Broadcast channels dvb t2. At what frequency does DVB-T2 digital television broadcast?

After the advent of digital television, a large number of users became excited about the transition to a modern format. What are the reasons? Of course, in the desire to try a new product, as well as frequent discussions that the quality of the incoming signal is much higher. Accordingly, this improves the picture quality. Ease of access also attracts new users.

Digital TV can be connected even to CRT models. To do this, you will need to use additional devices. And of course, modern TV models are capable of catching this technique.

In the Moscow region and the capital, the well-known television and radio network Ostankino offers a huge number of on-air channels in the public domain. This allows you to receive a signal without additional registration and fees for Russian television programs. Reception is available both on individual antennas located in the room and on external ones.

There are also paid channels that charge a certain amount each month. How many channels are there on digital television today 2019? What is needed to receive their signal? More on this later.

Digital signal reception methods

There are four options for connecting free and pay TV channels:

• Cable. In this case, the signal is received via cable. The main disadvantage is the subscription fee. This method is not available everywhere.
• Satellite. Here, the signal is transmitted via satellite and received through an installed personal dish. There is also a specific subscription fee charged here. Requires the purchase of equipment designed for satellite TV.
• Terrestrial (DVB television). Terrestrial repeaters distribute a signal that can be received by an indoor or outdoor antenna. This connection option does not require additional financial expenses. A convenient way to watch TV programs in modern broadcast format.

The digital set-top box (Dvb T2) picks up channels differently than the previously described option. The signal level is low. It is difficult to catch it in case of bad weather, as well as its location far from the TV tower.

The lowest price is receiving digital TV using an antenna, which is installed and configured independently by the user. You can add various channels.

What are multiplexes

Multiplex is a connection in one digital package of different TV channels during digital television broadcasting, combined before transmission over the channel and separated at the final receiving element (subscriber's receiver) with the allocation of 1 or 2 TV channels.

Digital television in Russia in the DVB T2 format offers 20 TV channels, which are divided into 2 packages, this is called multiplexes. These are free to watch digital channels - there is no set subscription fee. The user only needs a TV; a set-top box with a decoder that receives the DVB T2 frequency range (if such a decoder is not available on the TV) and an antenna.

Package No. 1 is a group of information, news and development channels (Russia 1 and 2, 1 and 5 channels and others).

This package operates wherever digital television is present. If there is a working digital TV tower nearby, you will most likely receive all 10 channels. The user will be able to catch either all 10 at once, or not just one. The reason for this is that channels 1 of the multiplex are transmitted at the same frequency. Broadcasting is carried out at a frequency of 546 MHz using DVB-T2.

Quite often the composition of channels in this package changes. Competitions are held among programs, as a result of which the list may vary. Frequency 498 MHz with DVB prefix.

Package No. 3 is in development, but it will be paid. A cheaper and simpler option is to use cable and get more than 100 channels from 200 rubles per month.

This package will work in test mode. In it, users will also be able to find programs of maximum HD clarity.

What you need to view

To show digital television channels, special equipment is required:

• Antenna;
• Set-top box for digital television or TV with a DVB T2 tuner. The device must support the MPEG 4 standard and be capable of operating in Multiple PLP mode.

As for the antenna, you can opt for a standard analog one. If you have a new model TV, then it may have an integrated digital tuner. In this case, there is no need to buy a set-top box.

If you don't know if your model has a digital TV tuner, check the technical data sheet. Alternatively, enter the model name in the search engine.

There are two types of antenna devices:

1. Active - when amplifiers are used, a connection is made to a source of electrical energy. When using a receiver, 5-V is supplied through it. This can be done through the settings in the menu – “Antenna power”. Using an active device is not always the right decision. Since if you are close to the tower, the signal may disappear completely.
2. Passive - there are no additional amplifiers here. They are used most often in areas with a stable signal. This option is easier for connecting several TVs.

Let's look at the features of choosing a digital tuner. Anyone who encounters such a purchase for the first time most likely thinks that all consoles are identical. The main condition for making the right choice is to avoid making mistakes in key technical characteristics.

There are other points that can affect the further operation of the equipment and the breadth of the functional component:

• There are no buttons on the external panel of the device - this obliges the user to work only with the remote control. This is not always practical.
• If the tuner does not have a USB port, the device cannot be used as a media player. With the presence of such equipment, you can record TV shows, view photos and videos.

Please note that a set-top box with a separate power supply is considered a chic option. Most often, this element is built inside. The most common cause of tuner failure is a malfunction of the power supply. If this device fails, you can take it to a service center or replace the entire set-top box. But a separate unit is an opportunity to replace the component without any problems.

Why is analog TV turned off?

According to the Deputy Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation Alexey Volin, today in Russia less than 10% of citizens live without digital television, and in a number of regions - only 2-3%.

The transition from analogue broadcasting to digital terrestrial TV in Russia was conceived in order to increase the choice of channels and their quality several times. TV viewers will have the opportunity to receive up to 20 TV channels in good quality for free.

Unlike users of cable and satellite operator networks, viewers of digital terrestrial television will not pay a subscription fee.

Pros of digital TV

Among the main advantages of digital TV: high image resolution; sound and picture without distortion; wide selection of channels.

Unlike analog broadcasting, which is continuous, but can be accompanied by a lot of interference (ripples, noise and poor picture quality), a digital signal filters out interference and does not carry unnecessary information, making the picture clear and high-quality. If there is serious interference, the digital signal, unlike the analog signal, will simply disappear.

Transition deadlines

The transition from analogue to digital television will affect all regions of the country, including Moscow and the Moscow region. Initially, the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation reported that the process of switching off analogue broadcasting would be completed before January 14-15, 2019, but then they decided to increase the transition period. As Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev said, the transition from analogue to digital television will be gradual. In total, the transition process will take six months.

The decision comes as some residents still use televisions that do not receive a digital signal. In order not to leave people without television broadcasting and to give time to purchase the necessary equipment, it was decided to make the transition to digital gradual.

As explained on the website of the Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network (RTRS), we are talking about reducing analogue broadcasting starting from January 1, 2019. The state ceases to subsidize television channels for signal distribution in cities with a population of less than 100 thousand people. This applies to mandatory public channels.

As part of the implementation of the target program “Development of television and radio broadcasting in the Russian Federation for 2009-2018”, reception of mandatory public television channels without a subscription fee will become possible in all localities of Russia.

Free channels

The RTRS press service emphasizes that with the launch of the digital broadcasting network, Russians receive a free set of high-quality TV channels, comparable to what was previously offered only in paid packages.

TV viewers will have access to two digital multiplexes - packages of free digital channels.

Thus, residents of the Moscow region can already watch digital terrestrial television for free. In all settlements of the region, 10 programs of the RTRS-1 digital TV channel package (the first multiplex) are available in excellent quality: “Channel One”, “Russia 1”, “Match TV”, NTV, “Petersburg-5 channel” “Russia K”, “Russia 24”, “Carousel”, “Public Television of Russia”, “TV Center”, as well as three radio channels: “Vesti FM”, “Mayak” and “Radio Russia”.

By the end of 2018, residents of the Moscow region will have the opportunity to receive the RTRS-2 multiplex: STS, TNT, RenTV, Pyatnitsa, Spas, Domashny, Zvezda, TV3, Mir, MuzTV.

Construction of a TV network

To date, the construction of the network of the first and second multiplex (package of digital channels) has been completed in almost all regions of Russia. More than 9.5 thousand out of 10 thousand transmitters have already been installed and operating. The network will be fully operational at the end of 2018.

In the Moscow region, the construction and operation of a digital terrestrial television network is carried out by the RTRS branch - the Moscow Regional Center (MRC).

The digital signal is transmitted through digital radio and television transmitting stations (RTTS). The first such station began operating in Shatura, near Moscow, back in 2013. Currently, the stations cover the entire territory of the region.

Optional equipment

To watch digital terrestrial TV, you don't have to send your favorite TV to a landfill. It is enough to buy special equipment.

Most modern TVs support the DVB-T2 broadcast standard, which broadcasts free multiplexes. To watch free digital channels, their owners only need to buy a UHF antenna: collective or individual, outdoor or indoor, depending on living conditions.

Digital terrestrial channels. DVB-T2 in Moscow.

Digital terrestrial television channels.

List of DVB-T2 channels. Frequencies of digital terrestrial channels DVB-T2 in Moscow.

Broadcasting of digital terrestrial channels of the first and second multiplexes is free!!! This is a replacement for broadcast channels. They will not be paid. It is planned to increase the number of channels to one hundred. Among them will be commercial paid packages.

Digital terrestrial channel number	List of digital terrestrial channels	Digital terrestrial channel frequency. (MHz)	Broadcasting standard for digital terrestrial channels
Channels of the second multiplex	Home NTV+ Sport Plus	Second multiplex frequency	DVB-T2
Channels of the first multiplex	First channel St. Petersburg channel 5 Culture Carousel	First multiplex frequency	DVB-T2
34	First channel Culture Carousel	578	DVB-T

Digital terrestrial television

The main difference between digital terrestrial channels and analogue ones is the high quality of digital channels (no noise, interference and repetitions) and a clearer picture - high noise immunity. I install antennas on the window in houses, on the side opposite the Ostankino Tower. The data transfer protocol is designed so that the reflected signal is received without unnecessary data and you see an excellent quality picture.

Digital television DVB-T2 is ideal for large LCD and plasma TVs.

The list of digital terrestrial television channels in Moscow now includes 20 channels.

HOW TO WATCH DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL CHANNELS?

To receive digital terrestrial channels in Moscow and the region, the TV must have a built-in digital tuner of the DVB-T2 standard (see technical specifications of the TV). Otherwise, you will have to buy an additional DVB-T2 receiver, which connects to any TV via HDMI or composite (tulips or scart) input.

Digital reception ethereal channels is carried out to an external UHF antenna. In your apartment building cable home network (Akado, OnLime, etc.), most likely these digital TV channels will be on other (cable) TV frequencies that do not coincide with the terrestrial frequencies given in the table. You need to start auto-search for channels.

If the distance from the transmitter (Ostankino TV tower in Moscow and Moscow region) to the TV is less than or about 20 km, then reception is possible with an indoor UHF antenna. Otherwise, you will have to use an external UHF antenna, possibly with an amplifier. It all depends on the installation height of your antenna and the distance to the TV tower. With a good outdoor UHF antenna with a low-noise amplifier, reception of digital terrestrial channels is possible at a distance of more than 80 km from the television tower.

Digital TV coverage area in Moscow and the region (channel 30)

Digital terrestrial television network in Moscow and the Moscow region (construction stages)

Analogue terrestrial channels

Terrestrial TV channels. TV channel frequencies in Moscow.

TV CHANNEL NUMBER	LIST OF TERRE CHANNELS	FREQUENCIES OF AIR CHANNELS. (MHz)
1	First channel	49.75
3	TVC	77.25
6	Russia 2	175.25
8	NTV	191.25
11	Russia 1	215.25
23	Pepper	487.25
25	EuroNews	503.25
27	STS	519.25
29	Disney	535.25
31	Home	551.25
33	Russia K	567.25
35	TNT	583.25
38	Friday	607.25
44	Channel 5	655.25
46	TV3	671.25
49	REN-TV	695.25
51	Channel U	711.25
57	Star	759.25
60	2X2	783.25

The table shows the channels that can be received from the Ostankino TV tower in Moscow and the Moscow region. The list is divided into two groups - digital DVB-T2 and terrestrial analogue. Operating frequencies, numbers, characteristics are indicated. All federal channels are broadcast free of charge. Coded or paid services are not yet provided. Digital program packages are distributed among multiplexes, each with 10 channels, 20 are already running as normal, and the third multiplex is being tested. First and Russia 1 come in high definition HD quality. Breaks in broadcasting are regulated by the prevention schedule. Search and configuration are possible in automatic or manual mode. Most apartment buildings have cable television, and in the general list you will only find the list provided by the operator. In this case, for reception, you will need an external or internal independent antenna.

The first digital terrestrial TV multiplex
Channel logo	Name	Number	Frequency	Genre	Video format	Audio format
	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Sport	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	St. Petersburg - Channel 5	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	News	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Children's	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Public television of Russia	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Radio	-	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Radio	-	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Radio	-	MPEG2
Second digital terrestrial TV multiplex
	24	498 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Religion	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Entertaining	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Entertaining	MPEG4	MPEG2
	TV3	24	498 MHz	Entertaining	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Entertaining	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Military Patriotic Channel	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	CIS channel	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Movies	MPEG4	MPEG2
	Muz TV	24	498 MHz	Music	MPEG4	MPEG2
The third multiplex of digital terrestrial TV It has not yet been officially launched, so the list of channels is displayed on a separate page with a broadcast schedule

In the analog range, the number of regular channels is smaller and they are planned to be switched off in accordance with the official government program for the development of digital television.

The information was obtained from open sources and is current as of the beginning of 2020. As the grid changes, the data will be updated.

Article 37. Erotic publications

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Law of the Russian Federation dated December 27, 1991 N 2124-1 (as amended on July 13, 2015)
"About the media"

Distribution of specialized radio and television programs of an erotic nature without signal coding is permitted only from 23:00 to 4:00 local time, unless otherwise established by the local administration.

For the purposes of this Law, a mass media specializing in messages and materials of an erotic nature means a periodical publication or program that generally and systematically exploits interest in sex.

Retail sales of media products specializing in messages and materials of an erotic nature are permitted only in sealed transparent packaging and in specially designated premises, the location of which is determined by the local administration.

Considering that in Russia broadcasting in the digital standard has been carried out since 2012, the article is belated. But taking into account the time I spent on the roofs of my neighbors in the country, the material is quite relevant, since most consumers understand the essence of the matter superficially, believing that it is enough to acquire a digital TV receiver (tuner) of the DVB-T2 standard and an antenna for digital TV.
As usual, it's not that simple!

Landmark Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 985

On December 3, 2009, by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 985, the federal target program (FTP) “Development of television and radio broadcasting in the Russian Federation for 2009–2015” was approved, which determined the stages and timing of the country’s transition to digital technologies in television broadcasting.

Read in detail.

Now let's see what I have. I have a Delta N311A.02 antenna.

“Delta N311A.02” is essentially two antennas combined into one design, consisting of a meter-wave antenna made in the form of two vibrators (whiskers) and a log-periodic antenna of the decimeter range. The antenna has a built-in amplifier. That is, in principle, there is everything we need to receive DVB-T2. But the soul of a radio amateur will not rest until all the juices are squeezed out of the device.

Break off the horns of "Delta"!

It seems that there is nothing to squeeze out. The antenna is self-sufficient. But, let's think... Without delving into the jungle, we can assume that the amplifier works on both ranges at the same time, and accordingly, along with the signal, it also pulls out noise from both ranges. In the model range of Delta antennas, there are antennas with an amplifier only for UHF. I think the receiver still has a more difficult time with a wider signal.

Therefore, I decided to try to make life easier for the antenna amplifier and receiver - to break off the horns of the Delta! I unscrew the meter range vibrators.
This is the “tamed Delta” now...

Let's try. Yes, the result has improved by 5-7%. In addition, the antenna has become more narrowly directed.

A couple of weeks later my antenna friend called and informed me that he had brought what he had promised. I come to him and am surprised! He hands me practically my hornless Delta. The geometry is one to one, only the amplifier is located at the place where the signal is picked up. Well, let's try it, maybe there will be a better amplifier here. I tried it. No, it didn't get any better. Even a little worse. So I left my Delta.

You'll be chasing two multiplexes...

No, I haven't calmed down yet. After all the upgrades, I decided to turn my attention again to the second multiplex of commercial channels. One is good, but two is better! I deployed the antenna, tried to tune in, a signal appeared, it twitches, but it’s there.
We start searching for channels - we found something that wasn’t there before.
Saved the settings. However, the picture still disappears periodically.

OK, let's turn around and watch the first multiplex for now. For now, because I decided to make my own antenna with the best gain. I hope that, coupled with my own, higher gain and signal amplifier, I can still catch two birds with one stone - the first and second multiplexes. If the experiment is successful, I will definitely let you know.

Methodology for setting up DVB-T2 outside the city

Now, for the most patient, a brief point-by-point adjustment method that I have developed over all this time. It assumes that you have a set of equipment and everything is connected correctly.

1. Collection of information. We go to, look at the location of the nearest broadcasting stations and on which channels are broadcast.
2. Determine the azimuth of the station (see below).
3. Direct the antenna.
4. On the set-top box, in a manual search, we install the broadcast channel known to us. If after two or three seconds you see a signal on the power and quality scales, then you are on the right track. At this stage, you can also try to adjust the direction of the antenna for more reliable reception.
5. Start searching for channels.
6. Save. We watch digital TV and enjoy.

So how can we, comrade surveyors, determine the azimuth of the station? What is azimuth anyway? And this is just the angle between the direction north and the direction towards any given object. Azimuth is usually measured in the direction of apparent movement of the celestial sphere (clockwise on maps) and is measured in degrees.

There are several ways to determine azimuth.
1) As I already said, I used a satellite navigator.

Everything in one bottle - compass and map, modern and fast.

2) You can do it the old fashioned way. We take a paper map, place a north-oriented compass on it, and set the azimuth.

3) And one more method - virtual, advanced. You need a computer and internet. Azimuth and distances can be determined using Google Earth. Download and install the program "". Let's launch. We find ourselves on the map and the location of the broadcasting station.