO Transfers control to another specified command.
GPRESULT Displays information about group policy for a computer or user.
GRAFTABL Gives Windows feature show extended character set in graphical mode.
HELP Displays all information about existing teams Windows.
ICACLS Shows, modifies, archives or restores ACLs for files and folders.
IF Executes commands based on a given condition.
LABEL Creates, modifies, and destroys volume labels for drives.
M.D. Creates an empty directory.
MKDIR Creates an empty directory.
MKLINK Creates symbolic and hard links
MODE Configures system devices.
MORE Sequentially displays information in blocks the size of one screen.
MOVE Moves files from one location to another.
OPENFILES Shows files that are open on shared folder remote user.
PATH Displays or sets the full path to executable files.
PAUSE Stops execution of command line commands and displays information text.
POPD Restores the previous value active folder, which was saved using the PUSHD command.
PRINT Prints the contents of a text file.
PROMPT Modifies the Windows command line prompt.
PUSHD Saves the active folder value and moves to another folder.
R.D. Destroys a directory.
RECOVER Revives readable data from a bad or damaged hard drive.
R.E.M. Places comments in batch files and the CONFIG.SYS file.
REN Changes the name of both files and folders.
RENAME Similar team REN.
REPLACE Swaps files.
RMDIR Destroys a directory.
ROBOCOPY Advanced tool for copying files and entire folders
SET Shows, sets, and destroys Windows environment variables.
SETLOCAL Localizes environment changes in a batch file.
S.C. Allows you to work with services
SCHTASKS Allows you to run any programs and execute them sequentially necessary commands according to a given plan
SHIFT Changes the position (shift) of substituted parameters for a batch file.
SHUTDOWN Shuts down the computer.
SORT Sorts input according to specified parameters.
START Launches a program or command in a new window.
SUBST Purpose given path drive name.
SYSTEMINFO Displays information about the operating system and computer configuration.
TASKLIST Shows a list of all running processes with their identifiers.
TASKKILL“Kills” or stops the process.
TIME Sets and displays the system time.
TITLE Sets the window name for the current session of the command line interpreter CMD.EXE
TREE Displays drive directories in a convenient visual form.
TYPE Displays the contents of text files.
VER Outputs brief information about the Windows version.
VERIFY Checks for file writing errors on the drive.
VOL Displays the labels and serial number of the drive volume.
XCOPY Creates a copy of files.
WMIC Prints WMI on the command line.

Hi all. In this article, we will talk about topics such as:

Command line (CMD)- This separate program, which allows the user to directly interact with the operating system. Command line based on the environment in which applications and utilities run using text interface, and the execution result is displayed on the screen.

Command line Windows uses a command interpreter cmd.exe, which allows you to download applications and directs the flow of data between them, in other words, translates user commands into a form understandable to the system. Command line console integrated into all versions of Windows OS. At first sight command interface scares the user who is spoiled by the graphical interface of the same Windows, but as a rule command interface , is much faster and has a lot of additional features that cannot be implemented in a graphical interface.

Launch methods:

1. Start / All Programs / Accessories / Command Prompt.
2. Start / Run / enter cmd.exe in the line
3. Launch from system folder: C:\WINDOWS\system32\cmd.exe

CMD commands.

Below I will give you a sign with a complete list command line commands, and after the tablet we will look in more detail at the main CMD commands.

Command line commands.

Now let's talk in more detail about the most frequently used commands, but first I'll tell you a little about the keys that can be used together with commands for more functional action. For example, let's take the RD (remove directory) command, if applied to empty folder, then it will be deleted, but if there are files in the folder, then nothing will happen. So, to delete a folder along with the files in it, you need to use the key together with the RD command /s.

That is, for example, there is a directory kat and to find any files in it, in order to delete the directory along with the files, you need to register RD/s cat. A list of keys to any command can be found by typing the command name followed by a slash and the question: command_name/?.

Basic commands for working with directories:

• MD - Directory creation. Syntax: (MD directory name, it is possible to specify the location path).
• RD - Removing a directory. Syntax: (RD directory name, it is possible to specify the location path). Note, RD without keys only allows you to delete an empty directory.
• CD - Change the current directory. Syntax: (CD directory name, it is possible to specify the location path). CD\ - Go to the root directory. CD.. - Go to the parent directory.
• DIR - View directory as a list. Syntax: (DIR directory name, it is possible to specify the location path).
• TREE - Display directories in graphical representation. Syntax: (TREE directory name, it is possible to specify the location path).
• MOVE - Move\Rename directory. Syntax: .
• XCOPY - Copy directory structures. Syntax: (XCOPY what_we copy where_we copy, it is possible to specify the location path).

Commands for working with files:

• COPY CON - Create a file. Syntax: (COPY CON file_name_with_extension, it is possible to specify the location path).
• TYPE — Displays the contents of the file on the screen. Syntax: (TYPE file_name_with_extension, it is possible to specify the location path).
• DEL - Delete a file. Syntax: (DEL file_name_with_extension, it is possible to specify the location path).
• COPY - Copying a file\Combining files. Syntax(copy): (COPY what_we copy where_we copy, it is possible to specify the location path). Syntax(merging): (COPY file_name + file_name + file_name... merge_file_name, it is possible to specify the location path).
• EDIT - Create\Edit a file. Syntax: (EDIT file name, it is possible to specify the location path).
• MOVE - Move\Rename a file. Syntax: (MOVE what_we move where_we move, it is possible to specify the location path).
• REN - Rename files. Syntax: (REN what_we rename what_we rename, it is possible to specify the location path).
• FC - File comparison. (FC file_name file_name file_name..., it is possible to specify the location path).

System commands:

• CLS - Screen cleaning.
• DATE - View and display changes to the current date.
• VER — Display information about current version Operating system.
• VOL — Displays information about the volume-logical partition of the disk.
• SYSTEMINFO - Display information about system configurations.
• EXIT - Exits the command line.

These were the most used command line commands.

On this this article I'm finishing, I hope you have fully understood the topics: CMD Commands, Command Line Commands, Command Line.

There are countless situations when it is most convenient to make changes to the system configuration or solve problems with the operating system through the command line interface. Of course, the presence of advanced graphical environment in Windows 10 is a boon for novice users. Unfortunately, not all settings can be quickly made via mouse manipulation. With the onset of certain experience and awareness of the operating system's operating mechanisms, the user ceases to understand how he previously managed without this multifunctional system tool. As part of this publication, we will analyze in detail all the ways to open a standard command line both in regular user mode and with administrator privileges.

Users previous versions Microsoft's OS may be confused about where the advising shortcut is located. Those who easily found a shortcut to launch the command line window in Win XP and Win 7 now cannot understand where the usual shortcut from Start in the “Standards” subsection has disappeared. In new versions of Windows, developers have radically revised the Start menu: now there is no longer room for this familiar tool. Even the “Run” button has disappeared somewhere in new versions of the OS. The user who felt comfortable on Win 7 is now at a loss. If you encounter similar problems, then continue to study this article. We will try to cover in detail all the intricacies of this issue in Win 10. Perhaps, let's start with the simplest.

An elementary way to launch a command console window

Through functionality new context menu, which is in a circle system administrators called WinX menu, you can easily and simply find a link to launch the command interpreter. To activate this menu, you must hold down the hotkey combination of the same name. Next, you just need to select the appropriate item and it’s in the bag. If you need to operate in the command interpreter in standard mode, then select the “Command Prompt” link, and if you require administrative privileges, then click on “Command Prompt (Administrator)”. There is probably no easier or faster way for a novice user to open this wonderful system tool than the above. If you have difficulty finding hotkeys " Win" And " X", you can perform a similar action through mouse manipulation: just right-click on the Start icon and the result will not be long in coming.

How to call the standard command line through the “tens” search string capabilities

Windows 10 developers took care of users by placing a search for many system applications via interface search string. The easiest way to open a search is through the combination “ Win+S" To start the command interpreter you need to type " team" and press the key " Enter" The app will present you with the most relevant results. All you have to do is choose between the command line in system administrator mode or similar application, but running in standard mode.

How can you activate a command line application using the standard Win 10 Explorer

Probably, rarely anyone could guess that the operating room Win system 10 can launch a command interpreter window from a folder open in Explorer. It doesn't even matter what folder it is. All you need to do to open the command line via standard file manager operating system, comes down to the following: holding Shift key, right-click on a free area of ​​the active Explorer window, and then select “Open command window”. Then when this simple manipulation will be executed, the command line will start in standard mode, but with in the specified way to the location of the current folder.

Unfortunately, specialists from Microsoft did not consider it necessary to create such convenient opportunity activating this system tool with administrative privileges.

Open the command line window with the command “cmd”

To do this, you need to use the “Run” utility. It is called by the keyboard shortcut " Win+R" We print three letters " cmd" and click "OK".

How can I launch the command line through the application executable file

It's no secret that the standard command line is executable file, called cmd.exe. Its storage location for 32-bit Windows 10 is in the folder Windows\System32. If we consider the 64-bit version, the location will be as follows: Windows\SysWOW64.

Anyone can find cmd.exe in these directories and run the command interpreter normally double click. Of course, just like any other application, you can get a shortcut from the command line that can be placed, for example, on the desktop.

We hope that the information presented in this publication will help you enjoy such a wonderful system tool without any problems.

Command line - special program, which allows you to control the operating system using text commands entered in the application window. Its interface is completely text-based, in contrast to the usual appearance of the operating system.

Performing actions using text expressions, of course, is not as convenient as clicking on icons on the screen, selecting menu items, or opening program windows. But sometimes it is simply necessary to open the command line, for example, when there are problems in the system, when working with network and equipment settings, or when calling system applications. Here are some examples of its use:

1. The systeminfo command allows you to collect information about the system, including installed updates and network information. The graphical interface does not provide for receiving such data.
2. chkdsk - checks the disk for errors and generates a report.
3. sfc /scannow - useful command launch scanning and recovery of damaged files.
4. ipconfig - allows you to find out the IP address of your computer in a split second.
5. ping - check the network operation in case of problems with the router.
6. help - the command line will display a list of possible commands with brief information about them.

These are just a few examples beneficial use this application. In addition, through the program window you can quite successfully work on the computer without using a mouse.

Switching methods

There are several options to open the Windows Command Prompt:

In versions higher than Windows 8, in order to apply this method, you need to click on the magnifying glass next to the user name.

Also for quick launch you can create a desktop shortcut and hotkeys. You can create a shortcut like this:

1. In the Explorer window, find the folder “Windows\System32”, in it right click Click on the cmd.exe file, then “Create a shortcut” and select a name for it.
2. Right click on empty space on the screen, find “Create shortcut” in the context menu. In the field that appears, type C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe. Next, select a name and click OK.

Now you can assign hotkeys. Call context menu created shortcut, click “Properties”, “Shortcut” tab, enter the required combination in the “Shortcut” field.

Please note that when launched using the shortcut, search box and explorer, the command line is launched from the System32 folder, and using the "Run" item of the Start menu from Users folders your computer.

Opening with extended rights

Among the methods discussed, some allow you to enable the command line as an administrator. The point is that even if current work you are using an Administrator account, you do not have full rights to control the system. This is done to improve reliability and reduce the risk of damage from malware.

So, new operating system Windows 10 gives its users . What about old, proven interfaces that make working on a computer much easier? For example, you can do a lot of operations through the command line that are difficult to implement through windows. Naturally, a lot of work has been done to fix bugs in Windows 10. The nomadic chaos from previous versions of systems, such as a pile of slabs in the Start menu, has been stopped. Therefore, it was decided to leave the command line.

Of course, such an interface itself is unusual for the typical user. However, it is very convenient to work through the command line once you remember the primitive commands. No need to click the mouse, everything is done by hand. And you can do everything faster with your hands if you develop the skill. Now we'll tell you how to find the command line in latest Windows 10 and start working through it.

Instant launch

For advanced computer users, hotkeys have long existed. These simple combinations open any applications that do not need to be searched for several minutes across windows. In this case, the command line opens by pressing Win + X. You can also easily right-click on the Start menu in Windows 10. A context menu will appear in which you should select a special item.

Search by search

To make work easier in Windows 10, there is a special search. Yes, the developers have implemented such a function through the image of a magnifying glass on the taskbar. The hand just wants to click on the attractive icon. Let's do it. A search bar will open in which you need to type: cmd. If you need to run as administrator, which is almost always necessary, then just right-click on the search results and select the appropriate launch.

Familiar windows

In Windows 10, there is no escape from the familiar windowed interface. Actually, the system is based on this principle. Therefore there is easy way run command line via standard conductor. Any folder has a File menu, which opens with a mouse click. Naturally, an item with the desired name will appear, where you can open the command line even as an administrator with one click.

Such in simple ways You can open the command line so that you can easily work through it later. How to do this? It is enough to type typical commands online. Of course, you won’t be able to remember everything right away. But if you practice regularly, then after a while your hands will write the necessary commands themselves. After all GUI not only eats great amount computer resources, but also loads human brain additional information, which is often superfluous.