The Windows 7 operating system does not boot. Recovery in the OS itself
It is not always possible to immediately determine the cause of a particular computer problem. This also applies to situations when Windows 7 does not load. Even if such a problem occurs, do not despair. First, review the code or description of the error, and then try one of the suggested fixes.
Possible problems
In reality, there are a lot of errors that prevent the system from booting. All of them can be divided into two groups. The first includes those in which it is possible to launch safe mode or the option of restoring the previous configuration. And the second group includes problems in which the PC does not go beyond the boot screen.
There are also different options for correcting them. In the first case, it is enough to log into the system as a backup or main user in safe mode and immediately delete extra element or perform a restore. In the second, you will need a clean BIOS setup or a rollback using a Live CD. Let's look at the problems that occur most often.
Option 1: Backup login possible
First, you should check whether a backup login is possible when Windows 7 does not start. To do this, when you turn on the computer, you need to enter the boot mode selection menu. It will open automatically if you restart your PC several times.
Control is performed using the arrows on the keyboard. Select then press Enter. If the action helped, then no further failure will occur, the computer will continue to operate stable. Otherwise, activate the option « Safe Mode» , then run the rollback procedure using the first method from our article: .
In short, open the menu "Start", click on the search bar, enter "recovery" and start the second element from the top. 
Then follow the instructions on the screen. Finally, restart your PC.
Note: the mouse should not work in the boot option selection menu. But there may be problems with the functioning of the keyboard. The fact is that the drivers forUSB devices are loaded at subsequent startup stages. In this case, the solution would be to connect a keyboard withPS/2 connector. You can also use a special adapter, they are very cheap.
Option 2: Disk boot failure error
Why Windows 7 won't start with an error Disk boot failure? The essence of this failure is that the computer does not see boot files on the specified media. This may be due to a violation of boot priority (the order in which devices are loaded), as well as damage to important data.
In any case, first you need to go into the BIOS. To do this, when starting the computer, press repeatedly Delete key or F2. If this does not help, then look at the text on the title image when you turn on your PC. There is a need for a point EnterSETUP. A specific key is indicated next to it, press it.
BIOS versions may vary depending on model motherboard, as well as firmware. To begin, find the item BOOT. It is located either on the main screen or in the section AdvancedSettings. IN BootPriority HDD or SSD should come first. 
If this is not the case, then change the boot order to the desired one. The location of the remaining elements does not matter.
What to do when everything is set correctly, but an error still occurs. Unfortunately, in this situation, the problem is related to corruption of system data. First try Windows recovery 7. If it doesn’t help, go to the last paragraph of the article.
Option 3: BOOTMGR is missing error
Option 4: Other problems
If none of the listed options is suitable for solving your problem, then the system cannot be restored. In this case, a complete reinstallation is required. But, most often, important data is stored on users’ computers that one would not want to lose. Therefore, it is advisable to reserve them.
Such services are always provided computer technicians, but there is not always time or opportunity to visit them. You can perform all the steps yourself, but you will need a second computer or laptop that is in working condition.
The essence of the method is to boot via Live CD. In this case, the PC does not start with hard drive, on which the system is damaged, and from removable media with an installed emergency Windows way 7.
The Live CD cannot be downloaded from the official Microsoft website, so look for it on third party resources. The recording procedure is no different from others. It is preferable to use UltraISO. 
When you log in under the "live image", transfer all data to any removable media, then reinstall Windows 7.
Greetings everyone. Typically, if you have problems starting the operating system or the lights turn off during operation, a list of possible startups appears when you next boot the system.
In order not to mislead you and teach you some nuances, I will share some very useful tips. So, if the system did not boot but provided a boot choice, then I recommend selecting the following option - Last Known Good Configuration or loading the last good configuration.
This start option cancels any changes made to the registry key. CurrentControlSet that directly caused the problem.
This registry key determines the values of hardware parameters and all drivers installed on the system. Function loading last known known configuration will replace the contents of the above registry key with the data stored in the backup copy that was used during the last successful Windows startup.
Reboot the computer. After sound signal press the F8 key and hold it until the operating system start selection menu appears. From the list of launch options that appears, select and activate it by pressing the key "Enter".
Remember, you are given one single attempt to restore the system's last known known configuration.
In general, if you were unable to restore the system after starting the OS from the mode, then this means only one thing - the backup copy is damaged. In this case, this recovery method will not help us.
1 Recovery Console
This method involves using the utility "recovery console". How more difficult problem loading the operating system, the more serious the approach to solving it should be. Bootable CD with installation system usually contains very useful utility - "Recovery Console"
To autorun boot CD with Windows OS, place in DVD-CD drive and restart your computer. As soon as the computer reboots and the drive begins to read data from the disk, you will see the Setup and Installation Wizard dialog box.
This will happen if you are in BIOS settings in download priority "Boot first device" put up "DVD/CD-ROM". I wrote about this in more detail in the article -. Once the download begins, follow all instructions that appear on the screen.
The program will provide you with a selection of basic files to run the installation program. The installation wizard greets you with the phrase "Welcome To Setup". Now all you have to do is press the key "R" which facilitates the opening of the recovery console.
Now the Recovery Console dialog box has opened in front of you. Here we will see a folder with files and also a request to select the operating system with which you plan to start working.
Next, you have to press the key with the number corresponding to the operating system number, then the program will ask for the administrator password, if any. Well, now you have it full access To command line.
I wrote more about how to work with the recovery console in the article -
3 Fixing damage to the Boot.ini boot file
At the initial stage of Windows OS startup, the Ntldr program accesses the boot file Boot.ini. As a result, the program determines the location of system files and available options to continue downloading.
This is precisely why, in case of damage to the boot file Boot.ini, operating system cannot continue or even start downloading correctly.
In the event that Windows OS does not boot and the reason for this is a damaged file Boot.ini then the recovery console toolkit will help you - Bootcfg.
To run Bootcfg you will of course need to start the system from boot Windows disk HR. To run the command Bootcfg, you need to enter into the command line of the management console: Bootcfg /parameter
Where /parameter- this is one of the functions that I will tell you about now.
Add– produces scanning hard disk for all installed operating systems. In addition, it adds the identifiers of new operating systems to the boot file Boot.ini.
Scan- scans the hard drive for all installed operating systems.
List– displays a list of records in the file Boot.ini.
Default– displays the identifier of the operating system that is being run during startup
Rebuild– completely restores the Boot.ini boot file. The user is given the opportunity to control every step.
Redirect– in administration mode this function allows you to redirect download operations to another designated port. It has several subparameters, or rather two: | ./Disableredirect – Disables redirection.
It is worth noting that in Windows Xp and Windows 7 boot.ini is formed differently. I wrote several articles on the topic of boot.ini for XP and 7:
4 Repairing a defective Master Boot Record
The master boot record uses the first sector of the hard drive and carries out the boot procedure for Windows XP. The entry contains a table of all available hard disk partitions and small program "primary loader" The primary bootloader, in turn, is responsible for placing the active or boot sectors in the partition table.
Once placed in the table, the boot sector begins to start the operating system. If suddenly the boot record is damaged, the active sector will not be able to start the system.
In order to eliminate this problem The recovery console includes the Fixmbr program. Boot from the installation disk and activate the recovery console.
In order to run the Fixmbr command, you need to enter the following into the command line of the management console: Fixmbr
Where
- the compound name of the disk for which there is a need to create a new primary boot entry. The qualified name for the main boot drive C:\ will look like this: \Device\HardDisk0
5 Restoring a damaged HDD boot sector
The boot sector is a small hard section disk allocated for storing data in the operating system, having file system NTFS or FAT32, and it is also a fairly small program that helps in the process of loading the operating system.
In the event that the system refuses to start precisely because of inoperability boot sector The recovery console tool can help you FixBoot. To do this you need to download installation disk and go to the recovery console menu.
In general, I have already indicated above how to do this. In order to launch this program you will need to enter the following in the command line of the management console: Fixboot:
Where- the drive letter that requires creating a new boot partition.
6 Quick reinstallation of Windows
In the event that the system cannot be started and you do not have a backup copy, you can perform Quick reinstallation Windows.
This procedure involves reinstalling the operating system in the same directory (similar to updating old version system to a newer one) and can fix almost any Windows boot problem.
Place boot disk into the DVD/CD drive, then restart the computer. Once the disk is recognized and reading begins, you can begin the installation procedure. During installation, a license agreement will appear.
In order to agree to the terms of the agreement, press the F8 key. Next, the program will scan all installed versions Windows. As soon as at least one of the versions is found, the installation screen will appear.
In order to start restoring the version of the system you need, you need to click "R", and to start the installation "Esc". The system recovery procedures will start. The installation wizard will now begin checking the disks for functionality, and then begin a quick reinstallation.
Remember, after reinstalling or recovering a damaged installation, all updates will have to be reinstalled again.
7 How to cancel automatic reboot
Typically, if an error occurs during stable operation The system automatically reboots the operating system.
When an error occurs directly at system startup, a cycle occurs endless reboots. In this case, you need to disable the function of automatically rebooting the system upon failure.
At the beginning of the operating system startup or after POST, press the F8 key, which will open a menu in front of you "Advanced options".
Next you need to select the item "Disable automatic reboot on system failure" and activate it by pressing the key "Enter". Now, when Windows XP starts up, it will display an error message, the essence of which will tell us about the malfunction.
Restoring the Windows operating system from a backup copy.
If none of the system recovery methods did not help you, then there is a chance to restore the operating system using a backup copy (if you have one).
The recovery algorithm completely depends on the program you are using. backup, which provides you with all the necessary instructions.
Conclusion
There can be many recovery methods and reasons why Windows does not boot. The main thing is that the system is mostly recoverable and you don’t have to perform. That's all. I wish you success in dealing with the problem.
During just one Windows startup, the system runs many processes. Accordingly, when Windows OS does not boot, there may be several reasons for this. Below we will look at what can cause an error when starting Windows, and we will also fix the problem that has arisen.
Hardware problems
We will not dwell in detail on the inoperability of the equipment, because... On your own and without the necessary skills, determining which equipment is broken is quite difficult. Listed below are some types of errors that indicate that the problem is related to the hardware:
- A repeated failure of the same driver may indicate the inoperability of the device, which is controlled by this driver.
- Errors that are accompanied by a blue screen may indicate problems with the device's RAM.
- Various artifacts or a completely missing image indicate problems with the video card.
- If Windows boot freezes at some stage or does not start at all, this indicates the inoperability of the hard drive.
- If the computer suddenly turns off during boot, this may indicate a malfunction of the power supply, motherboard, and sometimes other hardware.
Problems with corrupted boot files
If during the first stages of Windows boot the system detects the absence of important boot files, the message “BOOTMGR is missing” may appear on the screen. Additionally, this problem may be accompanied by other messages or complete absence any inscriptions (black screen with or without a cursor).
Bootmgr is an operating system boot loader that is not available ordinary users. However, users can easily format it by booting from external media. After this, the operating system will not boot.
Registry problems
If the problem is caused by a damaged registry, Windows may not even start loading. Instead, a message will be displayed on the screen that the system has crashed, and it will also prompt you to use the recovery environment.
Quite often, restoring helps to load the registry from a backup and fix the Windows startup problem.
However, recovery may not always be successful, because the system may lack the necessary backups.
Troubleshooting Windows startup problems
Recovery Environment
Restarting Windows 7 is much more convenient than Windows XP, which did not have time to receive a recovery environment. At Windows installation, given environment installed on hard drive, has separate section, as well as a separate bootloader. This is why the recovery environment is not affected by the problems that Windows faces.
To launch the recovery environment, press F8 and select "Troubleshoot your computer" from all the Windows startup options.
Next, to get into the recovery environment, the system will ask you to enter a password. If you have forgotten your password or do not have administrator rights, you will have to launch the recovery environment from the installation disk.
You should resort to this point if you do not know the exact reason why Windows does not start.
Select Startup Repair. The system will scan and fix the problems found.
This method can be used if Windows stops loading after installing a program, infecting the computer with viruses, or making changes to the registry.
The System Restore option will help resolve the problem, but only if the restore points have been saved.
The principle of operation is quite simple: you choose desired point recovery, which dates back to a time when there were no problems with Windows. The system rollback will begin, after which the normal loading Windows.
Used when there are no backups saved on the computer, but you have a restore point saved on removable media.
Select “System image recovery”, and then connect to the computer a removable drive that contains a system image archive. Next, follow the instructions of the Recovery Wizard.
Manual registry repair
Used when the above instructions did not resolve the problem. In OS Windows backup A copy of the registry is created every 10 days, so you can try to download the latest working backup yourself.
- From the list available parameters select “Command Prompt” and enter next command"notepad" then click Enter key. Will start standard program"Notebook". Select the “File” – “Open” menu in the program header.
- Go to directory C:\Windows\System32\config
- At the bottom of the window, in the “File Type” column, change the option to “All Files” to see the full contents of this folder. The following list of files refers to the current registry: Default, Sam, System, Security, Software (no extension).
- Each of these files must be renamed or the extension .old added to them.
- In a folder "Config" open the folder "RegBack". This contains registry backups. Copy them one by one to a folder "Config".
- Go back to the window "Recovery Options" and at the very bottom select the button. If the problem is due to a problem in the registry, then running Windows will pass Fine.
Recovery files
Windows has a wonderful built-in utility that perfectly restores protected Windows files. On the menu "Recovery Options" select item "Command line" and write the following command in it:
/scannow /offbootdir=C:\ /offwindir=C:\Windows
Team "scannow" will launch a system scan, "offbootdir" indicates the system drive letter, "offwindir" leads to the "Windows" folder.
Please note that the drive letters in the recovery environment may not match those seen when booting Windows normally. Therefore, before you start scanning, be sure to launch Notepad (this process is described above) and check the system drive letter in Explorer.
Manual file recovery
If the methods described above did not bring the desired result, you should try manually restore boot files, and also overwrite the master boot record of the HDD.
To do this, open the menu "Recovery Options" – "Command line" and run the following command, having previously specified the partition letter through Notepad:
Now run the following two commands one by one:
After that, proceed to restart Windows.
These methods help resolve many Windows boot errors. If the above tips did not help you, the only thing left is help service center– the problem may lie in the hardware.
Before you figure out how to restore Windows 7 to start, you need to understand what the cause of the problem is. To do this, it will be useful to know a little general information about how the download occurs and what stages it includes.
General information about downloading
Conventionally, the launch of Windows 7 can be divided into three stages, which, in turn, are divided into several phases.
OSLoader
This is the first stage of system startup, which starts immediately after the BIOS code is executed. First, a small group of drivers starts working, allowing you to read data from the hard drive. The Windows 7 boot loader (winload.exe) then begins initializing and loading the kernel. IN RAM The registry hive “SYSTEM” and another group of drivers are loaded. The first stage lasts about 2 seconds and ends with the appearance of the operating system logo on the screen. 
MailPathBoot
The main and longest stage of system startup. Visually, it continues from the appearance of the logo until the desktop starts loading. It consists of several phases, the duration of which can vary - from a few seconds to a couple of minutes.
PreSMSS
During this phase, initialization occurs Windows kernels, the plug and play device manager starts working, the remaining drivers start. Errors that occur at this moment are usually associated with problems with the main components of the computer or incorrect work their software.
SMSSInit
The visual start of this phase is difficult to determine, but part of it is already the empty field that appears between the splash screen and the appearance of the welcome screen. The system at this moment performs the following actions:
- Initializes the registry.
- Starts the next wave of drivers that are not marked "BOOT_START".
- Starts subsystem processes.
Most often, problems during this boot phase are related to video card drivers.
WinLogonInit
WInlogon.exe is the file that launches the welcome screen, so the “WinLogonInit” phase begins at this point. During this stage scripts are executed group policies, services are started. The duration of the phase varies greatly depending on the processor power.
Failures at this stage are often caused by incorrect operation third party applications, including antivirus.
ExplorerInit
Begins with the start of the shell and ends with the start of the window manager. During this phase, program icons appear on the desktop and services continue to start. These processes are accompanied by an increase in load on the computer hardware - processor, RAM, hard drive.
Problems at this stage are usually associated with insufficient power of the equipment or its malfunction.
PastBoot
The last stage, which begins with the appearance of the desktop and ends after all startup components have loaded. At this stage, all applications that start with Windows begin to work. After the “PastBoot” stage ends, the system goes into idle mode.
Problems that arise at this stage are usually related to viral activity or incorrect operation of automatically downloaded programs.
Crashes at various stages of loading
Problems at different stages of Windows startup manifest themselves differently: some are related to hardware, others to the registry, others to drivers or important system files. Therefore, it is so important to understand what processes occur when the system starts up so that you can quickly determine the cause of the problem.
Hardware problems
It is often difficult to determine what is not working - some specific hardware or operating system. However, based on some signs, certain assumptions can be made about which device has failed:
All the errors described are usually related to the computer hardware, however, there may be exceptions.
Boot files are damaged
The appearance of a message like “Bootmgr is missing” at an early stage of system startup indicates the absence of a critical important files, without which Windows cannot boot. 
However, sometimes no notifications appear - the cursor just blinks on the screen, but no progress occurs.
Bootmgr is a standard Windows boot loader that is not accessible to the user, as it is stored on a separate hidden partition. You can’t accidentally delete it, but you can format it unknowingly hidden volume using external media.
When booting from external media, the hidden volume with the bootloader looks like this: 
Other files important for startup are stored on system disk in the "Windows" directory. System registry data is also stored here.
The registry is damaged
If the registry is damaged or inaccessible, Windows may not even start loading. In this case, the system usually diagnoses the error on its own and offers to run the recovery tool. 
Often, the built-in system restore tool can help you fix a registry problem by copying its configuration files from a backup store. However, there are situations when there are no registry files on the hard drive or they are inoperative. In this case, the user must manually perform the system registry recovery procedure.
Startup recovery tools
The easiest way to restore startup is to use the built-in Windows tools:
A list of means for restoring system functionality will appear, in which you must select “Startup recovery”. 
It will scan and automatically correct detected errors, if possible. 
If nothing happened with the launch, you can try to restore the system by rolling it back to previous state. Everything is standard here: you choose control point with a working configuration and return the system to that period. 
Another method that often helps is restoration Windows boot loader via the command line. You can also launch it through the “Recovery Options” menu. On the command line you need to enter several queries (all commands are entered without quotes):
After successful implementation all commands and the report appears, Windows 7 should start up normally.
Hello friends! I have already written many articles about what to do if Windows 7 does not boot. But I haven’t written yet about what you need to do first if your computer refuses to start, or maybe I did :). Well, it’s okay, twice is better than never :).
This will be some advice on how to hit the first one ambulance system in case of failure. I usually write similar tips and describe in them how to restore Windows operation 7 if a specific error occurs. But today I will write how to try to cure the system from the appearance various errors and loading problems.
If you turn on the computer, but it frankly does not turn on. Well, you know how it happens, a certain error appears, blue screen, or the computer simply reboots itself, then you need to try to start the computer with the last successful configuration with working parameters.If we talk about what can cause Windows to stop booting, there are a lot of options. For example, a failure may occur after installing some program or driver. After cleaning your computer from viruses. After incorrect completion of work (when, for example, there was a power outage). I had a problem where I normally turned off my computer in the evening, but in the morning it wouldn’t start, and it seemed like I hadn’t installed anything, but then this happened.
In such cases, the first thing we do is try to start the computer with the last known successful configuration. If this does not help, then you need to look for other ways to solve the problem, for example, searching by error. But as my practice shows, it very often helps to bring the computer back to life. Moreover, all these actions can be done in a few minutes. Now more details.
How to start Windows 7 with Last Known Known Configuration?
It's very simple. Reboot the computer and immediately actively press the key F8.
A black window will appear with a choice additional options downloads. Choose “Last good configuration(additionally)" and press “Enter”.
