4g antenna diagram and drawings. Installing antennas for a modem yourself

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Now in amateur radio practice, antennas for amplifying 3G, 4G, Wi-Fi signals of the “Biquadrat” type are very common.

Such an antenna has a directional effect, which may not always be an advantage, but even a disadvantage. An example is this: you need to strengthen the signal of your router so that you can catch it in any part of your house. If you use a directional antenna, the signal will most likely be well accessible only within the field of action of this antenna. Surely there will be only one room where it will be directed. This antenna is good to use only for long distance communication, provided you know where to send it.
To strengthen your WI-FI signal in all directions an antenna will do which I will show you. In its directional characteristics it is close to whip antenna, except for greater sensitivity.
In structure, it is actually the same biquadrate, only twice directed in opposite directions. Plus, this antenna is many times simpler than a classic biquad antenna, since it has neither a stand nor a reflector.

How to calculate an antenna?

Just please don't be scared, fifth grade math. We only need to calculate one arm since the antenna is square. But first we need to find out at what frequency we will make the antenna. Personally, in the example I will do it under WI-FI. It is known that the WI-FI frequency is approximately 2.4 GHz or 2400 MHz (there are also even more modern Wi-Fi– 5500 MHz). If you do it under 3G - 2100 MHz, and 4G (YOTA) - 2600 MHz.
We take the speed of propagation of radio waves (300,000 km/s) and divide by the desired frequency (2400 MHz) in kilohertz.
300.000/2.400.000 = 0.125 m
This is how we got the wavelength. Now divide by four and get the length of the arm of the square.
0.125/4 will approximately turn out to be 0.0315 m. Let's convert it to millimeters for convenience and get 31.5 mm.

Making a simple DIY Wi-Fi antenna

Brem thick wire 2-3 mm thick. And a template cut from a piece of aluminum. You can, of course, do without it, but it’s easier with it.

We bend two loops from one wire and two from the other. The gap should be between the squares.

Then, I temporarily fix the squares crosswise with masking tape to make soldering easier. And I solder the middle on top so that the structure becomes rigid.

Now you need to take a thick piece of cable with a connector (you can take it from the same whip antenna).

Insert the antenna inside and solder it. The middle wire goes to the top, and the lower arms of the squares go to the common wire.

The antenna is ready. To finish, you can fill the solder joint with hot glue and paint it.

Antenna tests

Let's compare the signal strength with the whip antenna that originally came with the router.

Whip antenna:

Now in comparison. The first one is pin and then our omnidirectional biquad.

It can be seen that our antenna receives and amplifies the signal 30% better. Here is the result of the work.
A good signal level is the key to high Internet speed, which means stable operation. 30 percent is a very high figure, considering the fact that nothing had to be changed radically.
Make your own simple antenna for 3G, 4G or Wi-Fi and no longer suffer with an unstable and weak signal.

This design got its name from the name of the discoverer’s engineer, Kharchenko. Structurally, the antenna consists of two squares connected at one of their vertices with disconnected sides. Power is supplied at the connection points of the squares, while the input impedance of the antenna is close to 50 Ohms. This antenna has enormous bandwidth compared to its constituent elements - squares. Today there are a huge number of variants of the Kharchenko antenna, in which instead of squares, circles, triangles, etc. are used to compose its canvas. Previously, the Kharchenko antenna was used to work in TV and VHF bands, and today it is mainly made to enhance WI-FI signals, 3G and 4G.

This homemade design will easily cover the entire frequency range of modern digital television in the range from 470 to 900 MHz. At the same time, its parameters are simply amazing, and even a novice radio amateur can handle the coordination.

The homemade design consists of two squares. Both stand on the corners and are connected at one corner. In the case of horizontal polarization, the figure eight stands upright, and in the case of vertical polarization, it lies on its side.

The side of the square is determined by the formula as the wavelength ( λ ), divided by four.

We connect the power cable to the points of convergence of the sides of the squares.

The “eight” is made from monolithic copper wire with a cross section of 4 mm 2. Using pliers, bend the wire as shown in the figure below. We solder the ends together.

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Then we need an aluminum plate with a thickness of 2 mm and dimensions of 140 x 140 mm. It will work as a reflector. In the center of the plate you need to drill a hole for the cable. Next, you need to fix the antenna in the center of the reflector at a distance of 3.6 centimeters, while the reflector and the antenna should not come into contact.

Having drilled holes for the clamps in the aluminum plate, I put the structure on the bracket from the satellite dish. Then I solder the cable, first passing it through the hole in the reflector.

Because characteristic impedance antennas are 50 Ohm, so a cable for this value was used. In addition, the conductor in such a cable turned out to be entirely made of copper and is very easy to solder to the structure.

After the antenna is assembled, at the other end of the cable that will be connected to the modem, you need to assemble a matching device for the 4G modem. To do this, we need some copper foil from which is used for. See the photos below for the assembly sequence:

If there is a connector for external antenna, then the cable can be connected to it via an adapter. The 4G antenna is adjusted experimentally; it can be rotated along the axis of the bracket until we get a clear signal. We judge the quality of the signal by the number of “sticks” in the program connection interface.

High-speed Internet in modern world is an integral part of human life. It is known that connection to World Wide Web on a computer occurs via a modem, which is divided into landline and wireless. If this is cable equipment, everything is quite simple and the speed is high. If you use a portable modem (2G, 3G or 4G), it is not always possible to get a high-quality high-speed connection. And here a banal antenna can come to the rescue.

Instructions for making an antenna for a 4G modem yourself.

You shouldn't immediately rush and buy an industrially manufactured amplifier. It is quite expensive and does not fit every modem, as it requires a built-in connector or an additional adapter, which is comparable in cost to the 3G or 4G router itself. And then, naturally, the question arises of how to make an antenna for a modem with your own hands, without having certain skills.

Before you look at how to make your own amplifier, you should know the reasons for a poor Internet connection, on which the quality of communication largely depends.

Normal network overload.
A long distance from the modem to the provider's station.
Finding a 4G device in a certain part of the house.
Obstacles between the router and the dispenser.

How can you increase the router signal?

If you purchased a 4G modem, for example, Megafon, to replace an old router, and the declared speed remains the same, then the problem most likely lies in a weak signal in this area. In this case, you can make a compact antenna with your own hands.

How to make your own antenna for a modem

It's no secret that the main criterion efficient work modern 4G router, be it Beeline, Megafon, MTS, etc. is not the number shown control program percent, decibels and sticks on the wi-fi scale, but a real increase in speed. And the discrepancy between the speed parameters and in kind The acquired modem is not yet a reason to refuse this or that Internet service provider. If there is a signal, then it is quite possible to amplify it, while increasing the speed and quality, using a home-made antenna.

Wire antenna

This is the simplest and most primitive option for do-it-yourself signal amplification. You need to take an ordinary copper wire and wrap one end of it 3-4 turns top part 4G modem. Raise the other end up. This method will not strengthen the signal much, but can still make the connection more stable.

Can antenna

A very common idea that has been circulating among users of such routers for a long time and has enjoyed some success. But this method requires the ability to solder the parts yourself, otherwise you can damage the modem itself.

First, you need to make a hole at the bottom of a tin can (can be a coffee can) for a tin bushing that will need to be soldered.
Then, in the center between the bottom and top part, make a section that matches the dimensions of the 4G modem.
Afterwards, insert the router itself into the hole made with the entrance facing outwards and point the amplifier towards the operator’s tower.
Finally, connect the device to the computer using a USB cable of as short a length as possible.

IMPORTANT. It is better to install this design under the ceiling so that nothing interferes with signal reception.

This design is considered the most effective of all types of homemade devices and for this you need:

Take a copper wire (3–4 mm) and bend it so that 2 identical rhombuses (with an angle of 120°) of small size (with a side of 53 mm) are formed.
At the junction of the diamonds, solder a piece for fastening the high-frequency cable.
To strengthen the antenna, you can attach a metal plate (reflector) to it.
If the 4G modem does not have a connector for an external antenna, then you should wrap the central core of the cable around it with 3-4 turns.

IMPORTANT. There must be a distance of at least 3 cm between the antenna and the reflector.

If you have a satellite dish, you can make a wonderful amplifier with your own hands. To do this, you need to be in focus already installed antenna attach the modem, connect it to the PC using a USB cable and tune it to the desired station. But there is a nuance here: how to configure the antenna yourself. The plate should not be directed upward, like a television, but downward, periodically rotating it and using a special program to monitor changes in the Internet connection. After detecting the maximum value, the antenna must be fixed.

IMPORTANT. The Internet dish should not be connected to the television dish. And to protect the 4G modem from precipitation, you can use a bag or a plastic bottle, this will not affect the signal quality in any way.

To achieve desired result might have to try different variants homemade antennas. The main thing is that each of these methods really works and can really help, even in the most hopeless situation.

Today many people complain about weak internet connection and low speed downloads. In this regard, providers have developed a new connection - 4G. It is superior to 3G and LTE internet. To connect to 4G, you need to strengthen or create a new antenna.

A 4G antenna will not only increase the connection speed, but also improve the quality of its reception. The new generation Internet allows you to play games without lags. Online Games. With a new connection, your fps will increase and your ping will decrease. This will allow you to get a better Internet connection even at the same speed.

Today people are trying to connect to the new high-speed Internet, but not everyone is able to get a high-quality connection. What does this have to do with? This, oddly enough, is not the fault of the operator, but of the equipment. In small towns or villages there is no quality connection. In this case, only a 4G antenna will help, which you can make yourself. We will return to this later. Let's look at what interferes with the Internet connection.

As a rule, this is a normal network overload, but at the same time, there may be other reasons:

A long distance from the station to your modem. This does not make it possible to get a high-quality connection in villages or small towns.
Modem location. Everything from the height at which it is located to the material used in the construction of the house is taken into account.
Modem location. In this case, the obstacle may be forests, high-rise buildings or power lines.

What can be done about this? How to solve a problem? As we have already found out, a 4G antenna will correct the shortcomings in signal transmission. It will strengthen your Internet connection and allow you to receive high speed even in the most abandoned village.

Homemade antennas

Antenna for the only way improve internet connection. Many people are concerned about the question: is it possible to make the necessary structure yourself?

Of course, if you have the necessary knowledge of working with radio equipment, you can start manufacturing. 4G antenna is great way increase your level of working with equipment, learn how to select the right elements and learn something new. You must understand that the antenna for a 4G modem can burn out if it is not manufactured correctly. In order not to lose your money, you must use all manufacturing recommendations.

If you live in a small town or village, you can use an amplifier for a 4G modem. Now you can find many various schemes for assembling such a structure. Of course, if you don't have necessary knowledge, and you will not be able to cope with self-production, then the best option- proprietary 4G antenna MTS or Megafon.

Amplifier for 4G modem

To make an amplifier for a 4G modem, you need to take a can of peas or coffee. You need to make one small hole at the bottom. It will be needed for the bushing, which is made of tin.

After this, the sleeve will need to be soldered. First, you can cut a hole in the body in the shape of the letter "H". It should be the size of the modem cross-section.
It is necessary to insert a modem into the manufactured structure (the center of the can to the top of the modem). After this, you need to point the amplifier in the direction where the operator’s tower is located. All that remains is to connect the Internet to the computer via a USB extension cable.

If you want to get a high speed Internet connection, then you need to use the cable that is used to connect the antenna to the modem as short as possible. This has been proven experimentally.

The modem should also be installed near the ceiling so that nothing interferes with receiving the signal. If you use these recommendations, you can increase your Internet speed.

Kinds

A DIY 4G antenna can be made in different shapes. There are reflective or collective forms. As a rule, the collecting form is attached to the modem, and the reflective form needs to be connected only to the 4G output. Reflectors or reflectors come in different shapes, the main thing is the correct connection.

Application

Unfortunately, such designs can only be used for indoor use. They, like factory amplifiers, are not able to withstand moisture or temperature changes. That's why they are used only at home.

Unfortunately, a simple reflector is not capable of qualitatively improving the signal. 4G is about 10 times more powerful than our homemade one. But this does not mean that the reflector is not capable of improving the quality of the Internet connection.

DIY antenna

To strengthen the signal to the 4G modem, you can make an antenna from a satellite dish. This method is quite effective, since the dish can be tuned to any station, and it receives the signal well. How to make this design? There is nothing complicated here, we need to take a modem and satellite dish. A DIY 4G antenna will be quite primitive. You need to install a modem in the focus of the dish and tune it to the required station. This way we get a pretty good receiver. There shouldn't be any problems with this. Another issue is setup.

Settings

The setup method is similar to how a satellite dish is installed on a television satellite. On the Internet it's a little different. The plate must be directed lower. You may even have to point it down. This is due to the curvature of the reflection. To adjust the satellite dish as efficiently as possible, you need to rotate it and use special program Monitor how your Internet connection changes. Once you are sure you have received maximum value, the antenna must be fixed.

The external 4G antenna is fixed, now we can move on to the next step. Now it's worth experimenting with focus. For different models Modems need to configure the converter holder differently. To do this, you need to change the focus position and monitor the quality of signal reception.

In order to correctly adjust the focus, you need to know that the modem antenna is on the opposite side from the USB. Of course, this is not the case on all models, so it’s worth disassembling it to understand where the receiver is.

If you have not achieved line of sight conditions, then you should raise the structure. Increasing the diameter of the mirror can also help improve signal quality. A 4G directional antenna is capable of picking up signals over a long distance. How is diameter related to reception quality? On average, a dish with a diameter of 1 m provides a fairly good Internet connection at a distance of 30 km from the station. To connect the modem to your computer, you need to buy USB cord. What should it be like? Of course, you should use a high-quality cord, a small cross-section with shielding and ferite at the ends. You can also purchase several of these cords and connect them together, without losing quality.

It should be remembered that you will not be able to use a satellite dish for television and strengthen your Internet connection. Of course, you can attach the modem to a satellite dish to boost the signal a little. But it should be remembered that if the dish is tuned to TV, you do not need to turn it away from the satellite. High quality signal It may work if it is configured for line-of-sight conditions.

Protection

To protect the modem from precipitation, you can make a protective structure. You can use a regular bottle or bag for this. Of course, it is better to create a high-quality protective housing from materials that can withstand temperature changes and moisture.

Conclusion

That's all. If you live in a small town or village, you can use the tips and Of course, people who live in big cities will not need this. The quality and speed of the Internet connection depends on the distance of the modem from the station, the height of the modem and obstacles that may get in the way. Of course, if you do it correctly and connect the amplifier, then regardless of various obstacles, you will be able to get high-speed Internet.

Many people in the modern world use Mobile Internet- with the help of it a person can communicate remotely, receive information and even work. But the provider does not always provide users with a stable connection speed due to the characteristics of communication reception, which may be limited by terrain features, long distance to the transmitter and other factors.

A homemade antenna for a 3g modem will help you improve the speed and range of signal reception. We offer you several instructions on how to make an antenna for a 3G modem with your own hands.

Kharchenko's method

We recently wrote how to make an antenna for television reception with your own hands. But did you know that you can make a homemade antenna for a 3G modem in a similar way?

We will need:

Copper wire or wire, you will need a section of about 30 centimeters;
Coaxial cable with a resistance of 50 or 75 Ohms;
A piece of foil or DVD as a reflector;
Tools: knife, soldering iron, pliers, glue, ruler and pencil;
Plastic bottle cap to separate the antenna from the reflector.

Production of biquadrat Kharchenko

In photographs of homemade antennas for 3G modems you can see its approximate appearance. To begin with, you need to do copper wire Marking with a pencil: the length of the outer side of each square should be approximately 35-36 mm.

Carefully bend the wire along the markings, helping yourself with pliers. You should get a symmetrical design of two squares touching at the corners. Remove the remaining pieces of wire.

Make a hole in the cover and insert the end of the cable into it. Separate the cable, exposing the inner conductor and shield for soldering.

Next, you should solder the antenna to the cable and connect it to the modem. Soldering proceeds as follows: solder the central core to the middle of the antenna on one side, and the screen on the other. Then move the cover towards the antenna; you can further strengthen and insulate the structure with glue or sealant.

Insert the reflector disk into the wire through the hole, move it towards the antenna and glue it to the cover. Solder the connector to the cable on the other side for connecting to the modem. Connect the antenna to the modem. Enjoy the results of your work!

Double ring antenna

The next way to create homemade antenna more difficult to implement, but gives greater effect. To complete it you will need:

Copper wire or wire;
Reflector - a flat long tin can, a piece of foil, etc.;
Coaxial cable with a resistance of 75 Ohms;
A short metal tube into which a cable can be threaded;
Connector for connecting the antenna to the modem;
Tools: soldering iron, knife, ruler and pencil.

Detailed manufacturing instructions:

Look on the Internet for a Bi-Loop antenna diagram for a 3g modem - on it you will see a design similar to the Kharchenko antenna, but in the form of two rings;
Make markings on the wire with a pencil: for waves with a length of 2050 MHz, the length of each ring should be approximately 146 mm;
Carefully bend the wire double ring. You can also make two rings with gaps approximately 3mm long and solder them end to end, leaving the gaps open;
Make a reflector. Minimum dimensions: height - 120 mm, width - 170 mm. Any metal panel will do; you can use foil or tin from a tin can if you have available materials;
Make a hole in the middle of the reflector through which to insert a metal tube - from the side connecting to the antenna, the length of the tube should be approximately 18 mm! Solder the tube to the reflector on the other side;
Separate the cable with a knife: the screen should be soldered and the conductor should be slightly exposed;
Pass the cable into the tube and solder the antenna to it: the upper part should be soldered to the conductor, and the lower part to the copper tube;
Solder the tube and cable braid;
Additionally, to strengthen the signal, you can use a satellite dish by installing a ready-made antenna on the bracket;
The other end of the cable should be connected to the modem connector using a soldering iron;
Connect the antenna to the modem. Ready!

Now you know several ways to make an antenna for a 3G modem with your own hands. The above methods should help you solve problems with low Internet connection speed.