IGZO displays: what are they and why are they better? Features of IGZO technology in modern displays.
Technology Sharp IGZO has been featured on the pages of i for a long time Phones.ru. This is exactly what was supposed to happen and, in fact, is the most promising development in the field of LCD due to excellent image quality with minimal matrix thickness and high energy efficiency. In addition, judging by analysts, Apple has invested a lot of money in it (from 500 million to 1 billion). But, as you know, the Japanese manufacturer did not have time to organize mass production of LCD panels for tablets and . However, it is still too early to bury this promising development, as evidenced by the very impressive demonstration of its new capabilities at the exhibition Society for Information Display in Boston, USA.
In particular, Sharp demonstrated that the work towards creating a Retina display for Apple was not in vain. Actually, sooner or later in the production of components for, and, perhaps, its developments in the future will form the basis for other Apple products. For example, a MacBook with even more impressive performance than expected. After all, the 13.5-inch panel has a resolution 3840x2160 pixels(326 ppi) - that is, QFHD (Quad Full High Definition) or quadruple FullHD resolution (1920x1080 pixels). Moreover, instead of liquid crystals in in this case white organic LEDs with color RGB filters are used. LG uses similar technology in its 55-inch OLED TV.
13.5-inch prototype OLED display with QFHD resolution
But these are not all the interesting Sharp developments demonstrated in Boston. For example, using the same technology, she created Flexible 3.4" OLED display with a resolution of 540×960 pixels (326 ppi). Also showed 4.9-inch LCD display with a resolution of 1280x720 pixels (302 ppi) and 6.1-inch with a resolution of 2560x1600 pixels (498 ppi). Let me remind you that before there was a screen of this level. Since two companies can already create small displays with such high resolution, then there should be no problems with the release with a Retina screen. By the way, LG is also actively working. All this says only one thing - in the next couple of years, ultra-high resolution will be found everywhere, from phones to laptops, as well as large computer monitors. The technology is becoming widespread, and therefore cheap. [Engadget]
Best Ultra-HD Monitors: ZOOM Choices
In principle, now manufacturers are able to assemble a monitor as much as they like big size- of course, within reason - the human visual angle is far from 180 degrees. In reality, this means that the current maximum is determined by the market at 34 inches (for a monitor). If you need more, you can always connect your computer to your TV; fortunately, universal digital inputs have made any distortion and picture degradation a thing of the past.
However, unlike the same TVs, increasing the diagonal of monitors is not an end in itself. The area of the monitor screen should be used wisely, and the image should combine comfort for the eyes, maximum information content, wide color gamut and correct color rendering. Of course, one can only dream of a wonderful combination of all requirements in one model - especially if one hopes for the adequacy of the price. But if you look for the best examples based on one or more related characteristics, it is quite possible to find what you want.
* * *
Monitors with Ultra-HD resolution currently available on the Russian market can be divided into several groups.
Group of monitors with TN matrix 28 inches diagonal
The largest group is models with a TN matrix. The typical size of their display is 28 inches diagonal. For a resolution of 1920 by 1080 pixels it is somewhat large, but 3840 by 2160 looks good here. The cost of such monitors starts at 25-26 thousand rubles, which by the standards of the Ultra-HD class is very budget-friendly.
Samsung U28D590D
One of the most affordable monitors today is the Samsung U28D590D monitor. Its average price in Russian stores is 25 thousand rubles, but if you search, you can find a place where they will charge you a thousand or two less.
As mentioned above, the device belongs to the group of monitors using a 28-inch diagonal TN+Film matrix. This factor is the main one for reducing the cost of the Samsung U28D590D. As is known, TN+Film technology is distinguished by simplicity and low cost of production, a relatively small viewing area without the effect of “fading” of colors, a low level of contrast and good speed response. The quality of color rendering formally does not refer to the “natural” characteristics of the matrix and depends on the efforts of the manufacturer. The resolution of the Samsung U28D590D monitor is standard for Ultra-HD - 3840 by 2160 pixels.
For connection, the monitor uses a DisplayPort port or two HDMI ports version 1.4a. This allows the Samsung U28D590D to display images in Ultra-HD resolution at 60 hertz. It should be noted that many more expensive monitors are limited to Ultra-HD image output at a frequency of no higher than 30 hertz.
Another “cheapening” feature of the Samsung U28D590D is its stand. It allows you to change the position of the monitor only by slightly tilting it back at an angle of up to 15 degrees. The Samsung U28D590D does not have the ability to hang the device on a wall using a VESA mount.
According to the stated characteristics, the Samsung U28D590D matrix can output 1 billion colors (outputs color in a 10-bit gamma per channel), has a contrast ratio of 1000:1, and a maximum brightness of 370 candelas per channel. square meter, update speed (Gray to Gray) of 1 millisecond and viewing angles of 170 by 160 degrees. Formally, the matrix is a device high class.
Practical testing of the monitor shows that the Samsung U28D590D matrix truly deserves a positive user rating. Even the factory settings will not disappoint most users. Using calibration, you can bring the functionality of the monitor to a very high level. Of course, the strictly professional use of the Samsung U28D590D as a working tool for an artist or photographer can be questioned, however, this monitor is quite capable of any other tasks.
The Samsung U28D590D is well suited for those who are serious about using a monitor with Ultra-HD resolution, but want to save a little money. High detail will be useful both in games and when working with office documents, and when editing images. Some disappointments, however, are possible due to scaling problems with some programs and games. In addition, Ultra-HD games may require a very powerful computer configuration, combining flagship graphics cards with the latest processors.
Acer XB280HK
If, when purchasing a Samsung U28D590D monitor, it is only intended to be used as part of gaming system, then for the Acer XB280HK model this operating mode can be considered the main one. It's all about the NVIDIA G-SYNC module integrated into this monitor.
NVIDIA G-SYNC technology is a software and hardware complex whose task is to combat image freezing and desynchronization of the monitor and video card in games. The NVIDIA G-SYNC software is hardwired into universal drivers for NVIDIA GeForce series cards, and the hardware consists of the new GeForce cards themselves and a special module installed by manufacturers in their monitors. There are already several such models in the class of monitors with Full-HD resolution, but among monitors with Ultra-HD resolution there are no such devices, except for the Acer XB280HK.
The model is created on the basis of a TN+Film matrix with a diagonal of 28 inches and a resolution of 3840 by 2160 pixels. According to the stated characteristics, the color rendering of the screen is 16.7 million colors (8 bits per channel). The maximum screen brightness is 300 candelas per square meter, the contrast is 1000:1, and the refresh rate (Gray to Gray) is 1 millisecond. Viewing angles should reach 170 and 160 degrees.
The design of the Acer XB280HK stand allows the monitor to take a portrait position, you can adjust the screen position in height above the table level and change the tilt angle by 5 degrees forward and 35 degrees back. On the body of the device there is a VESA wall mounting mechanism measuring 100 by 100 millimeters.
The Acer XB280HK interfaces include DisplayPort version 1.2, which allows you to transmit images from the signal source in Ultra-HD resolution at 60 Hz, and a hub with four ports USB versions 3.0.
In general, from a formal point of view, the Acer XB280HK can be classified as a high-level model - the monitor has a good design and ergonomics and should show a pleasant picture.
In reality, the Acer XB280HK copes really well with all non-specific tasks. There are no issues with the image when working with office programs, amateur work in graphics packages, watching movies and playing games.
As for the unique properties of the monitor, based on the presence of the NVIDIA G-SYNC module, they are really at their best. The technology operates within the framework specified by NVIDIA. And they, do not forget, suggest that G-SYNC becomes effective when it is possible to run the game at a speed of 60 FPS (frames per second). Accordingly, you can see the technology in action at Ultra-HD resolution only on top configurations that include two flagship video accelerators of the GeForce series.
However, the Acer XB280HK perfectly supports resolutions lower than Ultra-HD. For example, with a detail of 2650 by 1440 pixels, the maximum refresh rate of the matrix is 144 hertz.
A group of monitors with IPS, PLS and IGZO IPS matrices with a diagonal of more than 30 inches
It's no secret that the use of matrices in monitors with IPS technology and PLS can significantly improve image properties, bringing it closer to professional requirements for working with graphics. It is also difficult to imagine professional use of the monitor without the ergonomic design of the device and its wide functionality. All this together significantly increases the cost of models in this group compared to those described above.
Samsung U32D970Q
What is meant by “marked increase in cost”? For example, let's take the Samsung U32D970Q monitor. It is from the same manufacturer that released the “budget” U28D590D. The “big brother” with a 31.5-inch diagonal PLS matrix is priced three and a half times more - from 80 to 90 thousand rubles, depending on the luck of the buyer.
Naturally, at such an expense, the Samsung U32D970Q is clearly defined as a professional’s tool and is expected to be easy to use and accurate in transmitting images.
The PLS matrix installed in the monitor is an internal development of Samsung. It provides 10-bit color accuracy per channel, for a total color reproduction of 1 billion colors. According to official technical specifications, the Samsung U32D970Q screen has a maximum brightness of 350 candelas per square meter, a contrast ratio of 1000:1 and a refresh rate (Gray to Gray) of 8 milliseconds. Viewing angles are 180 by 180 degrees - which fully complies with the standards of PLS and S-IPS technologies.
The monitor stand allows you to rotate the Samsung U32D970Q, placing it in portrait mode, raise and lower it relative to the table level, rotate it around a vertical axis and tilt it at an angle of up to 25 degrees (5–20 degrees). An external image source can be connected to this model via DVI-D (HDCP), HDMI version 1.4 or one of two DisplayPort ports. Also, the design of the Samsung U32D970Q provides a USB hub of four inputs certified according to version 3.0.
The ambitions of the Samsung U32D970Q as a tool for pros are expressed very clearly in the monitor. Among them, the most interesting are the following things.
Firstly, each unit is individually factory calibrated across 25 screen zones, after which the color coverage is 100% sRGB and 99.5% Adobe RGB.
Secondly, the ability to split the screen into 2 or 4 independent zones, in each of which a separate picture is formed from a separate signal source.
Thirdly, the Samsung U32D970Q has an interesting function of displaying images in two color profiles at once. The choice here is provided between the main mode, High-brightness mode, sRGB, Adobe RGB, SMPTE-C, BT.709, EBU, DCI, DICOM color spaces and three calibration settings remembered by the monitor.
Real use of the Samsung U32D970Q fully confirms its declared qualities. The model has excellent ergonomics, large area screen, very accurate color reproduction, rich settings and excellent detail. The only thing where the manufacturer was a little cunning was the contrast. With problem-free output of snow-white color, the black depth corresponds to the declared value of 1000:1 by barely more than three-quarters.
DELL UP3214Q
Dell occupies a fairly strong position in the monitor market, so it would be strange not to expect it to release a high-quality flagship model with Ultra-HD resolution. This is the DELL UP3214Q monitor with a screen diagonal of 31.5 inches. Its matrix is based on IGZO-IPS technology and has standard definition 3840 by 2160 pixels.
The traditional advantages of IGZO technology are considered to be relatively lower power consumption and a noticeably smaller screen element size. Both are very useful for Ultra-HD monitors, which is why the appearance of such screens of this class devices is quite expected.
Since the screen structure of the DELL UP3214Q is designated as IPS, the basic characteristics of the model are more or less clear: maximum brightness is 350 candelas per square meter, contrast is 1000:1, viewing angle is 178 by 178 degrees, Gray to Gray refresh rate is 8 milliseconds. The Sharp LQ315D1LG9D matrix used in the monitor produces 10 bits per color channel, which allows you to display more than a billion colors.
The communication capabilities of the DELL UP3214Q are quite wide. There is an HDMI port version 1.4 and two DisplayPort ports (full-size and mini) version 1.2. The latter is extremely important to ensure frame rates of 60 hertz in Ultra-HD resolution. Also on the monitor body there is a hub for four (3+1) USB port 3.0 and a slot for reading 6-in-1 flash cards.
The outwardly unremarkable monitor stand is quite good from an ergonomic point of view. It allows you to lower and raise the screen above the table level, rotate it around a vertical axis by 30 degrees in each direction and tilt it at angles from -5 to 20 degrees. Working in portrait mode is not possible for the DELL UP3214Q and the stand does not support the rotation function.
From a professional point of view practical use The DELL UP3214Q is an expensive, but very good tool. The monitor is perfectly calibrated at the factory, but at the same time supports any additional calibration methods. The color gamut of the model is 100% sRGB and 99% Adobe RGB. The contrast and maximum brightness are almost exactly as stated.
LG 31MU97
The topic “The best monitors with Ultra-HD resolution” that we have designated does not formally allow inclusion in the review new monitor LG 31MU97. The resolution of its matrix is 4096 by 2160 pixels - and this is already full 4K with a DCP-P3 certificate from Digital Cinema Color.
However, you cannot ignore this model. It has just begun to hit the markets of the USA, South Korea, Germany, Australia and the UK and is of interest as a new generation of semi-professional monitors, aimed at both graphics and home use.
The LG 31MU97 screen is based on an AH-IPS matrix with a diagonal of 31 inches. Color rendering at the level of 1 billion colors corresponds to the output of 10 bits of information per channel. The monitor officially provides full coverage of the sRGB color space and 99.5% of the Adobe RGB space. The already mentioned certified DCP-P3 is claimed to be 97% covered.
The technical characteristics of the matrix promise a maximum brightness level of 320 candelas per square meter, a contrast of 1000:1 and a Gray to Gray update speed of 5 milliseconds. A very good indicator for an IPS matrix, which makes us talk about the LG 31MU97 as a serious choice for completing a gaming station.
The LG 31MU97 design includes a hub with four USB 3.0 ports and an audio output.
Two HDMI ports version 1.4a and built-in stereo speakers with a power of 5 watts each should help you become part of the new generation LG 31MU97 media center.
Professional use of the monitor for working in graphics packages, photo editors and modeling programs is ensured by a wide range of calibration mechanisms (including software package True Color Pro) and support for the mode of displaying images in two color profiles, already seen in the Samsung U32D970Q.
For all its versatility, the LG 31MU97 tries not to scare you with its price. In countries where the monitor is already available for purchase, its cost is close to $1,500. About how much it will be valued at Russian market will be known soon.
|
|
Matrix | Diagonal | Peculiarity | Price |
| Samsung U28D590D | TN-Film |
28’’
|
|
i 25,000 |
| Acer XB280HK |
|
i 31,000 | ||
| Samsung U32D970Q | PLS | 31,5’’
|
|
i 86,000 |
| DELL UP3214Q | IPS |
|
i 120,000 | |
| LG 31MU97 | 31"" |
|
1500 USD |
The semiconductor material IGZO gets its name from the first letters of its constituent elements - indium, gallium and zinc (Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide). This semiconductor can be used as a communication channel for transparent thin-film transistors. It is possible that in the near future IGZO will replace silicon semiconductors in LCD applications. IGZO electrons are 20-50 times more mobile than silicon electrons. This property makes it possible to significantly reduce pixel sizes and, due to their compaction, obtain a higher screen resolution than HD, as well as significantly reduce the response time of a TFT screen. Transistors made using IGZO technology do not need to constantly update their state while displaying a static picture, which reduces the influence of interference from the electronic components of the display and significantly reduces power consumption.
Amorphous silicon, which is used in modern displays, is an opaque material, so film transistors made from it are translucent, meaning they can transmit a small amount of light. Transistors made from IGZO are more transparent, which improves image quality. In addition, to reproduce the image on the screen, a less powerful backlight is required, which, in turn, reduces power consumption.
The promising semiconductor IGZO became known quite a long time ago, but its use in mass production was delayed, as many companies did not want to take on the risks of unjustified investments. Sharp's research laboratories carried out tremendous work to study this material, and it was thanks to this company that it was possible to bring IGZO technology into mass production of TFT panels.
In search of investors, Sharp demonstrated its displays to electronics manufacturers such as Lenovo Group, Dell, and Hewlett-Packard. The new technology made a good impression on Apple, which became IGZO's largest investor. New development It didn’t take long to wait: the Apple company used IGZO technology in its iPad Air tablets.
A serious competitor to IGZO can be called another new technology - LTPS (Low-temperature polycrystalline silicon) - low-temperature polycrystalline silicon. LTPS semiconductor has a high speed of electron movement, which exceeds that of IGZO. Displays made using this technology have excellent image quality and energy efficiency, but are more expensive and complex to produce than IGZO displays. Perhaps the most striking example of the use of LTPS today is new tablet Kindle Fire HDX, which has a more advanced display than the iPad Air.
Raymond Soneira, representing DisplayMate, said that The displays in iPad Air, made with IGZO, use 57% less energy than its predecessor in iPad 4. This is a huge breakthrough in the industry. By the way, the Kindle Fire's display is even more energy efficient, with a power consumption efficiency that is 30% lower than that of the Air.
IGZO lags behind LTPS in many respects, but due to simpler and cheaper production it can become a serious competitor. Most likely, polycrystalline silicon will be used in expensive high-end devices, and IGZO technology will find its application in regular smartphones, tablets, laptops and so on.
In a few years, very soon, it will be possible to purchase, for example, a computer monitor with an IGZO display that has Ultra HD resolution, and it will cost the same as a regular monitor.
Just a few years ago, choosing a monitor for a personal computer was based on price category, where it was clear that the more expensive device has a high-quality matrix, and the cheap monitor does not shine with characteristics. At the moment, the monitor market is divided according to screen size; each manufacturer produces devices with different technologies matrices. Because of this, the purchasing choice has become more complicated. This article will help users choose the right monitor matrix type. Which better screen purchase on the market, for what purposes and how it differs from competitors, will be presented in an accessible form.
To make it clearer
Before choosing the type of monitor matrix, you need to understand the principle of its operation, as well as identify all the advantages and disadvantages. Having compiled a list of needs (for what purposes this device is purchased), it will be very easy to compare what is actual with what is desired. If you do not affect the screen size, the use of the monitor is distributed according to needs into several groups:
- Office monitor. A high contrast level is the only requirement.
- Designer's computer (photo, pre-press). Accurate color reproduction is important.
- Multimedia. Watching movies requires wide viewing angles and true black color on the screen.
- Gaming computer. Important indicator- matrix response time.
The production technology and the movement of electrons between matrices is unlikely to be of interest to anyone, so this article will discuss the advantages and disadvantages, and also use data from the media - reviews from owners and recommendations from sellers. Having found out what technologies exist, all that remains is to combine them with the stated requirements and the funds allocated for the purchase of the monitor.
The state employee does not give up positions
The TN (Twisted Nematic) monitor matrix type is considered a long-liver among its competitors on the market. Due to its low price and availability, monitors with this matrix are installed in all government and educational institutions, offices of many companies around the world and in large enterprises. According to statistics, 90% of all monitors in the world have a TN matrix. Along with the price, another advantage of such a monitor is the short response time of the matrix. This parameter is very important in dynamic games, where rendering speed plays a paramount role.
But the color rendering and viewing angle of such monitors did not work out. Even upgrading the TN matrix by adding an additional layer to increase viewing angles did not give desired results, just added “+film” to the name of the screen type. We must not forget about energy consumption, which significantly exceeds the operating mode of all competitors.
But still
Apart from office use, TN+film is the best type of monitor matrix for gaming. After all, most gamers prefer to overpay for high-performance components such as a processor or video card, but they can save money on the screen. However, do not forget about color rendering; in modern games, developers try to make the plot as realistic as possible, and without a real rendering of all colors and shades, this will be very difficult to achieve.
As a result, apart from the low price and short response time, the TN matrix will not be able to surprise a potential buyer with anything. After all, it’s very hard to ignore the shortcomings:
- Low color rendering with the inability to display perfect blacks. The defect is visible when watching dynamic films where all the action takes place in the dark - “Van Helsing”, “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows”, “Dracula” and the like.
- The low cost of production leads to a high probability of acquiring a defective matrix, the dead pixel of which is immediately visible, because it is painted white.
- Very low viewing angles do not allow you to contemplate the picture on the screen with a large family.
A step in the right direction
The monitor matrix type VA (Vertical Alignment) uses technology with vertical ordering of molecules, and in the post-Soviet space is better known under the MVA or PVA markings. And more recently, the suffix “S”, which stands for “Super,” was added to the existing modifications, but the monitors did not acquire any special characteristics compared to their competitors, except that they became slightly more expensive.
VA technology was intended to eliminate defects in TN+film matrices, and manufacturers were able to achieve certain results, but when comparing these two screens, the user will find that they have opposite characteristics. That is, the disadvantages of VA matrices are the advantages of TN, and the advantages of VA are the disadvantages of cheap matrices. What the manufacturers were thinking is unknown, but the situation on the market has not yet changed for these matrices, even with the introduction of the “Super” label.
Advantages and disadvantages of VA technology
If VA technology is compared with the cheapest matrix on the market, TN+film, then the advantages are obvious: excellent viewing angles, very high-quality color reproduction with deep blacks. Essentially, this type of photo monitor is the best in its price range. The only thing that confuses me is the response time. Compared to a cheap TN screen, it is several times higher. Naturally, a device with such a matrix will not be suitable for game lovers, since the dynamic picture will be constantly blurred.
But designers, layout designers, amateur photographers and all professionals who need to work with real color and its shades will like monitors with VA technology. In addition, the wide viewing angle, even with a strong tilt, does not distort the image on the screen. Such monitors are suitable for multimedia - watching any movies with your family will be interesting, because the screen provides the opportunity to see real black color, and not its semblance in the form of fifty shades of gray.
No flaws?
IPS matrices and their various modifications have been on the market for quite a long time. However, their cost is not as attractive to buyers as the impeccable characteristics of screens that use an expensive type of monitor matrix. Only Apple knows which screen is better for a businessman and designer, the president of a company or a traveler, because all of its devices, without exception, have IPS (In-Plane Switching) matrix technology.
From year to year, all kinds of technologies appear, experts are trying to improve the quality of an already expensive and high-quality matrix, as a result of which there are a number of modifications on the market: AH-IPS, P-IPS, H-IPS, S-IPS, e-IPS. The difference between them is minor, but it is there. For example, e-IPS (Enhanced) has technology that increases screen contrast and brightness, and also reduces response time. The professional P-IPS series can display 30-bit color, but it’s a pity that the user will not clearly notice this.
Reach your dreams
Without going into deciphering the modifications of the IPS matrix, you can see that this technology is a kind of symbiosis of VA and TN+film production. Naturally, only the advantages were selected that were embodied in one device. For example, the type of monitor matrix AH-IPS (Advanced High performance) is a direct competitor plasma panels, which have no analogues in the world in terms of the quality of high-definition picture reproduction. Such a serious statement was made back in 2011, but apart from the inflated price for a device with an AH-IPS matrix, it has not yet been possible to prove its superiority.
And yet, if a game lover has a question about which type of monitor matrix to choose - IPS or TN, then the right decision would be to purchase a more expensive and high-quality screen. Even though the price of the device is several times higher than its cheap competitor, spending time with your favorite toy will be more interesting. After all, realistic picture quality will always remain in first place.
Fun games manufacturers
We will talk primarily about Korean giant Samsung, who constantly strives to invent a new technology, but he does not always succeed, because along with the quality, the buyer is also interested in the cost of the device, which for some reason tends to increase disproportionately.
Introducing single pixel separation technology Samsung managed to achieve better image clarity. This is primarily noticeable on the screen when typing multi-colored text in small font. The technology was approved by many layout designers, and monitors with PVA markings quickly found fans.
The WVA monitor matrix type was an improved version of technology from Samsung, and, judging by the low cost of the devices, it competed freely in the market. The shortcoming with the matrix response speed in all devices created using VA technology has not been eliminated.
Radical solution
The type of monitor matrix AH-IPS was of interest only to buyers in developed countries of the world. After all, you have to pay a lot for the best quality a large amount, which is unaffordable for residents of the post-Soviet space. And there is no point in purchasing a monitor that is slightly more expensive than a modern assembled personal computer. Therefore, manufacturers of expensive devices had to reduce the cost of technology by reducing the quality in the production of components. So it appeared on the market new type PLS (plane-to-line switching) monitor matrices.
After analyzing the characteristics and studying the operating principle of the new matrix, you might think that this is just an improved modification of the PVA matrix from Samsung. This is true. As it turned out, this technology the manufacturer developed it a long time ago, but its implementation occurred quite recently, when there was a huge price difference between middle-class and expensive devices, and there was an urgent need to fill the empty price niche.
Who won?
Apparently, this is the only case when in the war between manufacturers for the sales market, the buyer wins, who receives a worthy device in terms of its characteristics at a price that is quite acceptable to him. The disadvantage is the small selection of manufacturers, because Samsung has not released the technology beyond its concerns, so the Korean brand has few competitors - Philips and AOC.
But, faced with a choice, which better type monitor matrices - IPS or PLS, a potential buyer who decides to save money will definitely give preference to the latter. After all, in fact, there is not much difference between the devices. And if you pay attention to the fact that most mobile devices, including tablets, have PLS matrix, which is very often presented by the seller as a more expensive IPS, then there is only one conclusion.
In pursuit of perfection
Not long ago, Sharp introduced a type of monitor matrix made using IGZO (indium, gallium and zinc oxide) technology. According to the manufacturer, the material has very high conductivity and lower power consumption, resulting in a higher pixel density per square inch. Essentially, IGZO technology is suitable for the production of 4K resolution monitors and all mobile devices produced in Ultra HD format.
The technology is far from cheap, and prices for monitors and TVs with IGZO matrix are breaking world records. However, the well-known company Apple got its bearings very quickly, concluding contracts with the matrix manufacturer. This means that this technology is the future; all that remains is to wait for the price to drop on the world market.
Best choice for gamer
Having studied existing production technologies, you can without hesitation determine which type of monitor matrix is better. For games, response time and color rendition are a priority, so the choice here is limited. For those who want to save money, a device with a PLS matrix is quite suitable. Although the choice among manufacturers is small, it is possible to decide among the modifications. In addition to the standard type of matrix, the manufacturer offers an improved Super-PLS model, in which the brightness and contrast are higher, and the screen allows you to display a resolution exceeding FullHD.
But if the price of the issue is not critical for the buyer, then an IPS screen will allow you to enjoy the most realistic picture. You won’t be able to get confused by the markings, because they all boil down to improving the viewing angle and dynamic contrast. The only difference is the price - the better, the more expensive. By giving preference to a device with an IPS monitor matrix type, a gamer will not go wrong.
Photo processing and graphics are a priority
It is clear that an IPS device is suitable for designers and layout designers. But is there any point in overpaying? After all, photo processing and layout involve working with colors and their shades. The response time of the matrix is not considered at all. Professionals recommend not to waste money and choose a VA type of monitor matrix. Yes, this is old technology, yes, this is the last century, but in terms of “price-quality” criteria, matrices of this type have no competitors. And if you want to purchase some of the new products, then you can opt for a PLS matrix.
If there is a need to work on a high-resolution monitor, for example 4K, then professionals recommend giving preference to IGZO devices. Their price is not so far from the popular ones IPS screens, but they are undoubtedly better in quality.
Multimedia lovers can save money
Oddly enough, but for those who like to watch movies on a monitor screen and surf the Internet, purchasing a device with a TN+film matrix is quite enough. An inexpensive gadget with an improved screen can easily replace a small TV. The problem can only appear in dark dynamic scenes, where instead of a black background the viewer will have to observe a gray cloud. If this is critical, you need to look towards VA matrices. Yes, the price is higher, but the problem with color rendering will be solved. In addition, the buyer will receive very high contrast and large viewing angles. Don't forget about the physical resolution of the matrix - the higher it is, the better the picture.
Office option
It would seem that the universal type of TN+film monitor matrix would be perfect for working with text. But, as practice shows, working with small print behind such a screen is extremely inconvenient. And if a monitor is purchased specifically for working with large volumes of text, then you should worry about your vision. The closest technology to TN at an affordable price is VA. Regardless of the manufacturer and screen size, such a device will allow you to sit at the computer for more than one hour without any problems.
When choosing a monitor for office work, attention should be paid to both the size and physical resolution of the matrix. The diagonal of the screen for working with text should not exceed the distance from the user’s eyes to the matrix. It is also recommended to select office monitors with an aspect ratio of 4:3, because in this ratio more readable information is placed on the screen.
New trend: for your loved one
Having studied all existing LCD screen technologies, before choosing the type of monitor matrix, potential buyer It is worth getting acquainted with the information obtained through user surveys in the media.
- The monitor is a durable purchase. That is, the next acquisition, with a high probability, will not be earlier than in 10 years.
- In 99% of cases, the stated requirements for equipment do not coincide with operating conditions. That is, gaming battles are taking place on an office monitor, while only news feeds are viewed on elite devices.
- Multi-connection. For convenience, 25% of users in the world connect several monitors (2, 3, 4) to one computer, and the number of such owners is constantly growing. The convenience is that each connected device has a specific role - games, movies, office, etc.
The above information allows you to rethink your earlier knowledge. It is recommended to make a purchase based not on needs, but on desire and capabilities. Essentially, you should focus on the most expensive and high-quality device that the user can afford. You can't save money here.
Finally
Having found out which type of monitor matrix is best for the user, what the letter markings on the device’s display mean and how it affects price and quality, you can begin to select the diagonal. However, many IT experts recommend paying attention to the resolution of the screen - how many dots per square inch it can display. Often right choice required resolution leads to the purchase of a monitor with a smaller diagonal, and, accordingly, to significant savings Money. The monitor manufacturer plays an important role - the matrix of its own production, the presence of a service center at the place of residence and a long warranty period hint to the future owner that he is purchasing a worthy device that will never let you down.
Apparently, it has every chance of winning the 4K format race. After all, it became the first computer display manufacturer to introduce production model- ASUS PQ321QE. By the way, this breakthrough reminds, in our opinion, of the similarities between ASUS and Samsung: the Taiwanese, like the Koreans, strive to become the best in all areas at once. And, we must admit, they succeed very well.
Our guest today is a special monitor in every sense. Firstly, it has a gigantic diagonal of 31.5 inches. Secondly, its panel has a resolution of 3840x2160, unprecedented among computer monitors. Thirdly, the display matrix is designed according to latest technology IGZO, developed by Sharp. And fourthly, ASUS PQ321QE is so far the only monitor on the market with such characteristics. But first things first.
The increase in screen diagonals, as we have already said, caused an increase in the resolution of the panels. An array of elements corresponding to Full HD resolution, for example, for monitors with 27-inch matrices was no longer enough, since every point on the screen could be seen with the naked eye from the usual distance that separates the user from the display. Therefore, advanced models received screens with a resolution of 2560x1440 or 2560x1600. Apparently, ASUS company decided not to wait for the moment when such an array was not enough for the ever-increasing diagonals of monitors, and equipped new model panel with 4K resolution.
There are four varieties of this format: full-frame (4096x3112), academic (3656x2664), widescreen (4096x1714) and boxed (3996x2160). True, the resolution of the matrix of our today's guest does not correspond to any of the specified substandards. In fact, everything is simpler than it seems: 3840x2160 means four Full HD screens. This way, in our opinion, is more common. Most likely, in the future, computer monitor manufacturers will focus on this resolution. As for support from video card manufacturers, for today's video adapters it is not particularly difficult to reproduce a picture with any aspect ratio.
As we have already mentioned, the ASUS PQ321QE matrix is made using IGZO technology. The name is an abbreviation and stands for Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide - oxide of indium, zinc and gallium." This material is also a semiconductor and is intended to replace amorphous silicon in the active layer of liquid crystal displays. One of its main features is the ability to create smaller control thin-film transistors. And this, in turn, allows you to reduce the size of the image element, increase its speed and pixel density, and also reduce power consumption. In addition, the matrices themselves may be thinner than analogues made using other technological processes. All these advantages are important primarily in mobile devices, which explains Apple’s interest in the technology. However, Sharp has demonstrated that it can produce displays of almost any size.
Among other things, it is worth mentioning the internal representation of basic colors in the form of binary ten-bit numbers. This allows a total of more than one billion shades to be displayed. Such a huge number of color gradations is necessary primarily for a smoother display of various color gradients, such as the dawn sky or the water surface of a lake. All these advantages allow us to consider ASUS PQ321QE a truly innovative product. And we can’t wait to try it out in action.
By the way, our guest today will apparently not be alone for long: Dell announced a display in the summer Dell UltraSharp 32, which has similar characteristics and will go on sale in the very near future. And Sharp has additionally equipped its Sharp PN-K322B model with a touch layer. It is worth noting that for those who find the 31.5-inch screen size not suitable enough for work, ASUS showed at Computex 2013 another display with the same resolution, but with a diagonal of 39 inches.
⇡ Technical specifications
| ASUS PQ321QE | |
|---|---|
| Screen | |
| Iiyama ProLite XB2776QS | 31,5 |
| Aspect Ratio | 16:9 |
| Coating | Matte |
| Standard resolution, pix. | 3840x2160 |
| PPI | 139,8 |
| Image Options | |
| Matrix type | IGZO |
| Backlight type | W-LED |
| Max. brightness, cd/m2 | 350 |
| Contrast static | 800:1 |
| Dynamic contrast | N.d. |
| Number of colors displayed | 1.07 billion |
| Horizontal frequency, kHz | N.d. |
| Vertical frequency, Hz | N.d. |
| Response time BtW, ms | N.d. |
| GtG response time, ms | 8 |
| Maximum viewing angles horizontal/vertical, ° | 176/176 |
| Connectors | |
| Video inputs | 1 x DisplayPort |
| Additional ports | 1 x Audio In 1 x Audio Out RS-232C |
| Built-in speakers: number x power, W | 2x2 |
| Physical parameters | |
| Adjusting the screen position | Tilt angle, rotation, height adjustment |
| VESA mount: dimensions (mm) | 200x200 |
| Kensington lock mount | Eat |
| power unit | External |
| Max. power consumption: operating / standby (W) | 93/6 |
| Overall dimensions (with stand): LxHxD, mm | 750x489x256 |
| Overall dimensions (without stand): LxHxD, mm | N.d. |
| Net weight (with stand), kg | 13 |
| Net weight (without stand), kg | N.d. |
| Warranty period, years | 3 |
| price, rub. | No data |
So, the display brightness is stated at 350 cd/m2. This is not a record value for this parameter, but still one of the highest. The contrast is 800:1. Compared to the vast majority of models on the market, for which 1000:1 is stated, our guest today looks a little inconspicuous. However, in our opinion, this meaning is much closer to the truth - and this cannot but inspire respect. There is no dynamic contrast - and rightly so.
The response time of the matrix is as much as 8 ms. In modern times, when even relatively slow IPS panels reach 5 ms, this is quite a lot. As for support for video interfaces, everything is very simple: the developers equipped the model only with a DisplayPort connector - in this case, necessary and sufficient. The power supply is external - this is not very convenient when placing the monitor on the wall. In our opinion, with such considerable dimensions of the model, it was possible to try to mark the secondary voltage source inside. To hang the display on the wall, the developers have provided seat for standard VESA mount 200x200 format. Indeed, this format is better suited for such a huge panel than the usual 100x100. By the way, to dismantle the support you will have to use a screwdriver.
The energy consumption of the model, despite the assurances of the panel developers, is quite high - 93 W. In our opinion, the reason for this is primarily the impressive declared brightness, as well as the solid size of the screen. However, even this does not explain such a high value: if you calculate the proportion relative to the area of a 27-inch diagonal screen with the same rated luminosity, you should get only 59 W. The solid weight of 13 kg gives the monitor additional stability on the work surface.
⇡ Packaging, delivery set
The packaging of the model matches the display, is just as large, and its weight is as much as 17 kg! These data must be kept in mind when purchasing, since there is no usual plastic handle on the top edge of the box (it simply cannot cope with such a mass), and there are only a couple of slots for fingers on the sides. If it weren't for the image of the monitor on the packaging, you would think there was a TV inside.
We have a monitor in front of us that has already been tested, so let’s check the instructions, which can be downloaded on the company’s official website, and find out how much the equipment matches the list of accessories included with the display.
ASUS PQ321QE - packaging
In addition to the monitor itself, the box contains the following accessories:
- DisplayPort to DisplayPort cable;
- USB cable to USB;
- RS-232C to mini jack cable;
- power unit;
- power cable;
- set of cable clamps;
- set of screws;
- hex wrench;
- Quick Start Guide;
- manual;
- warranty card.
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ASUS PQ321QE - scope of delivery
The list of accessories matches exactly what we found inside. Also worth considering is the undocumented USB to USB cable. It is worth noting, and this is traditional for ASUS, that the monitor’s equipment is very rich. There's everything you need to get started right away, plus a few nice touches like plastic clips to keep everything organized. cable connections display.
As usual, in order to use the space inside the package more efficiently, the developers made the design consisting of three parts: the base of the support, the support itself and the liquid crystal panel. To connect these parts you will need a screwdriver and a hex key included in the kit. Next, all that remains is to connect the power wires and interface cables, after which you can get to work.
ASUS PQ321QE - delivery set: panel and support assembly
⇡ Design, assembly
Even a brief acquaintance with the design of the model allows us to assess how convenient our guest today will be in everyday use. Its design means that the user can adjust the position of the panel as it is convenient for him, and also quickly change it in accordance with the current task. At the same time, the appearance of the display will not distract attention - e If it weren't for its outstanding dimensions, the ASUS PQ321QE would be no different from dozens of similar displays. Everything here is designed for practicality and ease of use for a long time, and not for an instant wow effect. Clear geometric lines seem to be drawn using a ruler. Matte textures go well with various shades of grey. The front panel is decorated only with the company logo and an inconspicuous DisplayPort icon.
To say that the device looks impressive on the desktop is just stating an obvious fact. The screen occupies almost all of the user's visible space, leaving only a small part for other environments. And when the image appears on the screen, the ASUS PQ321QE user will definitely feel what it means to be “absorbed by the spectacle.”
Our guest today uses LED backlight, however, despite the use of an external power supply, the panel cannot be called very thin. In our opinion, the reason for this is the reinforced design of the screen frame and serious passive cooling to ensure silent operation.
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Such models, if we talk about flagships, are usually equipped with all possible interfaces. However, in our case, the developers installed only a DisplayPort connector. And it is right. The fact is that only this digital interface can transmit the entire huge video stream without loss. For comparison: to ensure full operation of the similar ASUS PQ321Q model, two HDMI cables are required at once. Well, there’s no talk of analog protocols.
It is worth noting that a model of this level would not have needed a full-fledged USB hub of the third version. But he's not here. But our guest today is a full-fledged multimedia device. This is very convenient because you can watch a movie or listen to music without worrying about additional equipment. Moreover, for these purposes you only need one cable. However, for demanding users there is always the option of connecting external acoustics. By the way, the built-in sound sources do not reveal their location even with careful inspection.
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Of course, we cannot fail to note the multifunctional support. Here you can adjust all possible degrees of freedom: height, panel tilt angle, rotation around the axis of the support - and rotation of the display from horizontal to vertical position. However, it is worth noting that changing the height is somewhat difficult: the mechanism seems to be holding something in place - you need to apply force to move the panel. Moreover, despite the stated possibility of portrait and landscape orientation, the panel could not be rotated, and excessive efforts could damage the mechanism.
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The monitor is controlled using classic keys located on its right side. They are pressed gently and allow you to quickly configure the display. Unfortunately, during testing, my finger periodically hit the screen off button, which, due to the characteristics of the video card, led to the need to restart the computer. Well, as usual, the manufacturer did not provide any illumination of the controls, but this technical solution could greatly help users who prefer to work in low ambient light conditions. It is worth noting that the controls allow you not only to navigate through the menu, but also to adjust the brightness and volume of the built-in acoustics.
⇡Settings
The model’s menu is clearly structured—it won’t be difficult to understand. However, the design is such that one gets the impression that this is not a production model, but an engineering one.
The “Image” item allows you to adjust picture parameters such as brightness, contrast, black level, hue, color and sharpness. In addition, there are additional settings Colors, where you can select the image processing mode, the gamma curve indicator and one of the color temperature presets, and also set it by channel-by-channel adjustment of the basic colors. In addition, here you can determine the color range of the input signal, as well as general reset all settings to factory level.
The “Setup” submenu is responsible for monitor functions such as interface language, audio input selection, and data transfer rate for the service port.
The “Monitor” item allows you to select the orientation of the panel, as well as enable sleep mode in case of prolonged inactivity.
In the "Other" submenu, you can activate the after-image suppression function, select the input signal display method, turn off the sound, and also display all information about the monitor.
In addition to all these settings available in the main menu, there are additional, hidden adjustments. A certain combination of buttons displays a special window with the heading “Functions”, which allows you to completely reset all parameters, block the ability for other users to configure the monitor and control via service port, determine the display of the main menu, activate the power LED and display messages about hardware errors and monitor overheating.
It is worth noting the excellently written instruction manual. There is everything here - from assembling the monitor and methods of laying power and signal cables to a description of setting up and controlling the display using the service COM port. This instruction will be useful for both beginners and experienced users.
As for the quality of menu localization, it is generally at a good level, but some terms, such as “VOICELESS AUDIO,” make you smile.
⇡ How 4K works
Connecting 4K screens is not yet very easy. Firstly, ASUS PQ321QE, like its future brothers, is a “tiled” monitor. This means that it contains two controllers, each of which serves its half of the matrix. The computer perceives this as two separate logical displays that need to be connected into one using software solutions such as AMD Eyefinity or NVIDIA Surround.
Why such difficulties? It’s just that there are no monitor controllers on the market yet that could process such an insane amount of data in real time. For example, with a resolution of 4096x2160, 24-bit color and a refresh rate of 60 Hz, a stream of more than 500 Mp/s occurs. Hence the need for a “tiled” design until chips with appropriate performance appear.
And don’t be confused by the fact that ASUS PQ321QE is content with a single DisplayPort cable to connect to a video card. In this case, the interface must operate in MST (Multi-Stream Transport) mode in order to transmit data to several (in this case logical) displays through a common port. Among discrete video cards, DisplayPort 1.2 specifications, which include MST, are met by models on NVIDIA GPUs, starting with the GeForce 600 on the Kepler architecture, and AMD - with the Radeon HD 6000. Intel integrated graphics received support for DisplayPort 1.2 in Haswell processors, and AMD APUs again - a little earlier - in the Trinity generation. We must keep this in mind, because with more earlier versions DisplayPort maximum screen resolution will be limited to the modest WQHD standard - 2560x1440.
Moreover, unlike the ASUS PQ321Q model, in the case of the ASUS PQ321QE a workaround is impossible - it cannot be connected to the video card by two separate HDMI cables by virtue of complete absence such ports. In practice, assembling a combined desktop from two logical displays went quite smoothly. NVIDIA Driver automatically turns on Surround mode from two monitors, guessing correctly mutual arrangement"tiles". AMD's software requires you to enable and configure Eyefinity yourself, but subsequently everything works equally well on video cards from both manufacturers. The only complaint against AMD is that when you reconnect the cable, the signal disappears and you have to restart the PC.
The ASUS monitor easily displays everything that happens before Windows boot, with one caveat: if the video card is from AMD, then the display correctly switches to SST (Single-Stream Transport) mode, in which the low-resolution image is placed in the center. In combination with an NVIDIA video card, the monitor does not want to exit MST, and as a result, the BIOS is displayed in the left “tile”, which, however, is completely unimportant from a practical point of view. Well, now let's move on to the tests.
As usual, all image presets are ready-made combinations of brightness, contrast, hue, gamma curve, and color temperature. Moreover, within each preset you can adjust all available parameters, and these settings are saved even after switching to other modes. In addition, some indicators can be changed regardless of the selected mode. Due to the availability of adjustments for all possible parameters, as well as the lack of influence of any settings, the “Standard” mode is currently becoming the main contender for the title of custom.