Windows 7 system file recovery programs. Checking and restoring the integrity of Windows system files
Restoring a working system configuration is an interesting, but very voluminous topic. Even the seemingly simple question of how to restore damaged files Windows 7 has several solutions that can be implemented different ways.
The most convenient and easiest method for users is to use the system restore function, which allows you to roll back the configuration to the last working state. But what if this useful feature disabled or checkpoints removed?
The system is booting
If damaged files do not prevent the system from starting, you can try to restore its functionality using the Windows command line.
If the system files are ok, you will see a message like this: 
If the utility detected Windows errors and was able to fix them, the following notification will appear on the screen: 
In any case, the system files have been restored. Now you can restart your computer and enable the function of creating restore points, which will greatly simplify the process of rolling back the system to working condition.
Sometimes users encounter that normal mode Damaged files cannot be restored using the sfc.exe utility. If such a problem occurs, you need to restart the computer, start the system in safe mode with command line support and try running the sfc.exe utility again.
System won't boot
If the computer refuses to boot, you will have to use the recovery environment to restore functionality. You can launch it in two ways:
- By pressing the F8 key when turning on the computer.
- Using the installation disk or flash drive.
The first option works if a boot partition was created when installing Windows and partitioning the disk. If you don't know what this is, still try pressing the F8 key several times when you start your computer. A window with additional download options will appear on the screen, in which you need to select the “Troubleshooting” option. 
So, you are at the command prompt using the first method to launch the recovery environment. In it you need to enter the command sfc /scannow /offbootdir=D:\ /offwindir=D:\windows. 
After a short wait, a message will appear on the screen indicating that the files were successfully restored.
Attention! In the body of the command, instead of the letter “D”, you indicate the designation of your disk on which the operating system is recorded.
If it suddenly happens that you cannot remember the letter of the partition with Windows installed, try the following options for viewing it:
Another way to find out the letter is to use the Diskpart utility.
By the size of the partition you can easily determine which one the system is installed on.
Using bootable media
If you can’t get into the recovery environment using the F8 key, try using an installation disk or flash drive. To do this, you need to configure the BIOS by setting the boot priority.
Enter the command sfc /scannow /offbootdir=D:\ /offwindir=D:\windows and wait for the recovery process to complete system files.
Windows 8
Users who want to recover damaged files on Windows 8 or 8.1 can use another method that allows them to restore functionality to the system file backup storage and replace damaged data.
Windows PowerShell
If the system starts, try opening via initial window or Start menu PowerShell utility. You need to run it with administrator rights. 
In the window that appears, enter the command “Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth”. If the backup storage is intact or can be restored, you will see a message like this: 
After the reboot, you need to launch the command line using one of the methods described above and try to restore files using the “Sfc” utility.
Using a Windows distribution
If Windows PowerShell can't restore the storage on its own backup files, you can try using a disk image with the Windows 8 distribution.
If the first edition doesn't work, try another version. After restarting the computer, try again using the command line to scan the disk and restore files.
The problem of treating damaged Windows 7 files is solved in several ways. The simplest option is to roll back the system configuration to one of the previous working states. However, this is not always feasible, since the corresponding function can be disabled by the user, and control points can be deleted. In addition, recovery will differ depending on whether the corrupted data allows the system to boot or not.
Using the Command Line
If the system files have not been damaged so much as to prevent the system from booting, you can try to restore it to full functionality by entering the command line in the standard way:
- Press Win and R at the same time, in the Run window write down cmd command.exe. You can also get to the line through the start menu.
- Enter sfc /scannow and the scan will start.
When the Run window opens, make sure that there is a line under the input field notifying the user that the command is running with administrator rights.
This line may not appear due to User Account Control being enabled.
Then, after running the sfc /scannow command, you will only be able to see a black window for a moment, which will immediately disappear and the scan will not be carried out.
To avoid this, you must either disable windows control accounts, or run the application as an administrator by selecting the appropriate item in the context menu when right-clicking on the command line program icon.
If the program does not detect an error, a corresponding message will be displayed on the screen upon completion of the check. The utility will also notify you about the detection of various types of errors, which it will try to automatically correct. Next, you only need to reboot the device, after which the problems when accessing the system should disappear.
Sometimes the utility cannot cope with fixing damaged files in normal mode. important files. You need to do the following:
The application will most likely be able to solve the problem and the system files will be fixed.
If you can't log into Windows
Damage significant files may be such that log into the OS in the usual way will be impossible. In this case, use the standard Windows 7 recovery environment, which can be accessed in the manner already described via F8 or via installation disk or boot. You can create the latter in advance using the OS itself.
A boot disk may be needed in case of serious damage file system, when without it it is impossible to boot not only the system, but also the environment in which the OS can be restored. The emergency storage is used as follows:
The program will scan the system and, if necessary, replace all damaged files, after which the system will operate normally.
If you don't use boot disk, then in the window for selecting boot options that opens after pressing F8 when turning on the power, you will need to select the first troubleshooting item. After this, you will be taken to the options window discussed above.
How to find out the letter of the system partition if you have forgotten it
If you suddenly cannot remember the letter of the partition with windows installed, you can find it directly from the command line. For this:
- IN command line write down the line notepad, the standard “Notepad” will open;
- In the menu at the top, select “File”, in the list, click on the “Open” command;
- In this way, you will be taken to the usual Explorer, where in “My Computer” you can see all your disks and partitions.
Partition letters can be found out even easier using one of the standard commands:
- At the command prompt, type Diskpart.
- After pressing Enter, write down the list disk command, the screen will show all the physical disks installed on the device, each of which will be assigned a number starting from zero.
- The select disk command with its serial number select the required drive. If there is only one physical disk, enter select disk 0;
- Next, write down the detail disk - it will be displayed detailed information about the disk and all its partitions.
You can select the desired section based on its size, which will be indicated in the table at the bottom of the window.
System rollback to fix important files
This the simplest way restore damaged Windows 7 system files. To be able to use it, system partition The disk protection function must be enabled. You can check this in the system properties window, which is easy to access from the control panel.
Here, when you select a partition and click the “Configure” button, you can go to the recovery options. The line for restoring parameters should be highlighted and earlier versions files. In this case, rollback to the old one control point can lead to the resuscitation of important files. In addition, they can be restored separately if, for example, in the context menu of a folder with deleted data, select the option to restore the previous version.
You can roll back to a restore point previously created by the system as follows:
After reboot windows, if the control point was chosen correctly, problems with unstable work OS due to the fact that system data has been damaged will be resolved completely.
recoverit.ru
Recovering damaged files in Windows 7 and Windows 8
Restoring a working system configuration is an interesting, but very voluminous topic. Even the seemingly simple question of how to recover damaged Windows 7 files has several solutions that can be implemented in different ways.
The most convenient and easiest method for users is to use the system restore function, which allows you to roll back the configuration to the last working state. But what if this useful feature is disabled or checkpoints are deleted?
The system is booting
If damaged files do not prevent the system from starting, you can try to restore its functionality using the Windows command line.
If the system files are ok, you will see a message like this:
If the utility finds windows errors and was able to fix them, the following notification will appear on the screen:
In any case, the system files have been restored. Now you can restart your computer and enable the function of creating restore points, which will greatly simplify the process of rolling back the system to a working state.
Sometimes users encounter the fact that in normal mode, damaged files are not restored using the sfc.exe utility. If this problem occurs, you need to restart your computer, start the system in safe mode with command line support, and try running the sfc.exe utility again.
System won't boot
If the computer refuses to boot, you will have to use the recovery environment to restore functionality. You can launch it in two ways:
- By pressing the F8 key when turning on the computer.
- Using the installation disk or flash drive.
The first option works if a boot partition was created when installing Windows and partitioning the disk. If you don't know what this is, still try pressing the F8 key several times when you start your computer. A window with additional download options will appear on the screen, in which you need to select the “Troubleshooting” option. 
So, you are at the command prompt using the first method to launch the recovery environment. In it you need to enter the command sfc /scannow /offbootdir=D:\ /offwindir=D:\windows. 
After a short wait, a message will appear on the screen indicating that the files were successfully restored.
Attention! In the body of the command, instead of the letter “D”, you indicate the designation of your disk on which the operating system is recorded.
If suddenly it happens that you cannot remember the letter of the section with installed windows, try the following options for viewing it:
Another way to find out the letter is to use the Diskpart utility.
By the size of the partition you can easily determine which one the system is installed on.
Using bootable media
If you can’t get into the recovery environment using the F8 key, try using an installation disk or flash drive. To do this, you need to configure the BIOS by setting the boot priority.
Enter the command sfc /scannow /offbootdir=D:\ /offwindir=D:\windows and wait until the system file recovery process completes. 
windows 8
Users who want to recover damaged files on Windows 8 or 8.1 can use another method that allows them to restore functionality to the system file backup storage and replace damaged data.
windows PowerShell
If the system starts, try opening the PowerShell utility through the Start window or Start menu. You need to run it with administrator rights. 
In the window that appears, enter the command “Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth”. If the backup storage is intact or can be restored, you will see a message like this:
After the reboot, you need to launch the command line using one of the methods described above and try to restore files using the “Sfc” utility.
Using a windows distribution
If Windows PowerShell cannot restore the backup file storage on its own, you can try using a disk image with the Windows 8 distribution.
- Download the original version of windows 8 and mount the ISO image.
- Launch Command Prompt. Using the command “Dism /Get-WimInfo /WimFile:F:\sources\install.wim” see which OS editions are in the image.
- Launch PowerShell and enter a command like “Repair-windowsImage -Online -RestoreHealth -Source F:\sources\install.wim:1” in the utility window, where “F” is the letter of the mounted image, and “1” is the windows edition number.
If the first edition doesn't work, try another version. After restarting the computer, try again using the command line to scan the disk and restore files.
mysettings.ru
Recovering system files. How to recover deleted or damaged system files in Windows XP, Windows 7?
Quite often it happens that it is necessary to restore damaged, deleted system files in Windows. Damage and deletion of system files are caused by viruses, inexperience of users using the operating system and a number of other factors, when the computer is turned off incorrectly, etc.
In this article I will tell you how to restore system files in Windows. By following these instructions, you can always restore almost any system file. Therefore, try to delve into the article, understand what’s what...
#1 Recovering system files in the Windows XP operating system! When you know which system files need to be restored.
If your computer stops booting after an incorrect shutdown of the computer (power outage, button shutdown), first of all you need to check HDD for logical errors.
The process of restoring system files in the Windows operating system involves copying the necessary system files from the Windows XP installation disk. In the folder "I386" windows distribution All system files of the operating system are located. They are written in compressed form and have an extension like “.dl_” “.ex_” and so on. That is, the last character is replaced with an underscore.
We need to unpack the files removed from the system from the windows installation disk into the folder where they should be located. If you do not have a windows distribution, you can download the “archive with folder I386” (click here: LetitBit.net) or (click here: DepositFiles) for the 32-bit version of windows XP.
To restore system files, you need to boot from a bootable CD, such as ERD Commander or LiveCD by Alkid.
Now let's get down to it important stage. How to unpack system files from a Windows installation disk, using the example of restoring the file “C:\windows\System32\userinit.exe”, quite often this file is replaced by ransomware viruses, banners that block Windows. The process of restoring system files from the installation disk is no different for other files. The main thing is to have information in which folder this or that file we need should be located.
Boot from the “ERD Commander” disk. Select download “ERD Commander 5.0 for windows XP". In the window that appears at the end of the download, select the path to the installed Windows OS and click “OK”.
Open “My Computer”. Insert the Windows installation CD. From the “I386” folder, copy the necessary system files with the extension “dl_” or “ex_” to the folder where they should be located in installed system. In our case, this is the file “USERINIT.EX_”. Copy “USERINIT.EX_” from the “I386” folder to the “C:\windows\System32\” folder. To do this, click right click in the file “USERINIT.EX_” and select “Copy to” in the context menu.
In the window that appears, select the path “C:\windows\System32” and click “OK”.
After the system file is copied to the folder we need, we need to unpack it. Unpacking system files with the extension “dl_” or “ex_” from the windows installation disk is performed using the “expand” command.
Command syntax: "expand [source file] [target file]"
To run the command, you must launch a command prompt. In the “Start” menu, select “Run”. In the window that appears, enter the command “cmd” and press “Enter”. In the command line window, enter the command to unpack our file: “expand”
- "c:\windows\system32\userinit.ex_"
- "c:\windows\system32\userinit.exe"
and press “Enter”.
Unpacking will be completed, as evidenced by the text: “c:\windows\system32\userinit.ex_: 11863 bytes expanded to 26624 bytes.” System file recovery was successful. Now you can restart your computer.
That's all! All other system files in the Windows XP operating system are also restored
No. 2 How to recover damaged system files in the Windows 7 operating system?
Now let's look at the process of restoring system files in Windows 7. It differs from restoring system files in Windows XP.
We boot from the “ERD Commander” disk (select the version for seven in the disk menu when loading). You can download the “ERDC.iso” disk image here (click here: LetitBit.net) or (click here: DepositFiles.com)
When asked about setting up the network, answer “Skip” and confirm the reassignment of drive letters, after which we select the path as the windows folder.
The next thing we do is launch the “MSDaRT” recovery toolkit.
To continue the wizard, click “Next”
Select “Scan and ask before fixing” and click “Next”
The process of searching for damaged and deleted Windows 7 system files will begin. It may take some time (from 5 to 30 minutes). After the Operating System is scanned, a list of damaged or deleted files. We put a check mark on the files that we want to recover and click “Next”.
The process of restoring Windows 7 system files will start, after which a window with the recovery results will appear. Click “Next” and in the next window “Finish”.
Now close the Windows 7 (MSDaRT) system recovery tools by clicking the “Close” button and clicking the “Restart” button to reboot.
Be careful when choosing files to recover if you use pirated version or windows assembly 7. Some system files can be changed in it so that Windows does not require activation.
The recovery wizard will consider these files corrupted and replace them with the original ones, as a result of which Windows may begin to display a message about a non-licensed version of Windows when loading.
If you are restoring system files after removing the banner, select the system files to restore from the table below.
Windows system files and the folders in which they should be located
Below are some windows system files and the folders where they should be located. Keep in mind that if you find the corresponding file and it is located in a different folder, most likely it is a virus. (except for the folder: c:\windows\system32\dllcache).
| explorer.exe | c:\windows |
| iexplorer.exe | c:\windows |
| regedit.exe | c:\windows |
| notepad.exe | c:\windows |
| userinit.exe | c:\windows\system32 |
| taskmgr.exe | c:\windows\system32 |
| taskman.exe | c:\windows\system32 |
| cmd.exe | c:\windows\system32 |
| logonui.exe | c:\windows\system32 |
| winlogon.exe | c:\windows\system32 |
evgmoskalenko.com
Recovering Windows 7/8 system files
Hello readers of the blog of the ComService company (Naberezhnye Chelny)!
Recovering Windows 7 or Windows 8/8.1 system files most interesting topic. Especially if the operating system starts to fail, but we don’t have a recovery image and we forgot to turn on system protection so that recovery points can be created. In this case, we will not be able to restore the system from the image, we will not be able to roll back windows to the created restore point, and we are also too lazy to reinstall the system, since this will take the whole day. And just here we have another chance to return windows to normal condition- try to restore system files. In this article I will try to fully cover the topic so that we can revive our computer in any situation.
Article structure
Conclusion
1. Recovering system files on a busy system
If our computer somehow turns on, then we do the following. (if it does not turn on, see section 2 of this article)
Open the Start menu. In the search field we write “Com”. On the “Command Prompt” element, right-click and select “Run as administrator“
In the command line that opens we write
We wait a little
If your system is ok, you will see the following image
If your windows was broken, you will see the following
System files were successfully restored. We reboot and immediately turn on system protection to create restore points so that next time we can simply roll back the state of the computer to a couple of days ago and that’s it.
It happens that when scanning the system, the sfc.exe utility found damaged files, but could not fix them. In this case, I would restore system files in Safe Mode. If the same thing happens in safe mode, read the last paragraph 4 of this article.
If your computer does not boot at all, as discussed at the very beginning of the article, then read the next paragraph.
2. Recovering system files in a recovery environment
If our computer does not want to boot at all, then we use the recovery environment. You can load into it:
- Pressing F8 several times when turning on the computer
- Booting from a boot (installation) disk or flash drive
The first option will work if we have a boot partition that the system created when partitioning the disk when we installed the system. Size boot partition V:
- windows 7 - 100 MB
- windows 8 - 350 MB
In any case, try pressing F8 several times during boot. A window should appear with additional download options. Select Troubleshoot computer problems
In the next window, select the keyboard input method. Select the language in which your administrator password is set (if there is no password, you can immediately click Next >)
Select a user with administrative rights and enter a password if you have one. If there is no password, just click OK
And as you may have guessed, select the command line
If you are unable to enter the recovery environment using the F8 key, you will need to boot from the installation (bootable) flash drive or disk. How to boot from a flash drive - here. You can boot from disk in the same way. Only in this case you need to put the DVD-RW (optical disc reader) first in the boot priority.
I like to boot from removable media using boot menu. IN motherboards ASUS it is usually called by the F8 key.
After booting from a flash drive or disk, I saw the following picture. I choose windows Setup - Installing windows
Select System Restore
We wait until all installed windows are found
We choose the one that does not turn on for us. And here CAREFULLY! We remember the letter that the recovery environment assigned to your system (in the Folder column). I have this D.
Select Command Line
Enter the command
sfc /scannow /offbootdir=D:\ /offwindir=D:\windows
Instead of D you substitute your letter
press Enter and wait for the scan to complete
On virtual machine, where the screenshot above was taken from, had a blue screen, so I was not surprised that the system files were found and restored.
3. How to find out the drive letter with windows installed
If you were able to use the F8 key to bring up the “ Additional options download" and select "Troubleshoot computer problems", then we need to find out the drive letter where Windows is installed, which was assigned by the recovery environment. This can be done in two ways
1. Call the notepad with the command
In Notepad, open the File menu and select Open...
On the left, click Computer and in front of you there will be disks with letters
You can go to the disk and make sure what and where.
2. Use the DISKPART utility
On the command line enter
diskpart - call the utility for working with disks
list disk - view the list of disks
select disk - select the hard drive I need
detail disk - call up information about this disk
4. Recovering system files manually
If using the sfc utility it was not possible to restore broken files, you need to try to do it manually. In this case, you need to additionally run the command
findstr /c:"" %windir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log >"%userprofile%\Desktop\sfcdetails.txt"
and carefully examine the sfcdetails.txt file on your desktop.
It should be something similar to the picture below
Once the name of the damaged file is known (Accessibility.dll), I would look for the same one in the distribution and replace it. In this case, naturally it will be necessary to obtain full rights per file. And before you boot into Windows and get rights to the files, you can try to copy necessary files using notepad launched from the recovery environment (how to do this was written above).
Conclusion
Friends! Everything written above about restoring system files in Windows 7 is also true for Windows 8. And, I would also use the following command for Windows 8
I haven’t tried this command myself, but if the system doesn’t boot, it certainly won’t get any worse.
Not all users know what to do if the computer stops functioning properly. There is no need to worry too much about this; it is enough to correct this state of affairs by eliminating the cause of the problem.
What are the reasons for system files disappearing?
Often, Windows system files disappear, which leads to malfunctions. Sometimes there are even difficulties starting the operating system. Various reasons contribute to this:
— the system file was deleted as a result of exposure to a virus or blocked by an antivirus program;
— the deletion occurred accidentally by the user himself;
- Windows updates contributed to this problem.
Some people resort to extreme measures and reinstall the system completely. However, this is not a way out of the current situation. Especially when valuable documents are stored on the desktop or in folders on the system drive that can be lost during this process. Therefore, it is recommended to restore system files.
How viruses work
The problem of viruses is not new to users. Currently there are a huge number of them. Viruses can infect system files and also delete them completely. In this situation, you need to pay attention to the antivirus logs, which will indicate how the file was deleted, when it happened and what virus it was infected with. In some cases antivirus program after updating the operating system, it can block valuable data. To solve the problem, you need to go to the “Quarantine” section of the antivirus and find the missing files. They can then be restored and entered into White list. Another option is to change your antivirus program.
On Windows 7, you can use a third-party program to restore system files. This is Recuva. It is offered absolutely free and easy to use. You must download and install the program in order to be able to use it to resolve problems that have arisen.
After launching, you immediately need to switch to advanced mode, which is done using the button on the top left. Then you should select a directory to scan and begin the process. When the system file check is completed, files with multi-colored circles will appear. Green color means excellent condition, yellow means damaged, red means cannot be repaired. If the object is in excellent condition, it can be restored by checking the box and clicking on the corresponding button.
How to do a rollback?
This process restores the operating system using a checkpoint created before the error occurred. You need to do the following:
1. Go to the Start menu.
2. Select “All programs”.
3. Click “Accessories”, then “System Tools” and “System Restore”.
4. Select an operating system restore point created before the loss of valuable data.
5. Run a rollback, after which system files and folders will be restored.
Is it true, installed programs after this process they are deleted. You can view the estimated losses by clicking on the “Search for affected programs” button.
Troubleshooting
If it is impossible to restore system files on Windows 7 using a third-party program and a rollback is not possible, it is worth running a computer scan, which will identify damaged and missing data. In this situation, the command line comes to the rescue. You need to open it as an administrator. This can be easily done in one of the following ways:
1. Go to: “Start / All Programs / Accessories”, then right-click on cmd, click “Run as administrator”.
2. Go to the system drive, Windows folder, System32, right-click on cmd, “Run as administrator”.
3. Enter cmd in the search “Start” and press the key combination Shift+Ctrl+Enter on the keyboard.
A window will open where you need to write sfc /scannow, which will allow you to start checking Windows 7 system files and restore them in case of malfunction.
Then you need to create a restore point for the operating system. This is necessary in order to be able to rollback the next time, and not restore some data. The following actions are performed:
1. The “Properties” section opens in “My Computer”.
2. On the right, select the “System Protection” section.
3. In the “Protection Option” on system disk protection must be activated. Otherwise, you need to select it, click “Customize” and check the box next to “Restore system settings and previous versions files".
4. Select a place for disk space. As a rule, 1.5-2 GB is enough.
5. Press the “OK” button to confirm the operations performed.
6. Click on “Create” and assign a name.
After this, you can perform system file recovery on Windows 7.
Restoring system files if the OS does not boot
During the loading process, you should constantly press F8, waiting for the list to appear and the words “Last good configuration" By clicking on it, the system starts from the moment the OS has successfully loaded into last time. In case of failures in this process You can select "Troubleshoot your computer." Then you need to click on “Startup Repair”, after which the system files will be checked for errors and data malfunctions. They can then be easily repaired by clicking "Fix and Restart". Don’t forget about the possibility of a rollback if a restore point was previously created.
Boot disk
To solve the problem, you can also use a boot disk or flash drive. You need to insert the media into the computer and restart the device. Then the flash drive or boot disk is set to first place in priority. At making the right choice drive starts Windows installation 7. After selecting your language, you can click “Next”, click “System Restore”, “Startup Repair” or “System Restore”.
Applications that do not work or have errors from Windows Store, problems in the desktop part of Windows and instability of the operating system as a whole are often the result of damage to important system files. The easiest way out of a situation where system files are damaged - or to . But such a move requires the presence of the latter - if not in a fresh edition, then at least in some kind. If there is not even at least some kind of recovery point or backup copy, before resorting to a radical solution to the problem in as Windows, you can try to restore the integrity of its system files. Below we will look at 5 ways to do this, provided that the current Windows yet capable of loading. Only two methods for restoring the integrity of Windows files will be offered; the other three are solutions for situations complicated by the need to restore the storage of system components.
1. Restore the integrity of Windows files
To identify missing or damaged important system files and restore them, Windows provides a standard sfc.exe utility that works using the command line. The utility replaces damaged or missing system files with their originals from a special component storage located in the “WinSxS” folder inside the “Windows” directory on drive C. Run the command line as administrator and enter:
Press Enter. After scanning to identify system files that need to be replaced, they will be restored.
But this is only after successful completion of the operation. If the contents of the storage itself are damaged, the operation will end with a message stating that it is impossible to restore some of the system files. In this case, you must first resort to restoring the storage Windows components, and then carry out the operation to restore files to their working directories.
2. Restoring the system component store: DISM
To restore the storage of the original system files, we will use the maintenance utility Windows images– DISM, also working via the command line. During the storage recovery process, the utility uses the Windows Update service and downloads missing or damaged system files from Microsoft servers. Because the presence of the Internet - required condition for a successful operation.
Launch the command line as administrator and enter:
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
Press Enter. If the operation is successfully attempted, we will see a corresponding notification.
Now we carry out the operation discussed in paragraph 1 of the article.
It may also happen that the operation process will freeze or fail. A notification about an unsuccessful attempt to perform an operation will, in particular, be accompanied by a proposal to indicate the path from where you can get data to restore the system component storage.
We will consider the process of restoring the storage, indicating the source of data acquisition, a little later, in paragraph 4 of the article.
3. Restoring the system component store: PowerShell
You can restore system components alternative way- by using Windows tool PowerShell. This method is similar to the previous one: the Windows Update service is also used to restore the storage. And, accordingly, in this case an Internet connection is also required. Method with using PowerShell It will take more time than the previous method using the DISM utility, but the process of restoring the storage itself will be carried out more thoroughly.
Run PowerShell as administrator and enter:
Repair-WindowsImage -Online -RestoreHealth
Press Enter. If the system file storage is successfully restored, we will receive a report like the one shown in the screenshot below, where, in particular, the “Image Health State” parameter will be marked as “Healthy”. And this means that the system file storage has been restored. Now it is necessary to carry out the operation described in paragraph 1 of the article.
4. Restoring the system component store: Windows installation disk
You can resort to restoring the Windows component store indicating the source of data if there is no Internet or the two previous methods did not bring positive results. The source from which data is extracted to restore the system component storage is the installation disk of the corresponding version and Windows edition. This can be physical installation media - a flash drive or disk, or it can be an ISO image with a distribution kit. The latter must be mounted in virtual drive by calling on it context menu and selecting the “Connect” command.
We connect a flash drive, disk or image, run PowerShell as administrator and enter a command like:
Repair-WindowsImage -Online -RestoreHealth -Source D:\sources\install.wim
In this command, the drive letter of the installation media is subject to substitution. In our example, this is the letter D, and instead of it, in each individual case you need to substitute your own letter of the flash drive, physical or mounted drive, as they appear in Windows Explorer. After entering the command, press Enter.
Based on the results of the operation, as in the previous case, its successful completion will be indicated by the “Healthy” state of the “Image Health State” parameter.
After restoring the storage, we launch the operation discussed in paragraph 1 of the article.
5. Windows 10 update
You can restore the integrity of damaged Windows 10 system files by updating the system using the utility Media Creation Tool. It can be downloaded from the official Microsoft website. Windows 10 update is the longest and at the same time the most reliable way return the operating system to functionality. The process of updating Windows 10 takes approximately the same time as the process of reinstalling it. As part of this process, all damaged system files will be overwritten, user profile data, installed programs and system settings will be saved, and the output will be the latest, with all installed updates Windows 10 Anniversary Update.
Launch the Media Creation Tool. We accept license terms.
Select “Update this PC now.”
And wait for the update process to complete.
Have a great day!
The Windows operating system is in many ways similar to a living organism, which means that sometimes even the smallest damage or deletion of one or more of its files can lead to certain problems. Damage may be caused by viruses, software failures, sudden shutdown power supply, errors when editing system libraries, and so on.
As a result, the user may experience various errors when launching programs or the inability to install them, problems with system settings and even blue “screens of death”. Therefore, when diagnosing problems, the first step is usually to check the integrity of Windows 7/10 system files. On this moment There are two main methods for checking and restoring system files - using standard utilities SFC And DISM, launched via the command line or PowerShell console.
The second tool is more powerful and is usually used when SFC is unable to cope with the task or its launch fails with an error. There are also those designed for this purpose third party programs, but they mostly duplicate the functionality of SFC and DISM, providing more convenient access to them by using GUI. In critical cases, when neither SFC nor DISM help, restore the system or its individual components using a previously created backup copy.
Using SFC
SFC utility or otherwise System Files Checker present in all Windows versions, since 2000, and is intended to check the status and restore system files. SFC can take multiple arguments, but in in this case we are only interested in one. Using it, checking and restoring Windows 7/10 system files is done as follows. Launch a command prompt or PowerShell console as an administrator and run the following command:
sfc /scannow
The verification procedure will take some time. If errors are found upon completion, the utility will offer to restore damaged files while rebooting the computer. If SFC writes that it cannot recover files, make sure that you have EFS and Bitlocker encryption functions disabled, boot into safe mode, and then repeat the scanning procedure.
To ensure maximum access to the file system, the procedure for repairing damaged Windows system files can be performed in the boot environment. There are several ways to get into the recovery environment, but we offer the most universal one. Boot your computer from the Windows installation disc, and when the installation wizard window appears on the screen, click Shift + F10. Since the drive letters are different in the boot environment, you need to determine the system partition letter. We execute the following commands:
diskpart
list volume
On MBR disks, the system partition will most likely have the letter D, and the “System Reserved” partition will have the letter C. Knowing the letter labels of the volumes, use the exit command to close Diskpart and check:
sfc /scannow /offbootdir=C:/ /offwindir=D:/
Upon completion Windows scan will reboot in normal mode.
DISM utility
How to check the integrity of Windows 7/10 system files if the method described above does not help or if commands are issued various errors? In this case, you can try to resort to more powerful tool– utility DISM. Launch a command prompt with administrator rights and run the following command:
dism.exe /online /cleanup-image /scanhealth
If the utility reports that the component store needs to be restored, restore it with the following command:
dism.exe /online /cleanup-image /restorehealth
If you receive errors while running commands, try restoring the component store using elevated PowerShell by running the command Repair-WindowsImage -Online -RestoreHealth while your computer is connected to the Internet.
After the completed procedures, you can perform SFC check/scannow and see if the errors continue. If yes, check if you have the Installer service enabled. Windows modules“But in general, it is advisable to do this in advance.
Recovering damaged files manually
This method used when it is impossible to restore damaged SFC files, but to use it, you will in any case need exactly the same operating system installed on another computer or virtual machine, or a backup copy. To determine which files need to be restored, run the command at the command line:
findstr /c: "" %windir%/logs/cbs/cbs.log >"D:/sfc.log"
Information about damaged files will be saved to a log file, in our case it is sfc.log to drive D. The contents of the file can be quite large, look for blocks with key phrase“Cannot repair” with the corresponding scan date and time.
The attached screenshot shows that SFC was unable to restore the Asseccbility.dll file. The same log should indicate the path to the unrecoverable file. Copy the original file from another computer and manually replace the damaged one with it. On at this stage Often you have to deal with problems, since the file may be either in use system processes, or the user will not have rights to it.
To obtain rights and replace such files, you can use standard console utilities Takeown with parameter /f And icacls with parameter /grant administrators:f, but there is a simpler and universal method– use any “live disk” with built-in file manager, for example, Dr.Web LiveDisk. If the computer boots, everything is even simpler; just copy the original files to any folder convenient for you on its hard drive.
Edit boot ISO image the same Dr.Web LiveDisk can be found in UltraISO program by creating a folder in it and copying windows files into it.
Now let's look at how to restore Windows 7/10 system files using such a disk. After booting from the media, find your folder with files (in Dr.Web LiveDisk the mount point is /cdrom), copy the original files to the clipboard, go to the target directory of the folder win and replace the damaged ones with them.
If the original files are located on Windows disk, look for them in the win location, in the section in which you placed them. This method is convenient because it removes all file file restrictions. Windows systems, allowing you to gain exclusive access to it.
Using Third Party Applications
Development special programs, which would allow you to restore damaged and deleted system files, does not make sense, since all the functionality necessary for this is available in the system itself. However, there are tools that simplify access to standard tools using a convenient graphical interface. This, for example, is Microsoft DaRT– a boot disk, which is a set of administration tools, which also includes a module for scanning and restoring Windows system files. The procedure for such a check is presented in the screenshots below.
For more convenient launch SFC programs also serve Windows Repair and, only unlike Microsoft DaRT, they start from the working system.
In Windows Repair, to start the check, you need to go to the Pre-Repair Steps section, click on the “Step 4 (Optional)” tab and click the “Check” button.
IN Glary Utilities go to the “Modules” tab, select “Service” in the menu on the left and click “System file recovery”. In both cases, the standard SFC console utility will be launched.
Other methods
As for the question of how to recover completely deleted system files, everything should be clear. If the disk size allows, regularly create backups system partition or, by at least, do not disable system protection so that if something happens, you can roll back to the previous one.
And the last thing I would like to draw your attention to. If you downloaded and installed a custom build, be prepared for the fact that SFC will more than likely find corrupted files in it. The reason is very simple - collectors very often modify their images, replacing, for example, original icons in libraries and so on. Therefore, before restoring original files, think about whether you really need it if there are no problems with the system.