Computer jargon. Computer slang will help in conversation with a computer geek Computer slang examples
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Introduction
Language is a dynamic phenomenon. It is constantly evolving: new words and expressions appear, and the vocabulary of modern man is replenished. In speech among Russian speakers, various jargons and dialectisms are quite common. But recently, computer slang has become widespread. The appearance of this term is associated with the rapid growth of computer technology since the second half of the 20th century and, in particular, with the massive introduction of personal computers and computer devices into the everyday life of the average person in the mid-1980s. Along with new technology, computer games have been introduced into the human world, where there are also certain individual designations for things.
As a future philologist, I was interested in this topic because... The development of new technologies is transforming language; the vocabulary of modern man is radically changing. Therefore, when creating this work, I tried to answer the question: how is computer slang formed in the Russian language.
Thus, target of this work: to study the formation of computer slang and identify its features in the language system.
The set goal required the solution of specific tasks:
Define computer slang.
Identify the reasons for the appearance of computer slang in Russia.
Consider the main ways of forming computer slang.
Highlight the features of the formation of slang in our country.
Compile a dictionary of computer slang for schoolchildren and gamers.
Draw a conclusion on this work.
Research material served as a site for culture and recreation skio.ru.
Scientific novelty This work lies in the fact that it was the first to conduct a comparative analysis of the methods of forming computer slang and present its own version of the classification.
Object The research in this work is English and Russian vocabulary related to computer slang.
Subject This study is a comparative study of the formation and development of computer slang.
Practical significance of the work consists in the possibility of applying its results at school and everyday life to understand the interlocutor. The findings and developed dictionaries can be used in lessons on lexicology of the Russian and English languages, stylistics, and in a special course on computer slang. The research material can be used in the practice of teaching English.
The following methods were used in the work:
Method of direct linguistic observation and description (used to sample computer slang from a dictionary).
Method of dictionary definitions (to determine the meaning of words and analyze its structure).
Method of comparative analysis (used in studies of the structure and meaning of slang).
With the increase in the number of computers and general computerization in many national languages, computer sublanguages are being formed - special jargons that serve as a means of communication for computer scientists. Computer slang is a type of slang used by both professional (for example, IT specialists) and other computer users.
The peculiarity of computer slang is that these words are used to communicate between people of the same profession - programmers, or simply people who use a computer in everyday life. At the same time, they are used as synonyms of English professional terms, differing from them in their emotional connotation.
Secondly, computer slang is characterized by its “obsession” with the realities of the computer world. The slang names in question refer only to this world, thus separating it from everything else. Thanks to knowledge of such a special language, computer scientists feel like members of a closed community.
1.2 Features of computer slang in Russia
However, unlike computer jargons, formed on the basis of European languages and operating on the basis of one graphic system - the Latin alphabet, Russian computer jargon has to not only master the elements of a foreign lexical and grammatical system, but also adapt them to Cyrillic writing. Not only the content, but also the formal adaptation of elements of someone else's language code, on the one hand, significantly complicates this task, on the other hand, makes it more diverse and interesting. This determines the specificity of the Russian computer language in comparison with computer jargons that exist on the basis of European languages, which are structurally closer to English.
1.3 Reasons for the appearance of computer slang in Russia
If we look at numerous magazines covering new products in the computer technology market, we will see that more or less significant developments appear almost every week. And in the conditions of such a technological revolution, each new phenomenon in this area should receive its own verbal designation, its own name. And since almost all of them (with rare exceptions) appear in America, they naturally receive it in English. When they learn about these developments in Russia after some time, then for the vast majority of them, of course, there is no equivalent in the Russian language.
The second reason is the people themselves who work with computer technology. These are quite young professionals, and therefore they have a desire to dilute English-language terms with humor, add their own emotional coloring, an element of ease to express their position and assessment in relation to the subject of conversation, partner or situation.
Recently, there has also been a craze among young people for computer games and social media. Networks and various forums. This again served as a powerful source of new words. Various words have appeared for certain concepts, these include “arcade”, “adventure game”, “boss”, “doomer”, etc.
2 Ways to form computer slang
2.1 Method of education using the example of classifications by N.V. Vinogradova and P.A. Gorshkova
There are different classifications of computer slang. We will present the two most convenient classifications of N.V. Vinogradova. and Gorshkova P.A.
Vinogradova offers the following classification of computer slang.
First group- direct transliteration of the English word while maintaining the basic meaning of the lexeme:
gadget - gadget;
game - game;
gamer— gamer;
offtopic - off topic;
Second group words represent examples regarding which we can no longer talk about transliteration, but about phonetic and grammatical “distortion” (a kind of “Russification”) of the original:
debug - debug;
hustle - game;
google- google;
think-DOOM.
Third group represent words that have homonyms in the literary language. Many stylistically neutral Russian words, when used and reinterpreted by computer dialect speakers, acquire additional meanings.
These are Russian words, chosen for reasons of phonetic similarity to the English originals:
loaf - button;
muscle-MySQL;
paga-page.
Fourth group words are represented by acronyms. These are English in origin and method of formation, complexly abbreviated words, which have not yet been involved in the process of mastering them in the Russian language. Eg:
aka(from the English “AlsoKnownAs”) - 1) one of the network addresses of a person who has several of them 2) an alias;
goose— music card GravisUltraSound;
Olya— ObjectLinkingandEmbedding technology, which allows you to edit data created in another program without leaving the main editor.
These examples also prove that computer slang is largely characterized by a tendency towards simplification, minimization and standardization of linguistic means.
An interesting and new method, previously not typical for the Russian language, seems to be this method of forming complex abbreviated words, in which the word is replaced by the identical-sounding name of a letter or number:
2-to, for example, G2G (got to go);
4-for, for example, B4N (bye for now).
For a table of acronyms, see Annex I.
Another classification is proposed by Gorshkov P.A.:
1) tracing paper (full borrowing);
2) semi-tracing paper (borrowing the basis);
3) translation;
4) phonetic mimicry.
The first group, called tracing paper, includes borrowings that are not grammatically mastered by the Russian language. In this case, the word is borrowed entirely with its pronunciation, spelling and meaning. Such borrowings are subject to assimilation. Each sound in a borrowed word is replaced by the corresponding sound in the Russian language in accordance with phonetic laws. These words seem foreign in pronunciation and spelling, they correspond to all the norms of the English language. Here are examples of words completely borrowed from English:
Table No. 1
(for the full version of table No. 1, see Appendix II)
In the second group, called semi-tracing paper, when a term moves from English to Russian, the latter adjusts the accepted word to the norms of not only its phonetics as in the previous group, but also spelling and grammar. The table shows the following examples of half tracing paper:
Table No. 2
(for the full version of table No. 2, see Appendix III)
Having analyzed this classification of computer slang, we highlight the following peculiarities And ways of its formation:
During grammatical mastery, the English term comes into the possession of Russian grammar, obeying its rules. Nouns, for example, acquire case endings: simk A(I.p.), simk And(R.p.), simk e(D.p.).
Words of this group can be formed as follows: word-formation models of the Russian language are added to the original English base using certain methods. These include, first of all, the diminutive suffixes of nouns -ik, -k(a), -nik and yuk, which are characteristic of the Russian vernacular: nushka, varik, kompik, pisyuk.
Due to the fact that the source language is analytical and the borrowing language is synthetic, inflections are added to verbs:
upgrade t from English toupgrade;
gama t from English game;
google t from English google;
In accordance with the fact that one of the characteristic features of slang is the reduction of long and complex professionalisms, we can distinguish a technique - univerbization. Here is an example of such a phenomenon:
Table No. 3
Quite a large number of words in this group come from various abbreviations, names of various protocols, and companies. Eg:
IP address- IP;
XPishka - XP (Windows).
The long names of many programs and games also had to be shortened or abbreviated if the full names consisted of several words. For example: Executionfile(EXE) - executable file; Three-dimensionalStudio(3DS) - trideshka.
As a result, a large number of sounds [e] are created, which are not typical for ordinary spoken speech.
In the third group, translation very often slang vocabulary is formed by translating an English professional term. This method involves translating a word using neutral words existing in the Russian language, which at the same time acquire a new meaning with a reduced stylistic overtone:
Table No. 4
(for the full version of table No. 4, see Appendix IV)
During the translation process, the mechanism of associative thinking works. The associations or metaphors that arise can be very different: in the form of an object or device. There are also numerous verbal metaphors: share-(derived from the English “share” - “to share” (property)) means to open for collective access any resource on the local network.
Fourth group phonetic mimicry is based on the coincidence of semantically dissimilar common words and English computer terms. A word that turns into slang acquires a completely new meaning that is in no way connected with the commonly used one. Let's consider these examples:
Table No. 5
(for the full version of table No. 5, see Appendix V)
In this group of words there are especially many names of various programs, perhaps because these names are most often unclear in use and perception for Russian computer users:
burnt firewood— CorelDraw (King of firewood);
AldusPijamaker- CorelAldusPageMaker.
Having analyzed two classifications of Gorshkov P.A. and Vinogradova N.V., the following conclusions can be drawn: in Gorshkov’s classification there is no such group as acronyms or abbreviations, and in Vinogradova’s classification there is no category of translation. This finding led to the need to create an improved classification.
We took both as the basis for our classification: N.V. Vinogradova and P.A. Gorshkova. and distributed the words that make up English computer slang into the following groups:
2) semi-tracing paper;
3) translation;
4) phonetic mimicry;
5) acronyms.
For the compiled tables, see the appendix.
2.2 Frequency of occurrence of various methods of education
I studied the place of computer slang in the language system using a dictionary compiled by the Administration of Culture and Recreation http://skio.ru/ in order to identify the most common methods of education and show the frequency of their use.
Table No. 6
This study showed that the most common words in computer slang are words formed by direct transliteration of an English word while preserving the basic meaning of the lexeme (calque). The last place is occupied by complex abbreviated words, which are not yet involved in the process of mastering them in the Russian language.
Most likely, the large number of words formed by the tracing method in the Russian language was a consequence of the fact that most software works in English. As a result, people become somewhat accustomed to certain common commands or messages.
In addition to “getting used to”, the general tendency among young people to include Anglicisms in their everyday speech also played a role here. The passion for Anglicisms has become a kind of fashion; it is due to the stereotypes and ideals created in youth society. This stereotype of our era is the image of an idealized American society, in which the standard of living is much higher, and high rates of technological progress lead the whole world. And by adding English borrowings to their speech, young people in a certain way approach this stereotype and become familiar with American culture and lifestyle. The use of these words is also a way of “encryption”, creating a certain society where only “your own” understand you.
Conclusion
Summing up the work, we can firmly say that I answered the main question - how is computer slang formed in the Russian language, through the consistent solution of assigned tasks and the correct use of methods.
Firstly, I proved the relevance of this problem. The development of new technologies has indeed influenced the formation of the vocabulary of the current generation, which has led to the emergence of computer slang in the language system. Secondly, I defined computer slang and followed the process of its formation in Russia. Thirdly, she revealed the features of computer slang and the methods of its formation using the examples of the classifications of Vinogradova and Gorshkov. Gave a comparative description of these classifications. Fourthly, I analyzed, compared, and presented the frequency of occurrence of certain methods of forming computer slang in the Russian language. Fifthly, I compiled dictionaries for PC users: a dictionary of computer slang for schoolchildren and gamers.
The results of this study helped me understand the role and structure of computer slang through the history of its formation in Russia, functioning in the Russian language and its use by specific individuals, i.e. PC users.
List of sources and literature used
Beregovskaya E.M. Youth slang: formation and functioning//Issue. linguistics. M., 1996. No. 3. P. 32-41.
Breiter M.A. Anglicisms in the Russian language: history and prospects: A manual for foreign students of Russian studies. Vladivostok: Dialogue Publishing House, 1995. 98 p.
Vinogradova N.V. Computer slang and literary language: problems of competition // Research on Slavic languages. - 2001. - No. 6. p.203-216.)
Golovanov N. A. Modern English-Russian dictionary of computer technologies. - M.: Buk-press, 2006 - 528 p.
Likholitov P.V. Computer jargon. // Russian speech - 1997 No. 3
en.wikipedia.org
skio.ru/dict/sleng-ar - dictionary of computer slang.
Method of education "Acronyms"
|
Method of education |
Word |
|
Acronyms |
Asm- ASM (Assembler) Afk- AFK Bgg- bgg(Bu-ga-ga) BB - bb (bye-bye) 404 - (Ihavenoidea) AOP- (authorized operator) AAMOF- (As A Matter Of Fact) AFAIK- (as far as I know) ASAP- (as soon as possible) ANY1- (anyone) B4N- (bye for now) BTW- (by the way) CRBT- (crying real big tears) C.U.- (see you) FYI- (for your information) G2G- (got to go) GAL- (get a life) JK- (just kidding) H&K- (hug and kiss) IMHO- (in my humble opinion) KWIM?- (know what I mean) LOL- (laughing out loud) L.U.- (love you) Oops - UPS MUSM- (miss you so much) PIBKAC- (problem is between keyboard and chair) PITN- (pain in the neck) POS- (parent over shoulder (change the topic)) TGIF- (thank God it’s Friday) THX- (thanks) W.U.- (What's up) WUF?- (Where are you from) IOW- in other words (in other words). BCNU- (Be Seeing You) TTUL- talk to you later (let's talk later). |
Method of education "Tracing paper"
|
Method of education |
Word |
|
Tracing paper |
Avatar- avatar Upgrade- upgrade Acer- acer Bug- bug Ban- bun BASIC- BASIC Button - button Windows - windows Vin- win (from Windows) Winchester- winchester (hard drive) Word-word Gadget - gadget Game - game Gamer— gamer Gill - jabber Dump - dump Device - device Dialap - dial-up Ignore - ignore Copy-paste - copy-paste Nibble- nibble Lag- lag Nick—nick Noob-noob Overquoting- overquoting Offtopic - offtopic Build- build Router- router Runet- runet Subject- (subj., from subject) Rootkit - rootkit Save - save Skin - skin Screenshot - screenshot Smile - smile Solyushen - solution Source - Source Softreset - softreset Spam Spam Stylus - stylus Trouble - Trouble Hard - Hard Disc Drive Tul - tools Cookies- cookies Man - man (unix command) Lag- lag Ubuntu - ubuntu Fake - fake Flame - flame Freelancer - freelancer Hacker - hacker Chat - Chat User - user Userbar- userbar Unix- UNIX Beech - notebook Java - Java Javascript - javascript Tracker - tracker Feature - feature Release- release Browser- browser Cookies- cookies |
Method of education "Semi-calque"
|
Method of education |
Word |
|
Half tracing paper |
Anreg-unregistered Brand - brand name Software - software Avatar- avatar IP address- IP Upgrade- upgrade Butt-boot Backup- backup Varick-WarCraft Vidyukha- vdeo card Windows-Windows Virtual- VirtualBox Vir- virus rant- (game) Google- google Debug - debug Think- DOOM Doc-doc Distribution- distribute Soap - mail Server-server Ban - to ban Zip--zip XPishka - XP (Windows) Cooler- cool Login - login Computer, computer-computer Fix - fix Prog--program Rapida - rapidshare Reboot- reboot Simka - SIM card Upeesnik - UPS Flash drive - flash Forward - forward Querticlava- QWERTY Cheater - cheat Enikeyshchik - any key Use - use Unixoid - UNIX Internet - internet Locked/unlocked - locked/unlocked ICQ, Asya - ICQ Asma- assembler Intrushka- intra Manual-ser's Manual- pussy-PC (personal computer) Nushka - Norton Utilities(NU) Kapetashka- Kai's Power Tools (KPT) Executor- Execution file(EXE) Trizheshka- Three-dimensional Studio (3DS) |
Method of education "Translation"
|
Method of education |
Word |
|
Translation |
Action(game) - 3D-shooter, Quest Waffle - WiFi Firewood - driver Toad- jabber Donkey - Internet Explorer 6 root PDA - pocket (PDA) Ognelis- Mozilla Firefox Donkey - eMule Semi-axle - OS/2 Closet - NetscapeNavigator Appleberry - apple YaPapko, Yapapko - iFolder Shared, shared resource - shared Screw- winchester (hard drive) Engine, Dviglo engine Toadscript - javascript Fill- update Half flies - OS/2 Overclocking - overclocking Share- share Skin-skin Diesel fuel - solaris Flask - flash NoWardrobe - netscapenavigator Mom, Mom, Mother - motherboard Stump - pentium Old - Starcraft Oracle— Oracle database. Sideboard-server Glitch- incorrect program Mofon- streamer Blue screen (of death), bruise- Blue screen of death Board- keyboard, which means keyboard. |
Method of education "Phonetic mimicry"
|
Method of education |
Word |
|
Phonetic mimicry |
loaf- button Bubunta- ubuntu Vasik- BASIC Vika - Wiki Davis - device Zuhel - ZyXEL Gama - game Irka - IRC Captcha- CAPTCHA Kwaka - Quake Kumis- QMS Axis - OS Mulya - eMule Muscle,- MySQL Paga- page Tulza - tools Troll - troll Halva - Half-Life Crack--crack XP - XP (Windows) Bloomers - shareware Yunikh - UNIX Muscle, Mayskul - MySQL Fribzdi - FreeBSD Enikey - anykey Puff-puff - PHP Mesaga - message Linux, Lin, Lyalikh, Lyulich- OS Linux. Skis, Lazha— LG company. Egor- Error Burnt firewood— CorelDraw. (King of firewood) Emelya- email Butt cutter-GPRS AldusPijamaker-CorelAldusPageMaker Autogad-AutoCAD |
APPENDIX VI
Dictionary for gamers
Addon (from English addon)- addition to the game.
10X(from English Thx, Thnx, Ths) - Thanks - Thank you.
A.I.(from the English artificial intelligence) - artificial intelligence. The term is commonly used to describe the behavior of computer opponents in games.
Assault- network game mode.
b (from English back) - back.
BB (from English ByeBye) - Bye.
bbiab(from English be back in a bit) - I’ll be back very soon.
BBIAF(from English Be back in a few minutes) - I'll be back in a few minutes.
BBIAH(from English Be back in an hour) - I'll be back in an hour.
BBIAM(from English Be back in a minute) - I'll be back in a minute.
BBIAS(from English Be back in a second) - I'll be back in a second.
BBL(from English I "ll be back later) - I'll be back later.
BBS (from English Be back soon) - I'll be back soon.
BE4(from English Before) - Before.
B.F.(from English 1. Boyfriend 2. battlefield) - 1. Beloved guy, 2. Place of battle.
bg(from English bad game) - bad game - usually said after the game.
BRB(from English I "ll be right back) - I'll be right back.
BTW(from English By the way) - By the way.
Capture the Flag(from the English CTF) - Capture the flag, network game mode.
Deathmatch- online game mode, where everyone plays for themselves.
Easy- level of difficulty of the game for beginners (normal - medium, hard - difficult).
F2F(from English Face to face) - Face to face, face to face.
faf(from English funny as f**k) - very funny (in a rude manner).
FAQ(from English Frequently asked questions) - Frequently asked questions.
ffs(from English for f**k's sake) - for the sake of this (in a rude manner).
FTW(from English for the) win) - for victory.
FW(from English Freeware) - Free.
fwiw(from English for what it’s worth) - what will it cost us?
fya(from English for your amusement) - for your entertainment.
FYI(from the English. For your information) - Information for you.
GF(from English 1. Girlfriend, 2. good fight) - 1. Beloved girl 2. Good fight.
gg(from the English good game) - a good game - usually said after the game.
G.J.(from English Good Job) - Good job.
G.L.- (from English good luck) - good luck!
GR8(from English Great) - Amazing.
gs- 1) good shot, great shot. 2) game speed - 1) cool, good shot. 2) game speed.
GT(from the English good try) - a successful attempt.
GTG, g2g (from English I got to go) - I have to go.
gw(from English good work) - good work.
LAN(from English local area network) - local network, i.e. a collection of computers connected to each other.
T.A.(from English Team Attack) - a deliberate attack by a player from his team.
TK(from the English Team Kill) - deliberate murder.
Alliance(from the English alliance) - an association of several clans, has its own name.
Bug(from the English bug) - an error or defect in the game, left.
Ban(from the English Ban) - administrative punishment.
Basecamping(from the English basecamping) - when a member or members of the attacking team remain in respawn for a very long time.
In the gut(sometimes “in the pipe”) - A narrow, long, closed, dimly lit area of the map.
Gamer- player.
Geodata- Coordinate points for monsters and players, superimposed as an invisible grid on the game world.
Glitch- some kind of error.
GM, GameMaster(from English gm, game master) - game administrator.
Grena(from English HE grenade) - Explosive grenade.
Group, party, party(from the English party) - several players united in one group.
Device- any device, object, applicable to both manipulators and keyboards, and objects in the game.
Diarrheal lynx- move in short runs (5-20 m) followed by squatting for a few seconds.
Disconnect(from English disconnect) - disconnect from the game.
Length- as a rule, a long segment on the map, with open space.
Drop(from the English drop), loot (from the English loot) - things that fall from something or someone.
A game- a certain period of time or a set of points for which the result is determined.
Inventory(from the English inventory) - a window in which all the things that the character has in his hands are displayed.
To(from English k) - thousand.
Kalash- AK-47 assault rifle.
Ku(from English re) - from “respect” - usually a response to the greeting of an entering player.
Kemper- a man who always sits in a secluded place and kills people running past.
Kik(from the English Kick) - Ejection from the server. Light administrative punishment for minor violations of gaming discipline.
kk, m(from English kk, m) - million.
Clan- a large association of players.
Config(from the English Config) - a set of typical player settings and operations in the form of scripts (for example, buying a weapon). Individual for each player.
Crack- a program for hacking the game, so that it is possible to play on an unlicensed game or without using the original disc.
Lag- a delay that occurs in a network game due to poor communication or server overload.
Lags, brakes(from English lags) - the character performs all actions with a delay due to some technical reasons on the server, due to communication or due to technical reasons on the client’s computer.
Lamerili bot- an inept player.
Mapa(from the English Map) - Game map.
Nick, nickname- player's nickname.
Old school- (from English old school) a very good player.
Online(from English online) - located in the game.
Father- a player who is very good at playing a game.
Offline(from the English offline) - absent from the game.
Patch- a program from the developer that corrects errors in the game or complements the game.
Persian, charm(from the English char) - A game character controlled by the player.
Ping- a program that calculates the response time of the computer to the server (calculated in milliseconds), the lower the ping, the more comfortable it is to play, sometimes ping means the same as lag.
PC(sometimes PK) - a character who killed another non-resisting character, i.e. in an unfair fight, or the number of such kills.
Replanting- use of level architectural features to set up ambushes.
Settle in with a sponsor- run with a pistol in hand to rush after someone in order to either pick up his gun after his death or pick up the gun of the one he kills.
Progamer- a player who plays computer games professionally.
Randomizer(from the English random) - a person holding the trigger when shooting, i.e. shooting with a clamp in very long bursts almost at random.
Jump, jumping- movement of the player forward with simultaneous jumps, in some games increases the speed of movement.
Rush- a quick attack on a specific point in order to crush the enemy using a numerical advantage.
Respawn(from the English respawn) - the constant revival of opponents or players during the game at certain points.
Soundtrack(from the English soundtrack) - the musical accompaniment of the game. It is usually abbreviated as “OST” (from English, for example, “Need for Speed Underground 2 OST”).
Screen, Screenshot(from English screenshot) - a picture of what you now see on the monitor in a separate file.
Blind frag- killing an enemy without seeing him.
Save- a file responsible for saving progress in the game.
spinogryz- a player who tries to go behind the enemy’s back, a tactician who knows the map well.
Splash damage- not direct damage. When a projectile or magic causes blast damage.
Spray- a type of shooting when the shooting button is pressed and shots are fired with a large spread of bullets.
Stats, options(from English stats) - certain characteristics of a character or their values.
Strafe, strafes- move sideways, keeping the target in front of your eyes.
Save- a recording file created when the game is saved.
Textures- This is a visible image stretched over character models or terrain.
Brakes, the game slows down- twitching of the picture in the game is due either to lags or to a weak computer.
Trainer- a special program that allows you to display an infinite amount of resources in the game, make the main character immortal, and so on. In other words, its effect is similar to that of codes.
Level(from English lvl) - an indicator of the character’s level.
Feature(from English feature) - some unique feature of the game.
Flash(from English Flash) - Flash grenade.
Flood- writing meaningless or unreasonably frequently repeated chat messages.
Frag(from the English frag) - points that are awarded to a player during a network game for killing opponents. Each enemy killed is one frag.
Full(from English full) - complete.
Freebie- a player standing still and moving away from the computer.
Headshot(from English headshot) - hit in the head.
Heel, Heel(from English heal) - to treat.
Hint(from the English hint) - an additional feature.
Czekh- lamer, but with rare glimpses of play.
Cheater- a person who uses cheats, for example, to see through walls or shoot in the head without aiming.
Cheats(from English cheats) - programs that allow the player to see through walls, shoot in the head without aiming, not lose health when wounded, etc.
exp(from English exp) - experience or experience points.
Unit- 1 operating unit.
APPENDIX VII
Dictionary for schoolchildren
Avatar- a picture that the user uses as a picture on network resources intended for communication, for example, on forums.
Avik (avishnik, avishka)- video file in .AVI format.
Autogad- computer-aided design system AutoCAD
Azer- computer manufactured by Acer
ID, ID guy(English ID, identificator) - identifier.
IP, IP(English IP) - IP address.
AKA- (English Also Known As - “also known as:”) - a pointer to an alias, a person’s network nickname.
Account- Account.
Alpha version- the first, “raw” version of the program.
Upload(English upload) - uploading files to a remote server.
Update(English update - update). 1) updating software products; 2) updating the Yandex search database.
Upgrade(English upgrade, up - increase, grade - quality) - increasing system performance by replacing modules or adding additional elements.
Upgrade- update something to the latest version.
Archiver- a computer program for packing files.
ICQ(from the English ICQ - "i-c-q") - a program for instant messaging.
Attach(English attachment - attachment) - a file attached to an email.
Outglitch(eng. MS Outlook) - built-in Windows email client.
Bug(English bug - bug) - a permanent error (failure) in the program. The result of a flaw in a computer program that leads to unwanted or unexpected actions, or prevents it from running at all.
Bynet- Belarusian or Belarusian-language part of the Internet (bynet, from the name of the domain zone.by).
Byte- unit of measurement of information equal to 8 bits.
Ban- temporary or permanent ban for the user. “Ban, impose a ban” - introduce a temporary ban for the user to do anything (write new messages or view them). Used on forums or chats.
Jar. 1) computer system unit. 2) packaging of blanks on the spindle (See. Blank).
Banner- static or animated advertising image.
Bath attendant- a person (designer) who makes banners.
Baht. 1) email client The Bat! 2) same as Body shirt.
Body shirt- DOS/Windows batch batch file (bat file) with the extension .bat.
loaf(English button - button) - a key on the keyboard. (English press button) - work on the keyboard. - work with the mouse. - Magic Button in ZX-Spectrum.
Tower- tower computer case.
Accordion- a very old, well-known, bearded story.
White assembly- computer components assembled in one of the European countries or the USA.
Squirrel, delirium tremens- spontaneous reboot of the computer for unknown reasons.
Beta version- an almost completed version of the program, which is launched to the public “for testing”, with a request to inform the author about all its errors or wishes, suggestions for improving its work Beta tester- any user of the beta version of the program who reported to its author about noticed shortcomings.
Bizya(English busy "busy") - the state of a busy telephone line.
Bit- the minimum unit of measurement of the amount of information, from Bi nary digi T, 0 or 1.
Beaten- broken, spoiled. Broken link- a link to a non-existent Internet address.
Crap. 1) CD; 2) one of the disks of the disk package inside the hard drive. Beeper (English beep) - built-in speaker.
Hipster, be-em-pashka, bitmap- graphic file with extension .bmp.
bNOPNYA- Word converted from KOI8-R encoding to CP1251. Characterizes an incorrectly configured local setting or words obtained when viewing text in one encoding when it is written in another.
Blank- blank recordable CD/DVD disc.
Bot(from the word “robot”) - a program that emulates human actions, sometimes with the rudiments of artificial intelligence.
Browser(English browser - viewer) is a program installed on the user’s computer that allows you to view documents in certain formats (html, xml, etc.) and, if you have an Internet connection, receive the specified page from a web server.
Action game. 1) browser (English browser); 2) a first-person (quest) or shooter type game.
Brand(from the English brandname) is a well-known trademark of a large manufacturer.
Brand assembly- assembled by one of the reputable computer companies (IBM, Dell, HP, etc.).
Breakpoint(English break point) - break point. The place in the program code where execution should be interrupted. Used for debugging. Beech, byaka(from English notebook) - laptop.
Rubble(English boot - load) - boot. A boot virus is a boot virus. Butyavka - boot floppy disk, CD. Boot - restart the computer.
Bad block(eng. bad block) - a damaged cluster (data storage unit) of a disk storage medium where information cannot be written.
Bad sector(eng. bad sector) - a damaged sector of a disk storage medium where information cannot be written. Backup(English backup) - backup copy. Back up, make a backup - create a backup copy.
Varese, varese, varese (English wares)- illegally distributed paid software.
Broom- hard drive, hard drive (see also Screw).
Rope- wire, channel, network cable.
Vidyukha- video card.
Windows (Windows, Windows, Windows, take it out, stink)- Windows operating system.
Vinduzyatnik- a disparaging name for a Windows OS user. Screw- hard drive, hard drive.
Vir- computer virus.
hang- a state of the operating system in which it does not respond to requests.
Dedicated office- a type of connection with a provider (Internet access service provider), when data is transmitted through a special dedicated line. Take out two pieces- OS Windows 2000 (Win2k).
Pull- download anything from the Internet.
Three finger exit- Ctrl+Alt+Del.
Gama(English game) - game.
Gamer- from English gamer - player, a person who constantly plays computer games.
Gestbook, gesta(English guestbook) - guest book.
Gig- gigabyte. GIF, GIF- GIF graphic format.
Worm- network virus.
Glitch- an incomprehensible, inexplicable failure of a program or operating system. see also Bug.
Glitch- work with errors (about a computer program, script). Head- processor.
Blue tooth- Bluetooth interface.
Blue giant- IBM.
Naked grandfather- Gold Edit editor.
Burnt firewood
Thermometer, progress bar- visual display of a process (usually as a percentage).
Coffin- The computer case.
To smash (to kill, ruin, demolish)- erase file(s) or uninstall the program; destroy, corrupt (file, database, program) purposefully or by mistake.
Rodent- computer mouse.
Google- search for information in the Google search engine.
Guevy- an application that has a gui (see Gui). In a broader sense, anything related to gui.
Goo, goo, goo(GUI - Graphical User Interface) - a graphical user interface, that is, an interface with windows and buttons.
Guru- an experienced specialist, master, cool programmer.
Dilap, dialap(English dial-up) - a type of connection with a provider when data is transmitted through a telephone line using a modem.
Download(English downLoad) - downloading files from the server.
Engine, engine- a dedicated application part of the program code (program/part of a program/software package/library) for the implementation of a specific application task. As a rule, the application part is separated from the program for use in several projects and/or separate development/testing.
Two-headed- refers to a computer with two monitors.
Two-piece, two-tonner- OS Windows 2000 (Win2k).
Debug(English debug) - look for errors in the program, debug the program (catch bugs in the program).
Device, device(English device - “device”) - any device, module for a computer? a structurally complete technical system that has a specific functional purpose.
Maid- same as Device. - system message. - system message.
Dolphin- a programmer who writes programs in Delphi.
Demo. - incomplete (trial, demo) version of a program or game.
Tree- directory layout structure on the server.
Default(English default) - values assigned to parameters automatically () in the event that the user has not given them one of the valid values. By default - by default.
Jipeg, jipeg- graphic file in JPG, JPEG format.
Jeep live- convert a graphic file to JPG format.
Dimka- DIMM memory module.
Directory- folder.
Distribution- a software package intended for distribution.
Document t - information object (text file, picture).
Board(from the second part of the word keyboard: board - board) - keyboard. - enter data from the keyboard.
Firewood(English drive) - drivers.
Oak- VirtualDub program (NunDub, VirtualDum Mod).
Think- play a computer game.
Doomer- an avid gamer.
Fool, Durik- AMD Duron processor.
Hole- a method not provided for by software developers and allowing unauthorized access to something. Most often the word is used when discussing hacking something.
Emelya, Emlo(from English e-mail) - email (see also Soap).
Egor- (from English error) error.
HEDGEHOG- EGA standard monitor.
Emelya- from the Russian reading of the English word e-mail, soap.
Toad, frog. 1) Java programming language. 2) see Phototoad.
Toadscript- JavaScript programming language.
Zhab(b)er, Zhaber Jabber is an open protocol for fast messaging.
Fry. 1) compress files using a JAR archiver; 2) burn files to a CD (CD-R or CD-RW).
Iron- computer components.
Yellow assembly- computer components made in China, Singapore, etc. Currently, the term has lost its relevance, since the vast majority of computer electronics are produced in Asian countries.
LJ, ZhiZha- a diary posted on livejournal.com or the Live Journal service itself.
Butt cutter- GPRS.
Buzz. 1. Establish a connection using a modem. 2. Make an entry in LiveJournal. It is used in two opposite meanings: a) write something topical that will receive a lot of comments from other users; b) write about something that is not interesting to others and is boring.
Ban(from English to ban) - prohibit a user from writing messages on a forum or in a chat, deny access to any resource.
Freeze- an irregular state of the operating system or application software, in which the system or program does not respond to user actions.
Fill- upload the file to the server.
Request- a set of words and service symbols characterizing the information that the user wants to find.
Zvukova- sound card.
Zip- use an archiver that compresses data into zip format.
Zipun, zipper, zipped- ZIP format archive.
Zuchel, Züchsel, Züchel- equipment from ZyXEL.
PS- Post Scriptum (the letters ZY are on the keyboard in the same places as the Latin P and S, respectively). If initially “ZY” appeared in messages as a result of forgetfulness or absent-mindedness (the user did not switch from the English keyboard layout to Russian), now “ZY” instead of “PS” is usually used deliberately or out of laziness.
IE- MS Internet Explorer browser (see also Donkey, Donkey).
IMHO(from the English In My Humble Opinion, used online as an abbreviation IMHO - “in my humble opinion”) - I have an opinion, I want to voice it; I think; It seems to me (later humorous transcript: I have an opinion, you can’t argue with it).
Intrushka(English intro) - a screensaver representing a software product.
Internet- Internet.
Irda (from the English IrDA - Infrared Data Association)- infrared port.
Irka- online communication system IRC (Internet Relay Chat).
Bloodhound, bloodhound- search system.
Ass- Internet Explorer browser (from the abbreviation IE).
XPya, XPy- OS Windows XP
Stone- central processor.
Casual(English casual - random, irregular, fickle) - a person who does not seriously and constantly study a subject and is not deeply interested in it, but shows interest from time to time.
Casual games- games intended for a casual audience. Most often distributed through the shareware system.
Pocket- a device for connecting a hard drive to a computer.
Rocking chair- a program for downloading files from the Internet.
Quaker- player of the computer game Quake.
Croak- play Quake.
Keyboard- floating fluid.
Cybersquatting- seizure or theft of domain names for the purpose of resale.
Kilo, Kilogram, Kb- kilobytes.
Klava- keyboard.
Brick- central processor.
Pussy- see Cisco.
Klava- keyboard.
Klikukha- 1. Computer mouse. 2. Selected nickname used on the Internet (colloquial).
Male- cable.
Picking, picking- editor for working with vector graphics Corel Draw Encoder- programmer.
A sorcerer, however!- an expression applied to a programmer who managed to fix in a couple of minutes something that others had been struggling with for at least a day.
Computer- computer, PC.
Compach- CD.
Wolf Commander- file manager Volkov Commander.
Combiner (Tractor driver)- someone who constantly uses the keyboard in FPS (First Person Shooter) games.
Computer- computer.
Connect- connection to the Internet.
Contra, KS- Counter-Strike.
Config, conf. 1. Conference, forum. 2. Program configuration file, which contains the settings of this program.
Root- the first directory in the tree on the disk (root directory).
King of firewood, Korelian firewood, Clumsy firewood- editor for working with vector graphics Corel Draw.
Cracker- a person who hacks security systems (they are often mistakenly called hackers).
Krakozyabry- problems with document encoding.
Red assembly- computer components assembled in the CIS.
Red eye- infrared port.
Crack, crack, crack, quack(English to crack - to split) - a program cracker.
Cracker, Cracker- cm. Cracker.
Grunt, crack- hack the program.
Ku. 1. Greetings in chats (from the movie "Kin-dza-dza!"). 2. English Re(), typed in the Russian keyboard layout.
Kudwacker- Quake player, a computer shooter game.
Cool, cool(from English Cool) - cool, cool!.
Cooler(English cooler) - a fan that cools a processor, hard drive, system unit or power supply.
Kulkhatsker- a disparaging name for someone who considers himself a hacker, or a respectful name among lamers.
Lag(English lag) - delay in data transmission over the network.
Lazarus- laser printer.
Lamer(English lamer) - a complete fool, a dummy, an incompetent user who does not want to learn anything.
Noodles- set of wires, also the name of a regular telephone wire in which two copper conductors are placed in an insulator and run in parallel, receiving radio interference, unlike a twisted pair or shielded cable.
Leftist- questionable products, manufacturer unknown. Sometimes it's a pirated copy.
The cure for greed- a program for hacking the limiting functions of an unpaid program, sometimes just a cure.
Flying car- fly type toy.
Linux (Lin, Lyalich, Lyulich)- Linux operating system.
Fox, Chanterelle- FireFox browser.
Leecher(English leech - leech) a useless participant in a file-sharing network who only downloads without giving anything in return.
Lokalka, lan, lana, lanka, doe(English LAN) - a local network that does not necessarily have access to the Internet.
LOL(English lol -) - laughter, loud laughter.
Lolka, Lolik, Lolita- a person characterized by stupid and awkward behavior and often causing laughter from others. It came from the frequent inappropriate use of the LOL remark.
Onion- Outlook Express email client.
Loser(English loser - loser) a derivative of the word "user" (user), which is of a negative, offensive nature; Jonah.
Skis, Lazha- LG company.
Lytdybr- diary. If you type a Russian word on the keyboard, forgetting to switch the keyboard from English, it works. The word was coined by Roman Leibov while developing livejournal.com.
Chandelier- Adobe Illustrator program.
Mazda- cm. Mastday
Mozilla, Murzilka- Mozilla browser.
Mom, Mother, Uterus, Mother, Mother- motherboard.
Mastday(from the English must die - must disappear) - a disparaging name for the Windows family of operating systems; a phrase expressing an attitude towards any low-quality product.
Manual(English manual) - user manual.
Mafon- any device with magnetic tape.
Small soft, Melkosoft- a disparaging name for Microsoft.
Messaga(from English message) - message, letter.
Merzilka- a derogatory name for the Mozilla browser.
Meter, Meg, MB- megabyte
Interlude- literal translation of English. Interface - interface.
Mirk, Mirka- IRC network, most often some channel in IRC (from the name of the popular IRC client mIRC).
Brain- RAM, RAM, random access memory.
Momed, Moped, Mudozvon- modem.
Monya, Monique- computer monitor.
Muzzle- 1. program interface, home page of a website or portal. 2. Front panel of the computer system unit.
Mpezhit- Convert to MPG file format (MPEG, MPE).
Muscle- MySQL database management system.
Soap, Soap dish- email, message in email or address in email (from mail).
Soap, lather- send a message by email ().
Mouse- manipulator.
Mousedrome- mouse pad.
Slice- record on discs.
Rapist- Programmer in SI language.
Nafigator- Netscape Navigator.
Uncreature- NetWare software.
Netoscope, netcabinet, cabinet- Netscape browser (see also Nafigator).
Nick(from English nickname, nick) - pseudonym, nickname.
Noname- 1. (English Noname), manufacturer unknown. 2. Website nnm.ru.
Mink— Norton Commander.
Noter, Notik, Nutybyaka(English notebook) - laptop.
Ntikha, Ntyakha- any operating system built on the basis of NT technologies, for example Windows XP/2003.
Noob, newb(from the English “newbie” - newbie) - “teapot”, beginner, inexperienced.
Nyura— program for burning CD/DVD discs Nero Burning ROM.
Odinesnik— programmer specializing in the 1C:Enterprise system.
Window— Windows operating system.
Olya— OLE, Object Linking and Embedding technology, which allows you to edit data created in another program without leaving the main editor.
Oracle, Oracle— Oracle database.
Opsos- mobile operator.
Donkey, Donkey IE— Internet Explorer browser.
Axis- Operating system.
Axle in half (half shaft)- Operating system OS/2.
Rollback(the literal translation of the English term “rollback”) is a return to the original situation when deficiencies are discovered in a new configuration of a computer system/individual application or service.
Offtopic, offtopic, offtopic- a statement not on the topic of conversation (forum, etc.) Offtopic - The message is not in the box office.
Ochepyatka- the word "typo", written with a typo, which symbolizes the meaning of the typo.
Paga(from English page) - page on the Internet.
Parse- split the page code into separate parts to extract individual data from it.
Libel— program in Pascal language.
Paskuda 1. Program in Pascal language 2. An amateur writing programs in Pascal language.
Lampoon, lampooner- a programmer who writes programs in Pascal.
Password, pass- password.
Stump, Pentyukh- Pentium central processor from Intel.
Perlovka, pearl- Perl programming language.
Peter— Peter Norton.
Pajamas- Adobe PageMaker.
Penguinux- cm. Linux.
Writer— CD burner (CD-R or CD-RW).
Pussy, pussy(from the English PC, pronounced "pee-si") - personal computer, PC.
Plank- RAM module.
Platnik- host on a paid server.
Tile- printed circuit board.
Plyuynik- jet printer.
pros— C++ programming language.
Half shaft, Half shaft, Half shaft(s)- operating system OS/2.
Garbage- basket.
Fix(from English fix) - fix.
Chit- spoil; delete.
Gadget- an advanced device.
Flat- a programmer who writes programs in C++.
Prog- program.
Programmer- programmer.
Proksya- proxy server.
Firmware- program code recorded in the non-volatile memory of a device (for example, a PDA, cell phone or router).
Flash— change the firmware.
Jumping- jet printer.
Cancer(from English rack) - removable storage device.
Frame- search engine Rambler.
Rapida- file sharing server www.rapidshare.de.
Rare— use the RAR archiver.
Share(eng. share - share property) - open a resource on the local network for collective access.
Reboot(from English reboot) - reboot.
Real- life outside the Internet.
Regret, Regret- register.
Cutter— a device for recording (“cutting”) optical discs (CD-, DVD-R[W]).
Release(from the English release) - release of the program; release of the final version of the program for sale. In Varez circles, a pirated version of a program or film ready for distribution on the Internet.
Respect(from the English "Respect") - a manifestation of respect for something or someone. Piano- keyboard.
RTFM, RTFM(from the English Read The Following Manual - read these instructions) - referring the reader or questioner to the documentation.
Swears— produces error messages (usually instead of the expected result).
Rules, rules, rules(from the English rules - correct) - the highest degree of approval; very correct, good, cool.
Steer. 1. Be very cool 2. Win, surpass.
Runet- Russian or Russian-language segment of the Internet (runet, from the name domain.ru).
To chop, to chop- the same as playing, enthusiastically playing some game.
Subject(from English subject) - the subject of a message or email.
Sled— a device for quickly changing the hard drive without opening the case.
Sax, suks(from English to Suck - suck) - an expression of disapproval.
Die- stop working, break down.
Safe, safe- (English save) - a saved game, a save point in a game or operating system to which you can return.
Gray assembly- assembled in one of the unnamed factories around the world. As a rule, from components of the same unknown origin.
Server, server, sideboard— server.
Networker- network card.
Sidyuk- CD.
Simka— SIMM memory module.
Blue tooth, blue tooth(from English Bluetooth) - bluetooth radio communication technology.
Blue screen- Windows message about a fatal error that requires a system reboot.
Zionist- programmer writing in C language.
Sysadmin- System Administrator.
Sysop— SYSTEM OPERATOR.
Skazevy— connected via a SCSI adapter.
Tale— SCSI adapter.
Skin(from English Skin - skin, shell) - appearance, shell, design, switchable at the user's choice.
Lick- copy completely.
Drain/fill anything - send/receive.
Snotlout, Snotlout- jet printer.
demolish— uninstall (delete) the software.
Dog, doggy- the most common name for the @ symbol.
Soretz, source(s)(English source) - the source code of the program in one or more files.
Software(from software) - software.
THX- Thank you.
Tank, be in a tank- not to be aware of the matter, to know nothing about the subject of discussion.
Greed Pill- cm. Cure (for greed).
Wheelbarrow- computer.
TV— monitor.
trample- archive.
Trample Claudia— type some text on the keyboard.
Tormozilla- Mozilla browser.
Basin. 1. Personal computer or workstation. 2. Satellite dish.
Tract- logical data transmission channel.
Tractor driver- a person who uses only a keyboard in a shooter computer game (run and gun).
Troll(from the English troll) is an anonymous Internet provocateur. On the Internet, this is the name given to people who deliberately publish (on forums, news groups) provocative articles and messages that are intended to cause conflicts between participants, flames, insults, etc. Such articles and messages themselves are also sometimes called trolls.
Trolling(from English trolling) is the process of writing provocative messages on the Internet. See Troll for more details.
Pipe Pascakal(from the English “Turbo Pascal”) is a compiler for the Pascal programming language, created by Borland.
Trojan- a computer virus that infiltrates a system and quietly transfers personal information from it to an attacker.
Thrash(English trash) - basket.
Tools(from the English tools - “tools”) - utilities.
Dill- Acorp modem.
Unih— UNIX operating system.
Urla- URL.
User(English user - user) - an inexperienced user with inflated self-esteem.
Fall asleep at the piano- fall asleep in front of the computer with your face on the keyboard.
Scrap (Scrap)— utilities, special programs intended for official purposes.
Ears- headphones.
Fileo- Files.
FAK(eng. FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions) - answers to frequently asked questions. Fix(from English fix) - fix.
Philes- files.
Feature(English feature - feature, property). 1. A non-obvious result of the program, similar to an error or a defect of the developer (“a documented bug is a feature”). 2. A specific function or property of software/hardware.
Flame(English flame) - insults or uninformative messages, long, fruitless arguments.
Flashenza, flash drive— USB Flash, mobile storage device.
Flopak, floppar, flopik, flopovod, flopgnoz- floppy drive.
Flop- Floppy Disk.
Flood(English flood) - a meaningless flow of information; repeated repetition of identical or almost identical messages.
Flood— write a large number of identical or almost identical messages.
Font(from English Font) - font.
Windows- cm. Window.
Phototoad— 1) Adobe Photoshop program. 2) collage, fake photo created in Adobe Photoshop Photozhop, Photozhop - Adobe Photoshop.
Frivar(from the English freeware) - a free software product.
Freelancer (from the English freelance - freelance, civilian) - a person hired for one-time jobs (usually related to web design or programming) and working remotely.
Hack(English hack). 1. Initially (born at the University of Berkeley) a modification of the program code that allows you to reduce the size of the program, expand functionality or speed up its operation, finally just a beautiful programming solution 2. a non-standard, sometimes not the most beautiful solution to a problem, usually based on the use of features of some -or platforms. 3. process of hacking protection. 4. modifier program.
Hacker(English hacker). 1. A person who loves to study the details of programmable systems, studying the issue of increasing their capabilities, as opposed to the majority of users who prefer to limit themselves to studying the required minimum. 2. Someone who programs with enthusiasm (even obsessively), or who loves to program, rather than just theorize about programming. 3. An expert on a particular computer program, or someone who frequently works with it. 4. Someone who enjoys intellectual challenges involving creatively overcoming or working around limitations. 5. An attacker who tries to dig up other people’s personal information for personal gain. The correct term for this meaning is “cracker.”
Quickie- work, part-time job.
hack- engage in hacking
Hamster. 1) home page (English homepage). 2) computer user. 3) Windows XP Home Edition user
Hard. 1) hard drive, hard drive (from the English Hard Disc Drive); 2) computer equipment, hardware, hardware (from the English hardware).
Halva, Freebie, Halfa- computer game Half-Life.
Khatsker, Kul-khatsker- a disparaging term for someone who fancies himself a hacker.
HZ(an abbreviation of the phrase “who the hell knows” or, if you like, an obscene version instead of the word “horseradish”). “I have no idea,” “I don’t know,” “I have no idea.”
Khryusha, Khrya, Hp, HaPe, Khren- OS Windows XP. Other decoding options - Shitty Works, Horseradish You can figure it out.
Virgin, Cellulite- Intel Celeron processor.
Cisco- products of Cisco Systems, Inc.
Tsukhel, Tsukhel (Zukhel)- modem from ZyXEL.
TCC- www. in Russian keyboard layout.
FAQ- Frequently asked questions (see also FAC).
Kettle- a novice computer user, an inexperienced user, a person who does not know how to use a personal computer expediently and to the extent required for it.
Chatlanin- permanent chat participant.
Suitcase— external storage device.
Worm(English worm) - network virus, i.e. a type of computer virus that spreads mainly through a local or global computer network.
Turtle- modem.
Cheater(English cheat - scam, cheater - swindler) - a computer game player who tries to deceive the program either using its features, or using cheat codes or cheat programs.
CHMUK- CMYK (color layout - cyan, magenta, yellow, cobalt).
Trousers(from the English shareware) - shareware software.
Balls, Shared or shared resources(from the English shared) - files, folders, disks, etc. open to public access.
Wardrobe, NetWardrobe- Netscape Navigator.
Hose, Lace- cable.
Enikey(from English any key) - any key.
Enikeyschik. 1. a specialist involved in technical support for users in any office (helps illiterate users in situations like “press any key to continue”). 2. A user who presses all the buttons in a row without understanding.
Entya, Entyakha— Microsoft Windows NT operating system.
Enuresis(from the English Unerase) - a utility for restoring erased files.
Usability(from the English Usability) - ease of use of the site.
Use something (from the English use) - to use (for example, a computer program).
User, Yuzver(from English User) - user.
User agent(from the English USER-AGENT) - a string identifying the visitor’s browser, transmitted to the web server in one of the request headers.
Userpic— a picture that the user chooses as his “face”.
Unixoid- user of a UNIX family operating system.
Unikh- UNIX OS.
Yabloko- user of Apple Macintosh computers.
Java- cm. Toad.
Yaka- Yandex Catalog.
Yahoo, Yahoo- Yahoo search engine.
Yasha- Yandex search engine.
When you come across people who work on computers or have them at home, you involuntarily pay attention to some of the words and expressions that they often use in their speech. Moreover, they use these words not only in conversations with “initiates” like them. It is difficult for an inexperienced person to understand the secret meaning that computer scientists put into even the most familiar words for us: stone, moped, soap or screw. Our dictionary of computer jargon (slang) will make your communication with computer scientists more free.
Administrator is a system administrator, or a person who has full access to the administration of any system, site or service.
Aibolit is an antivirus program.
IP address - IP address.
Alfia is an alpha version of a computer program, a blank, a raw program.
Unlim - Internet access with unlimited traffic.
Upgrade - improving the parameters of a personal computer by replacing outdated components with newer ones.
Upload - uploading files to the server.
The device is a computer.
Asya - ICQ Internet pager (a special program for exchanging text messages between users of the ICQ system) or a unique subscriber number of this system.
ICQ - Internet pager ICQ (a special program for exchanging text messages between users of the ICQ system) or a unique subscriber number of this system.
Attachment is a file attached to an email.
A bug is a failure in a program caused by its “dampness” or imperfection.
Damn, a blank CD (or DVD) with a single or multiple write function.
A blank CD (or DVD) with a single or multiple write function.
An adventure game is a browser (Internet browser program), or a computer game of the Quest or First-Person Shooter genre.
Backup - make backup copies.
Varez - illegally distributed software and license keys for it (from the English "warez").
Turntable - disk drive.
Weight is the size of a file, folder, movie, game or any other information on the computer.
Vidyukha - video card.
Windows is the Windows operating system from Microsoft Corporation.
Screw - hard drive (computer hard drive, HDD).
Vir is a computer virus.
Pull - download information from the Internet.
Hamover is the end of the game.
Gamer is a computer game player.
A hectare is a gigabyte.
Gig - gigabyte.
A glitch is an unexpected error in a program or incorrect operation of equipment.
Vile - written under the auspices of the GNU (a type of software license).
Blue Giant is a manufacturer of computers and components for IBM.
Google - search for information on the Internet using the Google search engine.
A guru is a teacher, a respected person, an experienced master, a cool programmer.
The engine is the core, the “engine” of the program.
Device is any device (a structurally complete technical system) that has a specific functional purpose.
Demo is an incomplete (trial) version of a computer program or computer game.
Jipeg - graphic file in JPG, JPEG format
Firewood - drivers (programs that allow any devices to work with a given operating system).
Think - play the computer game DOOM.
Doomer - playing the computer game DOOM.
Hardware - system components (parts) of a computer.
Zhelezyachnik is a person who is well versed in computer components (parts).
Frozen - this is what they say when the computer does not respond to any commands and there is nothing left to do but restart it by pressing the Reset button.
Upload - copy the file to the server.
Zvukovuha - audio card.
Zip - archive files or folders with the ZIP data archiving program.
Internet - Internet.
Iskalka is a search engine.
Stone - processor (central processing unit of a personal computer, CPU).
Campus - computer.
Kasper is an antivirus program created by Kaspersky Lab.
Quake is a computer game Quake.
Croak - play the computer game Quake.
Klava - keyboard.
Click - press a computer mouse button or activate a hyperlink (follow it).
Coder - programmer.
Contra is a computer game Counter-Strike.
A three-finger combination - Ctrl+Alt+Delete - calls the task manager, in older systems - restarts the computer.
Connect - connect (to the Internet, to a game server, etc.).
Computer - computer.
Root - root directory (the first folder in the folder tree).
Rat is a contemptuous name for a computer mouse.
Crack is a program cracker that allows you to use it for free.
Cooler is a fan that cools the computer processor and/or other important chips (for example, on a video card).
Lazar is a laser printer.
Laser printer - laser printer.
Lamer is an incompetent PC user with inflated self-esteem (not to be confused with a teapot).
Medicine is a program cracker that allows you to use it for free.
Flying is a computer game in the flight simulator genre.
Login - identifier (name) used to log into the system.
Lokalka is a local network.
Mac is a Macintosh computer manufactured by Apple.
Mom is the motherboard.
Mother - motherboard.
Motherboard - motherboard.
Matrix - a blank CD (or DVD) with a single or multiple write function.
Mother - motherboard.
The car is a computer.
Message - message, letter.
Meter - megabyte.
Brains are the computer's random access memory (RAM).
Monya is a computer monitor.
Moped - modem.
Trash - Recycle Bin (a folder in Windows where files and folders are placed before they are finally deleted).
Soap - email (e-mail).
PDA - pocket personal computer.
Nick - pseudonym, nickname.
Noob is a newbie.
RAM is the computer's random access memory (RAM).
Donkey - Internet Explorer browser.
The axis is the operating system.
Office is a package of application programs for the Microsoft Office computer.
Paga is a page on a website on the Internet.
Stick - joystick.
Password - password (from the English Password).
Pentyukh is a Pentium processor manufactured by Intel.
Stump is a Pentium processor manufactured by Intel.
Pisyuk is either a personal computer (from the English PC) or a CD-ROM writer.
The strip is a RAM module.
Armpit - mouse pad.
Trash - Recycle Bin (a folder in Windows where files and folders are placed before they are finally deleted).
Prog is a program.
Programmer - programmer.
Cancer - a removable disk drive (mobile hard drive).
A resuscitator is a specialist or a set of special programs capable of “reanimating” a computer (that is, capable of restoring the computer and data on it after a serious breakdown or failure).
Regist - register.
Cutter - CD-ROM with the function of burning CD and/or DVD discs.
Cut - write information onto optical discs.
Rulez - an expression of approval (from English to Rule - to rule, to steer).
Herring - plastic packaging from recordable CDs (usually 10-100 discs).
Server - server.
Sideboard - server.
Setevukha is a network card.
Internet.
Sidyuk - CD-ROM.
Blue tooth - Bluetooth interface.
Blue Screen of Death - the text of a message about a critical Windows error (displayed on the monitor screen in the form of white letters on a blue background).
Sysadmin - system administrator.
Demolish - remove information from a computer or any storage medium.
Software - computer software.
Shooter is a computer game of the Action class (3D action).
Inkjet - inkjet printer.
TV - monitor.
Trample loaves - work on the keyboard (button, translated from English, - buttons).
Brakes are very slow operation of computer programs or the computer itself.
Kill - delete information from a computer or from any storage medium.
Uryuk is a PC user.
Fix - correct errors.
Windows is a derogatory name for the Microsoft Corporation's Windows operating system.
Hamster - the main (home) page of the site.
FAQ - frequently asked questions, FAQ.
Teapot is a novice computer user.
Bloomers is a shareware program for PC.
Cable - a multi-core flat cable (for example, an “IDE cable” for connecting a hard drive to an IDE port on the motherboard).
Lace - wire, connecting cable.
Enikey - any key.
User - computer user.
Unixoid is a user of the UNIX operating system.
Yabloko is a user of Apple Macintosh computers.
Text © Spitsyn Vladimir, 2008 (especially for the site "City of Vorkuta" -)
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To the uninitiated, the phrase “overclock a computer” sounds like “disassemble”, or even “break” the computer. This is partly true, since the consequences of “overclocking” are hardly predictable and anything can happen. However, computer owners quite often decide to take such a radical measure as “overclocking”. Why is this and why is this necessary? All such users have one common goal - to increase the performance of the computer system. Private goals can be anything, from the need to use a new operating system or office software package on an old computer, to the desire to play new computer games on an old computer. So how can you “overclock” your computer without breaking it? |
Authorization— a procedure for verifying the authenticity of a password or combination of logical identification name and password entered by the user in any interactive form.
Admin- administrator, a leadership position in the computer world. Network, database, website administrator:
Account— account, username (login or login) and password (password).
Alternative text— text that is displayed instead of a graphic object in browsers that do not support graphics, as well as in browsers in which graphics support is disabled by the user.
Alpha channel— a picture transparency mask, saved on disk along with the graphic file and defining transparent areas of the image.
Animation— watch GIF animation.
Antivirus- a program that detects and removes viruses, Trojan horses, worms, etc.
Apache— watch Apache.
Upgrade- modernization of computer hardware, expansion of capabilities, improvement of its functional characteristics, as well as improvement of software (to a lesser extent).
Upload— (from English upload) the process of uploading files to a remote computer.
Applet is an independent application written in Java and intended to be included in an HTML document as an element of a web page.
Archiver- a program that allows you to compress information by eliminating redundancy (spaces, repetitions, etc.). Compression can be with or without losses. You can compress anything: text, music, video, photos, etc. Moreover, the more homogeneous the information, the better it is compressed.
Assembler— low-level programming language (see PL). There is a direct correspondence between assembler and machine codes (see Disassembler), however, assembler has already been somewhat humanized, machine codes have been replaced by mnemonics (words). It is used for writing drivers when you need to achieve maximum speed and at the same time take into account the specifics of a particular processor.
ICQ— (from the English abbreviation ICQ) a communication program for the Internet that allows you to exchange short messages (analogous to a pager), as well as send files, photos, etc. One of the means of communication on the Internet.
Tag attribute— a parameter corresponding to each specific tag.
Attach- file attached to e-mail.
Bugs- (from the English bug = bug), errors, defects. According to legend, the vacuum tubes of large and ancient computers often burned out due to moths flying into the light and heat, and the machine failed.
Byte— 8 bits, a unit of measurement of the amount of information. There are also units of measurement: kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte, exabyte.
Ban- deny access to something.
Banner network- a specialized Internet server that advertises a user’s web resource in exchange for placing advertisements for other network participants.
Banner- an advertising image of a fixed size, usually containing animation, which acts as a hyperlink to a particular Internet resource.
DB— database, structured information storage. In relational databases, information is stored in tables that are linked to each other.
BASIC- watch 'BASIC'.
Beeper— (from the English beeper) a computer device that produces simple sounds. More complex sounds and music can be obtained using a sound card (sound blaster).
Bit— (English binary digit) binary digit, 0 or 1, the minimum unit of measurement of the amount of information.
Browser is a special client program designed to view the content of web sites and display HTML documents. Browsers have a built-in hypertext markup language translator that compiles html code when opening a web page.
Boolean variables- variables, each of which can take the value 'TRUE' or 'FALSE'.
Bullet style— appearance and shape of labels indicating occurrences of numbered and bulleted lists.
Vendor— (from the English vendor) a wholesale company offering goods.
Breaking- illegal (unauthorized) penetration into a computer system, usually for the purpose of stealing information, compromising, causing damage, etc.
Windows— (from English windows = ‘windows’) a very common operating system from Microsoft.
Winchester- computer hard drive (HDD, hard disk drive), the main storage of information. Retains data when power is turned off.
Virtual channel- a connection between two computers connected to a network, between which data is transferred.
Virtual store- a complex automated electronic system designed for the sale of goods and services of commercial enterprises using network technologies.
Virus
Word- (from the English word = word), a computer program from Microsoft. A very common, powerful text editor.
World Wide Web— watch the Internet.
Gamma correction— an algorithm for controlling image brightness, which makes it possible to achieve identical display of graphics on computer screens from different manufacturers.
Gamer- (from the English game - game) player, a person who constantly plays computer games. Gamers, fixated on games, stop further understanding the computer and degrade in the computer sense.
General Public License- the license under which almost all free software is distributed on the Internet (the General Public License, GNU).
Hyperlink— organizing a dynamic connection between two Internet resource objects through a hyperlink.
Hyperlink— (English Hyperlink) a basic functional element of HTML documents, which is the implementation of a dynamic connection of any object of a given web page with the contextual content of another document or file object.
Hypertext— hypertext markup language, see HTML.
Glitch- show signs of error, make mistakes. Computer programs are usually glitchy, but hardware or people can be glitchy. Apparently, it comes from the word ‘hallucination’.
Voice interface— interaction with the program (hardware) carried out by voice. To do this, the program must be able to recognize human speech and highlight words.
Guest book— a section of a website equipped with a special interactive form, with the help of which visitors to this resource can leave their wishes and suggestions to the developers or owners of the resource.
Bang- erase, destroy, spoil (for example, a database, program, document) purposefully or by mistake.
Daonload— (from English download) the process of copying files from a remote network computer (server) to the calling computer (client). In common technical jargon, this procedure is sometimes called ‘downloading’.
Debugger- a tool (program) for eliminating errors in a program, helps the programmer find an error in the program text - localize it.
Deza— disinformation, deliberately false information published with the aim of misleading, defaming, and testing reactions.
Datagram- a packet of information transmitted through the network independently of other packets, without the formation of a virtual channel and confirmation of reception.
Disassembler- a program that translates machine codes into assembly language. This is possible because there is a direct correspondence between them. It is impossible to translate machine codes into a high-level programming language (BASIC, Pascal).
Conversational mode— a type of interface in which interaction is organized in the form of a dialogue (question-answer). Typically implemented in the form of screen forms.
Dynamic design— a method of website layout in which its elements change their position depending on the user’s screen settings.
Homepage- an Internet resource, usually a story about a person, his family, lifestyle, hobbies and interests.
Domain- the logical level of the Internet, that is, a group of network resources that has its own name and is managed by its own network station.
Access— the ability to perform some actions with an object. Access to the network, access to a document, website, database, etc. Read access, write access, launch access, etc.
Driver- a program that controls any external or internal device of a computer (scanner, mouse, keyboard, disk drive:). A driver is an intermediate link between the hardware (device) and the operating system. After changing or adding a device, you need to change or install its driver and the operating system and programs will be able to work with this device. There is no need to change the program or operating system.
Iron- (aka HARD) computer hardware, its physical embodiment (processor, hard drive, memory).
Burn- do something very well, not usually.
Hang out— do not respond to actions (key presses, mouse movements, etc.) Programs freeze. The program may freeze if there is an error in it or this situation was not foreseen by the programmer (which is also a kind of error), or due to heavy loads or insufficient memory. - when you turn on the computer, the operating system initially starts, which prepares the computer for operation and for launching other programs.
To come in— launch the program, start working with the program. But you can also go to the website on the Internet.
Record— row of a relational database table.
UPS- Uninterruptable power source. Watch 'UPS'.
Identifier— denoted by the letters ID. 1.) A cascading style sheets program element that allows you to assign a different set of properties to the same physical HTML objects without using classes (see Class). 2.) Identifiers are also found in JavaScript and other programming languages. Computers also have their own ID. IP is also an identifier.
Ignore- an abbreviation for the word ‘ignore’, a special programmatic procedure for treating individual chatlans, in which his appeals do not go through. Ignoring can be private or general (total).
IMHO- (from the English 'IMHO' - In my humble opinion), in my humble opinion.
Indexing- the process of including a link to any Internet resource in a search engine database.
Indexed color palette— a palette that uses no more than 256 colors of fixed shades, described in a special service file.
Internet— Abbreviation for Internet, came from chat rooms.
Installation— installation of the program on the computer. Programs are distributed in a distribution kit - a kind of packaging. Most programs require installation before starting work. At the same time, they copy the necessary files to the computer’s hard drive and are registered in the operating system.
Interactive banner— an advertising banner created using Macromedia Flash technologies, Java or VBScript scripts, CGI, and HTML elements.
Internet- a complex electronic information structure, which is a global network that allows you to connect computers located anywhere in the world and exchange information between them.
Interface- this is the appearance of the system, behind which its internal structure is hidden. They say: ‘friendly interface’, ‘complex interface’, ‘ergonomic interface’.
Intranet— according to the generally accepted definition, an intranet or intranet is a closed internal network of an organization operating using the TCP/IP Internet protocol. From the above it follows that this category of networks does not have a territorial characteristic; its main characteristic is that an intranet is the internal network of a company, institution, etc.
Info- short for information, came from chats.
Image Map— (English image map) a graphic image, certain areas of which are active zones and perform the functions of hyperlinks.
Upload, download- from the word 'download' - copy information (files) to your computer from a remote location (for example, from the Internet).
Quoting- Russian pronunciation quoting - quotation. Overquoting is excessive quoting.
Klava- keyboard, came from programmers.
Class- an element of program code that allows you to assign a different set of properties to the same physical objects of the program.
Client- a computer (or program) that is served by a server. Client-server technology.
Client-server- a mechanism for transferring information between a remote computer that makes its resources available to users and the user computer that exploits these resources. In this case, the one providing access to its own resources is called a ‘server’, and the one receiving such access is called a ‘client’.
Cyrillic encoding is a generally accepted standard that includes a character set that allows characters of the Russian alphabet to be displayed in HTML documents.
Running title- the top or bottom repeating part of the page where page numbering, etc. is placed. A permanent or partially changeable part of the page (bottom, top, below the text, left, right, etc.). Constant - lines, patterns, book title, author, and partially variable - page number, chapter number, title of the current chapter, etc.
Command line— an interface in which interaction with the system is carried out by entering commands and parameters to them, and in response, some action is performed. It is less visually understandable than the icons of programs similar to Windows. In the case of the command line, a line hangs on the monitor against a black screen, which is not understandable to the average user without some preparation.
Computer- computer, came from gamers and chat rooms.
Compression of graphic files— the process of removing unused data from a graphic file.
Connect- connection.
Connect— connect, establish a connection, call your provider (usually a modem connection).
Content— semantic content of an Internet resource.
Cookies- (from the English ‘cookies’ = cookies). This is confidential information regarding your IP, your settings on a particular site. On the one hand, this is very convenient, because, for example, you don’t have to constantly enter a password on your provider’s website. However, these cookies can be used for bad purposes.
Cooler- (from the word ‘cooler’ = fan). There are coolers that cool the processor, power supply and other devices: graphics accelerator, etc. That is, a computer can have several coolers (usually two).
Caching- the process of saving HTML documents and graphic files downloaded from the Internet into a special folder on the hard drive of the user’s computer. When you access the site again, browsers open this web page from the hard drive, which can significantly reduce the time it takes to read it.
Lamer- 'kettle' (from the word 'lame' - 'lame', 'crippled', 'unsuccessful') - a person who is poorly versed in computers, a novice user.
Login— a logical account identifying the user, used in combination with a password during the authorization process (see Authorization).
Logical structure of the site— a set of thematic headings with documents distributed into sections and designed hyperlinks between all pages of the resource.
The local network- a structure consisting of several computers connected to each other by a special cable, between which data is transferred.
Bulleted list— a list of data designed to display unordered information presented to the reader in the form of entries positioned according to meaning.
Routers— specialized servers that perform routing (see Routing).
Routing- the process of sending a data packet to the network node to which this packet is addressed.
Mastday- a swear word, from the English ‘must die’ - ‘let him die’, an exclamation that escapes from people at the next Windows error that leads to unpleasant consequences. Will soon become a common word for other programs that have bugs. The masterpiece is often called Windows 95 or 98.
Motherboard- the main device of a computer into which other devices are connected: processor, memory, boards, hard drive, floppy drive, etc.
Mother- abbreviation for 'Motherboard'. The main device of a computer into which other devices are connected: processor, memory, boards, hard drive, floppy drive, etc.
Mainframe- a large computer with large processing power, memory, etc. They are used in banks, for reserving tickets, places in hotels, airports, and in military systems.
Menu— a type of interface that allows you to select an action from several points.
Messaga- from English ‘message’ - message or letter.
Metalanguage is a programming language designed to describe other lower-level languages.
Modem— a bidirectional analog-to-digital data converter that uses the principle of superimposing a modulated analog signal on the carrier frequency in the process of information transmission.
Modem pool- a telephone number where you can call your provider and establish a connection between your modem and the provider.
Moderator- a search server employee tasked with monitoring compliance of registered resources with the general rules for using this interactive service.
Soap- (from the English ‘mail’ = letter, mail). They say: send me some soap (soap), give me some soap, soap has arrived, send me some soap.
Mouse- Mouse, a computer pointing device that moves around the table and has 2 or 3 buttons, and sometimes a wheel. The main device for working in Windows. Invented in the USA. It was found that a person works better with a computer (or rather, with a monitor screen) if he can, as it were, move a pointer across the image, ‘point his finger’ at the right place on the screen. A device was invented that moved a pointer across the screen. Then all that remained was to write the appropriate program (mouse driver) so that the location indicated on the screen would react in the proper, necessary way.
Navigator— Netscape Navigator, a browser (a program for viewing Internet pages) from Netscape. Historically, the first one once competed with the Internet Explorer browser from Microsoft.
Lather the message— send an email.
Uncreature— (English Netware) network operating system from Novell.
Nick- (from the English nickname = nickname), pseudonym (came from chats where everyone talks under their nicknames).
Laptop- a computer that allows you to work with it on the road. Performed in the form of a diplomat. Has an independent power source.
Numbered list- a list of data designed to display ordered information, which is displayed on the screen in the form of a numerical listing of the various occurrences.
Reset— set to zero, reset, reset. It came from programmers.
Shell— (English shell) a basic element of the operating system that determines the interpretation of commands and user actions.
RAM- computer RAM, random access memory; when the power is turned off, the data in RAM disappears. Not to be confused with a hard drive or hard drive.
OS
Selector Definition— parameters that determine the visual display properties of an html element in the CSS macro language. They are written to the right of the selector and are enclosed in curly braces.
Graphics Optimizer- a special program that compresses graphic files.
OS- an operating system, a program (system of programs) that allows you to work with a computer and run other programs. Without an operating system, a computer is a pile of hardware. The operating system loads when you turn on the computer and performs thousands of small operations necessary to bring the computer into working order. Examples of operating systems: DOS, Windows, UNIX.
Digitization— transferring information into digital form so that you can work with such information using a computer and other digital devices. You can digitize text, sound, music, images, etc. When digitizing, something is lost and something is gained. It is lost due to the fact that digitization is carried out with a certain step (the figure is discrete, discontinuous in the computer sense, which results in some error), but what is gained is the ability to copy, ease of use, etc.
Memory- an analogue of human memory, a computer device that allows you to store information. Memory can be long-term (hard drives, floppy disks, CD-ROM) and short-term (RAM). In long-term memory, information is retained when the power is turned off, while in short-term memory it is lost.
affiliate program- a special scheme for obtaining financial profit on the Internet, according to which the participant is paid for each unique visitor who comes to the advertiser’s website from an advertising banner placed on the participant’s page.
Patch- (from the English patch = patch), program fix package. Usually it is done by the developer after discovering several errors in the program, some time after the release of a new version of the program.
Forwarding, redirect— redirecting the client browser from the current web page to another Internet resource or replacing the URL of this page with a www alias.
Cyrillic transcoders— special programs that allow you to change the current encoding of HTML documents and text files.
Variable- in a programming language and in mathematics, a cell that stores a specific value. Variables come in different types: numeric, text, dates, and variables can also store other objects.
Personal— PC (Russian), PC (English), pi-si, pisyuk, personal computer, differs from large computers and mainframes in that it allows you to work individually and is designed for the work of one person.
Pixel— a conditional point, a unit of measurement of various objects of the hypertext markup language and other programming languages. One pixel is equal to one conventional point that makes up the image on the monitor screen.
Ping- (from English ping = whistle), buzzing. Ping (packet internet groper) is a program used to check the availability of a destination by sending it a special signal (ICMP echo request) and waiting for a response. The term is used as a verb: ‘Ping host X to see if it is up!’
Piracy— illegal copying and distribution of programs, databases, music. Programs can be distributed over the network or on disks (CD-ROM). You can copy music, films, books - this is also piracy. Copying someone else's work with a slight change in order to pass it off as your own creation is plagiarism.
Pisyuk- PC, personal computer, from the English PC - Personal Computer.
Plugin- an add-on to a program that expands its capabilities.
Pay- a computer device that is inserted into the motherboard and expands its capabilities. For example, sound card, graphics accelerator, etc.
BY- software, computer programs, software.
Website support— a special set of procedures to ensure the functionality of the Internet resource.
Search engines— specialized servers designed to search and accumulate information based on user requests.
Field— a table column in a relational (i.e. tabular) database or a small window for entering information in on-screen forms.
Half shaft- OS/2 (oes in two, axis in two, half axis, axis in half) is an operating system from IBM. Windows NT lost out in the competition.
Port— a connector where computer devices (mouse, keyboard, monitor, printer) are connected.
Portal- a fairly large virtual array of information, including many different thematic sections of a smaller size, or a number of independent projects.
Send to three buttons— press Ctrl + Alt + Delete to reboot the system. By analogy, “send to three well-known letters” in the Russian swear language.
Preview— (English preview) a method of displaying graphic elements in an HTML document, in which a reduced copy of the image is published on a web page, provided with a hyperlink to the drawing presented in full scale.
Private- a form of chat communication when the phrases of only two interlocutors are visible, and not all. Closer relationships.
Printer- a peripheral computer output device that prints texts and graphics. These are, so to speak, the external senses of the computer, through which it, transforming information from digital form into a human-perceivable form, brings it to him. Other peripheral devices are scanner, plotter, keyboard, monitor, microphone, speakers, etc.
Principle of inheritance- a principle used in programming according to which 'child' elements of a language inherit the properties specified for 'parent' elements.
Provider- an organization or company that provides Internet access. From the word provide - to provide. To carry out this function, this company must own an Internet access channel (cable, fiber optic, radio channel, satellite, telephone network, etc.).
Prog- an abbreviation for the word 'program'.
Programmer- programmer, a person who writes computer programs.
Protocol- a set of specifications that allow data exchange between two computers connected to a network, that is, a standard containing a description of the rules for receiving and transmitting commands, text, graphics and other data between two computers, which serves to synchronize the operation of several computers on the network.
Direct Internet access- one of the types of Internet access. It involves connecting a computer or local network to a dedicated high-bandwidth information highway.
Desktop— the Windows interface is organized in the form of a desktop, on it the main, frequently used things, programs, documents, folders are located (in the form of pictograms, i.e. icons). The user has the opportunity to arrange them the way he likes.
Radio button— an interactive form element, used in the case when a logical variable can take only one value out of many possible ones.
Overclocking— speaking funny, this is an opportunity to get something out of nothing. That is, measures that allow you to achieve greater performance from hardware than it currently provides.
Extension is part of the file name that indicates its format. Previously, in MS DOS, the file extension was no more than three characters. Now it can be any length, but traditions are maintained for compatibility purposes.
Real- reality, physical life, came from chats.
Reset— (English RESET) a button on the computer case that causes it to completely reboot. The so-called ‘cold boot’. There is also a warm reboot (partial), starting from some intermediate boot stage.
Search relevance— the degree of comparison of the report created by the search server to the query entered by the user.
RosNIIROS— Russian Research Institute for the Development of Public Networks, manages the distribution of the first-level domain of the Russian Internet zone (.ru).
Roaming— provision of information services (telephone, Internet) in other cities and regions by telephone operators, Internet providers (for example, banking services for servicing your account anywhere in the world).
Router— a specialized server that performs routing (see Routing).
Runet- Russian Internet, i.e. all sites located in the Russian Internet zone.
Website— (English Site) an Internet resource that, unlike a server, does not have a dedicated server program. As a rule, a site is an integrated part of the server, a directory on the server computer, even though most sites have their own domain name.
Subject- (from English subj = topic). Very often used in postal correspondence.
Subs- (from English sub) substitution.
Supgrade- upgrade, watch 'Upgrade'.
Swaping— caching to disk of data that does not fit in RAM, carried out by the operating system.
Selector is a CSS directive that allows you to assign various visual display properties to certain elements of an HTML document.
Internet server- a computer on which a special program is installed (also called a server, web server or http server, server). A computer that serves clients, providing them with some resources for use: disk space, computing power, Internet connection, documents, databases, website. A server can be either a regular computer or a specialized one, with large memory and disks, network channels, and unique resources (printer, modem, database). There is a physical concept of a server (computer), and there is a logical concept of a server (a software process used in client-server technology).
Network protocol— watch the Protocol.
Network node- a computer connected to the Internet that connects several local networks that use the same network protocol.
Network workstation- a local network node that is the main computer in it.
Setiket— netiquette, rules of conduct online, in chat, in electronic correspondence.
Net— local (limited) network.
Compression— reduction in the amount of information. Compression can be lossy or lossless. Information is compressed using special programs—archivers. Compression can be done by software or by hardware (for example, modems). Watch 'Archiver'.
Sidyuk- a computer device that allows you to read CDs with information; CD-ROMs are also the disks themselves.
Sysadmin- System Administrator.
End-to-end protocol- a protocol that ensures the smooth passage of IP packets through a non-IP network.
Throw off- send by email, over the Internet. They say ‘send it to me via email, over the network, on a floppy disk’.
Skriplet- a simple script prepared using an interpreted macro language that is processed by the browser in conjunction with HTML code.
Script— A set of commands of a language, integrated into the code of a web page like a subroutine. A script is also a program written, for example, in the PERL language.
Redirect service— see Forwarding.
Slang- jargon.
Emoticons- smiles, facial expressions made up of special characters. They look like faces if you look at them with your head tilted to the left. For example, 🙂 is a smile, 🙁 is sadness, etc. Emoticons are used in chats and letters to compensate for the lack of verbal communication. The strength of a smile can be expressed by the number of parentheses, for example, :-))) - very cheerful, :-((((- very sad.
Dog- symbol @. Part of an email address. Means 'near', 'at'. For example, [email protected]. User online_fsb on the MAIL.RU website. After the dog the site or provider is indicated.
Impression ratio- a value used in banner networks and determining the size of the commission percentage retained by the network from the volume of advertising shown by a network participant.
Software- programs, software, software. As opposed to hard - hardware, hardware.
SPAM— (jarg) sending unsolicited advertising correspondence via e-mail channels. This clogs your mailbox.
start page- the so-called index file displayed in the browser when accessing an Internet resource or any section of the site. As a rule, it contains information content and navigation elements.
Static design- a method of arranging elements of a web page, in which its elements are placed in a special invisible table of a fixed width.
Page- watch 'Site'.
Struynik- a printer that uses inkjet printing technology (ink droplets fly out of the print head - nozzles). There are also matrix printers (the impact principle through a tape, like in typewriters) and laser printers (the laser beam magnetizes the print drum, attracting particles of ink powder to it in certain places and transferring them to paper).
Knocking on the windows- work in Windows.
DBMS— database management system. A special program that allows you to create and maintain a database.
Hit counter- an interactive graphic element of a web page design, controlled by an appropriate CGI script from its own or from a remote server. Records the number of page openings in visitors' browsers.
Routing tables- electronic databases that contain instructions on where exactly to send this or that package of information if it is sent to a particular address.
Tag— command (directive, instruction) of the HTML language.
Thematic catalog- a specialized server that includes an extensive list of links to other sites, classified into several categories according to thematic focus.
Trample loaves- press buttons, button - button.
Transaction— an operation, for example, transfer money from an account to the seller, make changes to the database. A transaction can be executed or canceled (rolled back).
Translit— pseudo-encoding of the Cyrillic alphabet (see Encoding), involves writing Russian words in characters of the Latin alphabet.
Translator— a special browser module (see Browser) that processes the html code of web pages to convert it into a visual representation form.
Traffic— The flow of messages or the amount of information transmitted. Typically measured in kilobytes (MB, etc.). Also used as the number of visitors to a website or any of its pages per unit of time (day, month, year). Sometimes traffic is understood not as the number of visitors, but as the number of hits per unit of time.
Trainer— (from English trainer = instructor) Very often used in games. Helps the player to complete the game. Also used in programs to help the user understand the program.
Trend- a graph showing a trend.
Trojan- a malicious program that quietly hides in the computer and may someday perform some harmful action. The Trojan horse is triggered by certain actions, periodically, on certain dates or upon request. An action is usually the transfer of information to another computer over a network (the Internet).
UPNR- US Advanced Research Projects Authority, see ARPA.
Utility- an auxiliary program that performs some action, for example, an archiver, an image viewer, a disk check utility, etc. The Windows operating system contains many utilities.
Firewall- (from the English firewall = wall of fire). This is a program that protects your computer from uninvited guests while you are on the Internet. Now the best firewalls are Agnitum Outpost Firewall, AtGuard, Zone Alarm and others.
File- a named piece of information on a disk that has a name by which it can be accessed. All information on the disk is stored in the form of files. Derived from the English file - folder. Now folders are called directories, i.e. groups of files.
FIDO is a free analogue of the Internet that is extremely popular. This network originated a long time ago when modems were 2400 bytes per second. were immensely steep, and the network as such was harassed by telephone operators to the users beyond measure :).
Fidoshnik- a person who uses the services of the FIDO network (see FIDO).
Physical structure of the site— a layout of physical files by subdirectory of the folder in which the site is located.
Fixed color palette— see ‘Indexed colors’.
Feature— There is something unusual in the program, the operating system. For example, Easter eggs in Windows are a feature or feature.
Flame is a process that sometimes occurs when communicating on the Internet, a ‘verbal war’. This is an unexpectedly heated discussion, during which participants usually forget about the original topic, get personal and cannot stop. Typically, flames arise spontaneously, develop very quickly and end only with the intervention of a moderator or when all participants are completely tired. This is the same type of dispute in which the truth is not born - at the end of the flame, all the disputants feel uncomfortable and the flame does not give any constructive result. If it happens that you become an involuntary participant in a flame, the most reasonable behavior in this situation is to express your position once as clearly, constructively and kindly as possible, and not enter into the discussion again. Then it will most likely go out on its own. If you try to prove that ‘you are not a camel’, the flame will only get hotter and your position and image will only worsen.
Flop- floppy disk, floppy disk, from the English floppy. It came from programmers.
Form is a special HTML object used to transfer data from an HTML document to interactive website elements, such as CGI scripts.
Format— a method of storing and presenting information. There are file formats and field formats. There are the following file formats: graphic (BMP, JPG, GIF), music (WAV, MP3, MIDI), text (TXT, DOC), databases (MDB, DBF), Internet pages (HTML) and others.
Forum- a means of communication between people, when everyone’s messages are posted on a common bulletin board. Messages are usually requests or detailed answers to questions. There is a lot of useful information in the forums.
Photo- photo, came from chats.
Graphics fragmenter is a special utility that allows you to divide a graphic image into several independent sections.
Frames- a method of organizing the structure of a site, in which a web page is divided into a number of components and ‘assembled’ in the main browser window from several separate or sub-windows.
Fekha— from File-Echo. This term comes from Fido and means ‘conference’.
Hub- this is a device in the form of a box with light bulbs, from which wires come out that go to the network cards of computers connected to the network (you might have seen it in computer clubs).
Hacker- a person who hacks a computer system for the purpose of the hacking process itself, in order to find weak, vulnerable spots, and receives satisfaction from the hacking process itself. A hacker is a network vampire, he drinks the blood of networks - information. Not to be confused with a cracker, which hacks a system for criminal purposes: stealing information, compromising, ransoming. Usually confused. The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation contains articles that provide for punishment for hacking and writing viruses: up to 7 years in prison.
Hard- iron, hard. Hardware, computer equipment, as opposed to software - programs.
Help- help, help, help. Needed by those users who have not yet mastered the system. Usually called by the F1 key or through the menu. Help can be general and context-sensitive. In the latter case, the program immediately shows you the required help section based on your last actions and the current situation. General help shows the contents of all help, organized by sections and in the form of hypertext (links to other sections).
Hit— (from the English hit = click) one visit (opening in a browser) of any page of a website.
Hamster— see ‘Home page’.
Host— any computer connected to the Internet, regardless of its purpose.
Hosting- watch 'Web hosting'.
Kettle- a category of users who do not understand programs. Like 'lamer'. A novice user who gets confused with the keys.
Charset— hard installation of custom encoding of an HTML document with a special META qualifier (see META qualifiers).
Chatlan— chat participants.
Worm- a malicious program that multiplies and fills the computer’s memory, thereby interfering with work.
Web page template- an html document containing an invisible table, header, all graphic objects and navigation elements, that is, almost everything, except for the immediate information content.
Gateway- a program with which you can transfer information between two local networks using different data exchange protocols (see Protocol).
Executor— a file with the EXE extension (see: extension, format). These files store programs that can be run. Such files may contain viruses, so it is better not to run unfamiliar files or scan them with an antivirus before launching (see: virus, antivirus, Trojan horse, worm).
Screen forms- these are windows that appear on the screen to carry out a dialogue with the user: message about an event, enter information:
Excel— Excel, a program that allows you to work with spreadsheets. In such a table, cells can contain text, numbers, and formulas that refer to other cells. Formulas can be mathematical, statistical, search and any other. All formulas are quickly recalculated.
Access— Access, a DBMS from Microsoft as part of MS Office. Allows you to work with simple and small databases. Allows some networking capabilities.
Explorer- program, browser from Microsoft. Program for working on the Internet.
Email- a channel for transmitting text messages and attached files between two computers connected to the Internet.
User- from English ‘use’ (use) - a category of computer users who work with programs, but do not write them. Advanced users do a little programming.
Unix is an operating system used primarily on servers.
Yandex- a popular search engine on the RuNet.
YAP- programming languages in which all programs are written. There are high-level languages: BASIC, Pascal, C and low-level: Assembly. A program from any programming language is translated into machine language that a specific processor understands. The program can only be translated back into assembler, because there is a direct correspondence between assembler and machine codes (see Disassembler).
ADPCM— Addptive Differential Pulse Code Modulationb adaptive differential (difference) pulse-code modulation (ADCM). Audio coding standard adopted by ITU-TS. Describes the technology of converting an analog signal and a digital format that takes up less space in computer memory than conventional PCM, used, for example, by audio CDs. It is used in Sony mini-discs, as well as in CD-ROMs, which contain images and other data in addition to sound.
Aka- from English ‘Also-Known-As’, which means ‘Also-Known-As’. Used if a node has two or more different addresses, if a person has pseudonyms, etc.: Ivan Petrov aka Terminator. Used in letters as an abbreviation.
Apache- one of the implementations of http servers intended for use under the UNIX operating system. The program is a virtual server that you can install on your computer and with its help you can simulate a real Internet server.
ARPA- Advanced Research Project Agency, US Advanced Scientific Research Projects Agency.
ARPAnet- the first computer network to use the IP protocol for data transmission.
A.S.P.— Active Server Pages (active server pages), a technology similar to JavaScript and PHP (see PHP). In order to make a web page interactive using ASP technology, it is necessary to embed into its code an appropriate script written in a macro language vaguely reminiscent of Java and C (see Script).
BASIC- Beginners All-purpose Simbolic Instruction Code (symbolic universal programming language for beginners) 'basic', 'basic' programming language for beginners and professionals. Invented in 1962 J. Kemeny and T. Kurtz, Dartmouth College, USA. Later it had many modifications.
bps— bit per secund, a unit of measurement of communication speed between two computers, determined by the number of bits of transmitted information per second.
BSD— Berkeley Software Distribution, a term used to describe the various versions of the Berkeley UNIX operating system (for example, 4.3BSD UNIX).
BUGS- errors, defects. According to legend, the vacuum tubes of large and ancient computers often burned out due to moths flying into the light and heat, and the machine failed.
CallBack- literally: callback. Those. If you use this function from your provider, then the provider itself will call you and connect to your modem. Used if the provider is very often busy.
CGI— Common Gateway Interface, a technology that involves the use of interactive elements within an Internet resource based on applications that ensure the transfer of data flow from object to object.
Coax at a home- technology for organizing a remote connection, involves gaining access to the Internet using channels of a cable television network.
Cookies— This is confidential information regarding your IP, your settings on a particular site. On the one hand, this is very convenient, because, for example, you don’t have to constantly enter a password on your provider’s website. However, these cookies can be used for bad purposes.
Сooler— There are coolers that cool the processor, power supply and other devices: graphics accelerator, etc. That is, a computer can have several coolers (usually two).
CPU- computer central processing unit.
CSLIP- data transfer protocol, is a modification of SLIP, significantly improves speed thanks to the universal algorithm for compressing IP packet headers (see Protocol, IP, SLIP).
CSS— Cascading Style Sheets (cascading style sheets) is a technology thanks to which, using a special macro language, you can rigidly set the formatting of a web page once.
CTR— Click/Through Ratio, a unit of measurement of the effectiveness of an advertising banner, defined as the ratio of the number of clicks on the banner to the number of its impressions.
DHTML— Dynamic Hyper Text Markup Language (dynamic hypertext markup language), an extension of the HTML language that allows you to create web pages with such interactive elements as a moving background located under static document content, moving objects, drop-down menus, buttons that highlight when you hover over the cursor mice, animation, rolling titles and much more.
dial-up— communication with an Internet service provider via dial-up telephone channels using a modem.
DNS— Domain Name System, domain name system, a standard for recording Internet addresses in the form of a multi-level domain structure (see Domain).
DNS servers- programs that, when accessed, look for the desired IP address using the entered URL (see IP, URL).
DOS— watch MS DOS.
Download— the process of copying files from a remote network computer (server) to the calling computer (client). In common technical jargon, this procedure is sometimes called ‘downloading’.
Drag&Drop- Pronounced 'Drag'n'Drop'. This is a kind of Windows technology that allows you to take elements and move them. The literal translation is ‘take it and throw it’. For example, you use this technology when dragging and dropping icons on your desktop.
DSP— Digital Signal Processing, digital signal processing. Converting signals from various sound sources into digitized form and processing them using certain algorithms (using programming).
Enter- 'enter', a key on the keyboard. Confirms the input of information, launches the program, moves the cursor to a new line, etc.
Error— ‘error’, an erroneous situation in a program or hardware.
ESC, Escape— key on the keyboard ‘to escape’, ‘to run away’. Cancels an action, goes back, closes a window.
Escape sequence is a set of notations that display the characters reserved to represent elements of HTML code.
Ethernet- a standard for organizing local area networks (LANs), described in the specifications of the IEEE and other organizations. IEEE 802.3. Ethernet uses a 10 Mbps bandwidth and a CSMA/CD media access method. The most popular implementation of Ethernet is 10Base-T. A development of Ethernet technology is Fast Ethernet (100 Mbit/s).
FidoNet- a non-commercial postal network using a line-switched communication algorithm (see FIDO).
Firewall— watch Firewall.
Flash- a technology for creating high-quality interactive animation that can be presented on a web page with a relatively small final file size (the standard was developed by Macromedia in 1996).
FPS- This is an abbreviation for the English ‘Frame Per Second’ - i.e. ‘number of frames per second’. Most often this abbreviation is used when talking about games. The higher the FPS, the better.
FTP— File Transfer Protocol, protocol for transferring files over the network. There are thousands of places on the Internet that support this method. Sometimes the only way to have a file is to use the FTP protocol (see Protocol).
FTP client is an application designed to upload files to a remote server using the FTP protocol (see FTP).
GIF— Graphic Interchange Format, a graphic format that uses the LZW lossy data compression algorithm and operates with an indexed color table. Mainly used for displaying business graphics (see LZW).
GIF animation- one of the ways to present moving images on the Internet.
GSM- Global System for Mobile Communication, global systems for mobile communications (GSM) GSM. Digital standard for mobile communication devices. The use of digital signal coding allows you to avoid interference and ensure confidentiality of negotiations. Among the main advantages is automatic roaming. Main disadvantages: it requires a larger number of base stations than other standards, subscriber capacity and a data transfer rate of less than 9.6 kbit/s.
HARD— computer hardware, its physical embodiment (processor, hard drive, memory).
HDD- hard disk drive, watch 'Winchester'.
Home— directory name in UNIX-compatible operating systems; used on web servers, designed to host user files.
HTML- Hyper Text Markup Language, a language used to create documents on the Internet.
HTML document- a file containing HTML code.
HTTP- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol, hypertext transfer protocol.
Hyperlink- a basic functional element of HTML documents, which represents the implementation of a dynamic connection of any object of a given web page with the contextual content of another document or file object.
IBM- International Business Machines Corporation, a computer company founded in 1924 by Herman Hollerith. Mainly produces computers and equipment, but also produces software. Producer of the chess program Deep Blue, which beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov in a series of matches. In addition, IBM came up with the principle of open architecture, when computers can be assembled like children's construction sets. IBM PC computers have become the standard for personal computers in general.
ICMP— Internet Control Message Protocol, one of the data routing protocols.
ICQ- a communication program for the Internet that allows you to exchange short messages (analogous to a pager), as well as send files, photos, etc. One of the means of communication on the Internet.
ID- see 'Identifier'.
IMHO— In my humble opinion, in my humble opinion.
Interlace— the ability of graphic files of some formats (in particular, GIF) during the loading process to be displayed on the monitor screen in the form of sequentially drawn non-adjacent lines of pixels that make up the image.
Internet Information Server- one of the implementations of http servers intended for use under the Windows NT operating system.
Internet Service Provider- a company that has a special license and provides individuals and organizations with Internet access for a fee using the resources of its own server or local network.
Internic- an organization that manages the distribution of first-level domains (see Domain, DNS).
IP— Internet Protocol (IP), a universal cross-platform standard that allows you to connect heterogeneous computers running different operating systems into a network. This protocol provides a direct connection to the Internet.
IP address— Internet host address, consists of four ten-digit identifiers or octets (one byte each), separated by a dot.
ISO— Organization for International Standardization, International Organization for Standardization.
ISO-8859-5— one of the common Cyrillic encodings (see Encoding); developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO) and used primarily in UNIX-compatible operating systems.
ISDN- an international standard developed by the ITU-T committee. Allows you to transmit data, as well as digitized video images and speech, over a single digital network.
Java— a programming language that allows you to develop applications for use in web resources. The Java module is not integrated into the page that uses it, but exists as a stand-alone application with a .class extension called an 'applet'. In this case, the applet is also called from the HTML file by the corresponding command, is not loaded and launched for execution as a separate program, in the background.
JavaScript is a programming language that is an add-on to the HTML standard. Significantly expands the capabilities of a document created in this format. The module, written in JavaScript, is integrated into the HTML file as a subroutine. Called for execution from the corresponding line of HTML code by a standard command. May exist as a separate file.
JPEG— Join Photographic Experts Group, a graphics standard created based on the lossy image compression algorithm of the same name. Encodes the interpixel intervals of a pattern.
Keyboard- computer keyboard, main pointing device for PC
KOI8— eight-bit information exchange code, Cyrillic encoding (see Encoding), corresponding to the GOST 19768-74 standard.
LAB— a color image of an image, in which the pattern is presented in the form of three independent data arrays (channels) that determine the intensity and color content of different areas of the image.
Linux is a free implementation of an operating system based on the UNIX architecture. Developed by Linus Torvalds. Often used as the base operating system on web servers.
Lisp- an algorithmic language focused on list processing (from LISt Processing). It is a function language. A Lisp program is a recursive function of symbolic expressions, which is built from elementary functions using a conditional operator and a superposition operator. Data processing comes down to combining, dividing and regrouping information. Developed by J. McCarthy in 1960. It is widely used in programming artificial intelligence systems.
LOL- Laughing Out Loud, ‘laughing out loud’. An abbreviation used when corresponding by email (e-mail), in teleconferences (Use-net) or in chat (Chat).
LZW is a data compression algorithm used in a number of graphic formats. Developed in 1978.
Macintosh CP— Cyrillic encoding (see Encoding), intended for use on Apple Macintosh personal computers equipped with the MacOS operating system.
MacOS- operating system for Macintosh machines.
Flash Player- a special add-on to the browser (plug-in) that allows it to display files of the Macromedia Flash standard.
MainBoard- motherboard.
META Qualifiers— header elements of HTML documents that carry service functions. They do not affect the display of web pages in the browser and cannot change their content in any way.
Microsoft CP 1251— Cyrillic encoding (see Encoding), developed by Microsoft. It is the base encoding in the Microsoft Windows operating system.
Microsoft CP 866— an alternative DOS encoding, Cyrillic encoding (see Encoding), serves as the base encoding in the MS-DOS and OS/2 operating systems.
mp3- music file compression format. It is the most common among other music compression formats.
MS DOS- Microsoft operating system with a command line interface and a black screen. There are DOSs from other companies (for example, PTS-DOS, Dnepropetrovsk).
OSPF— Open Shortest Path First, one of the data routing protocols.
PCI— Protocol Control Information, protocol information added by the OSI entity (Seven-layer hierarchical model developed by the International Committee for Standardization (ISO) to define, specify and communicate network protocols.) to serve data modules passed down from the upper layer. This information, together with the user data, forms the Protocol Data Unit (PDU).
PERL— Practical Extraction and Report Language, one of the interpreted programming languages on which CGI technology is based (see CGI).
PHP is an interpreted language similar to JavaScript. Designed to add elements of interactivity to web pages.
Ping- packet internet groper is a program used to check the availability of the recipient by sending it a special signal (ICMP echo request - ICMP response request) and waiting for a response. The term is used as a verb: ‘Ping host X to see if it is up!’
Plug&play- technology for connecting computer equipment to the computer itself. The literal translation is ‘plug and play’. Now used by all computer hardware manufacturers.
PNG— Portable Network Graphics, a graphics format developed in the mid-nineties and intended for presenting graphic images on the Internet.
POP3- a protocol designed for transmitting messages via email.
PPP- an improved version of a network protocol similar to SLIP (see SLIP).
Quoting— watch Quoting.
RESET- a button on the computer case that causes it to completely reboot. The so-called ‘cold boot’. There is also a warm reboot (partial), starting from some intermediate boot stage.
RGB— Red, Green, Blue, a three-color palette used to display color images on a computer screen.
R.I.P.— Routing Internet Protocol, one of the data routing protocols.
robots.txt— a file that defines the rules for indexing pages by search servers.
root account— a logical account in the server database that allows the user to work with the server computer with administrator rights.
RTFM— Read The File Manual, Read the instructions...
SDH— Synchronous Digital Hierarchy, synchronous digital transmission hierarchy (ISTS), synchronous digital hierarchy. The European standard for fiber optics (Fiber Optics) for data transmission (Data) in distributed networks is a hierarchy of digital (Digital) transmission that provides means for managing the multiplexing and access of various forms of digital traffic using a synchronous transmission format over various types of media. The format is based on the synchronous transmission transport module defined by CCITT recommendations G.703, G.709, G.798 and others. The first level in the hierarchy of synchronous digital transmission is 155.52 Mbit/s. Gradually replacing PDH plesiochronous digital hierarchy technology.
SHELL— a basic element of the operating system that determines the interpretation of user commands and actions.
SITE- an Internet resource that, unlike a server, does not have a dedicated server program. As a rule, a site is an integrated part of the server, a directory on the server computer, even though most sites have their own domain name.
SLIP— Serial Line Internet Protocol, a network protocol that allows you to use a regular telephone line and modem for direct access to the Internet. Requires special software and works in conjunction with the TCP/IP protocol as a lower-level protocol (see Protocol).
SMTP— Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, a protocol designed for transmitting messages via email.
Splash- an html document that does not contain any meaningful information and navigation elements. It is displayed first in the window when accessing the site. As a rule, splash includes the logo of the company that owns the resource, a menu for selecting an encoding, or a menu for choosing between the Russian and English versions of the site.
SQL— a query language for relational (tabular, as opposed to hierarchical and network) databases, which allows you to obtain the necessary information from the database or perform some action.
SSH— Secure Shell, a type of terminal access to a server computer using Telnet technology, characterized by a greater degree of security of the communication session (see Telnet).
SSI— Server Side Includes, a technology closely intertwined with CGI technology. Using a macro language reminiscent of C, SSI allows you to implement such features as displaying text in a document depending on previously defined conditions or according to a given algorithm, generating an HTML file from dynamically changing fragments, or embedding the result of CGI work in any part of the document HTML.
SUBJ- subject. Very often used in postal correspondence.
TCP— Transmission Control Protocol, a protocol that controls the transfer of information. Relies on the capabilities of the IP protocol.
Telnet— a mechanism for remote administrative access to the server computer.
Tip- a hint in some program, for example, in MS Office...
Traffic— flow of messages or volume of information transmitted. Typically measured in kilobytes (MB, etc.). Second value: the number of visitors to a website or any of its pages per unit of time (day, month, year). Sometimes traffic is understood not as the number of visitors, but as the number of hits per unit of time.
Trainer— watch Trainer.
Transparency— the ability of graphic files of some formats (in particular, GIF) to include a so-called alpha channel in the image, which allows you to make the background of the image transparent (see Alpha channel).
UDP— User Datagram Protocol, a data transfer protocol, is used on slow lines and implements data transmission in the form of datagrams (see Datagram).
UNIX is one of the most common server operating systems on the Internet.
Unicode— universal Cyrillic encoding. Created with the goal of combining all existing national encodings into one.
Upgrade— watch ‘Upgrade’.
Upload— the process of downloading files to a remote computer.
UPS— an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), protects the computer from failures in the electrical network and from unexpected power outages. It is a rechargeable battery, designed to operate from 10 minutes to several hours when the main (220 volt) mains voltage is turned off.
URL— Uniform Resource Locator, a form of recording the address of a particular Internet resource.
UUCP- Unix-to-Unix CoPy, data transfer protocol. Designed for exchanging files between two computers. Using this type of access, you can receive and send email and, as a variation of the latter, news from the corresponding servers. Used on computers running the UNIX operating system.
VAS— Voice Activated System, voice control: a system for automatically turning on a function (for example, a tape recorder to record or a radio station to broadcast) at the beginning of the speaker’s phrase.
VBScript— Visual BASIC Script, one of the implementations of the Basic language, embedded in an HTML document to include interactive elements in web pages.
Vendor- a wholesale company offering goods.
VIRUS- a program that reproduces itself and thereby spreads (infects other programs and documents), assigns itself to them. Usually produces harmful actions, interferes with work, destroys, and distorts data.
Web animation— watch GIF animation and Flash.
Web design— the process of creating a web page.
Webmaster- a specialist developing the content of a future Internet resource.
Web hosting— placement of web pages on the Internet on rented disk space of a server.
Windows is a very common operating system from Microsoft.
Word is a computer program from Microsoft. A very common, powerful text editor.
WWW— World Wide Web, the World Wide Web, the most saturated segment of the Internet.
WWW-alias- a short standard URL address assigned by special servers to a page or site with a longer address of the same format.
WYSIWYG— What You See Is What You Get, a class of visual HTML editors that automatically generate HTML code in parallel with the user creating a web page on the monitor screen from standard elements.
W3C— World Wide Wed Consortium, HTML standard development company.
XHTML- Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (extensible hypertext markup language), an intermediate option between the XML and HTML 4.0 standards.
XML— Extensible Markup Language (extensible markup language), a fundamentally new standard proposed in 2000 by the creator of the HTML language, the World Wide Web Consortium (see W3C).
This dictionary does not claim to be the most complete, but it gives the average user an idea of the meaning of some expressions found on the Internet. Dictionary of expressions on the web is growing every day, and is already more like a separate language than slang.
A vatar - a picture with an image in the user’s profile, not necessarily a photograph.
Upgrade - modernization, improvement of the technical characteristics of a computer by replacing outdated parts.
ICQ is a program for communicating on the Internet by exchanging quick messages icq.
Author - author of the publication
B agi - identified errors, shortcomings in programs and games. They are used by players (baggers) to gain an advantage over other less knowledgeable players in online games.
Ban - a prohibition, a restriction for violating established rules. Widely used in chats and forums.
Backup is a copy saved for the purpose of subsequent recovery in case of failures or data loss.
Boyan is an old, well-known and long-forgotten joke.
Broken - non-working. The downloaded file may be broken, or the link may not be working.
IN arez is a hacked licensed program.
Wiki is the world famous Internet encyclopedia Wikipedia.
Winchester, also known as a screw, is a hard drive.
Twisted pair - a network cable designed for pulling the Internet and local networks.
A crash is a spontaneous closure of a program due to existing bugs.
G ectar - gigabyte of information.
A glitch is an unexpected software failure.
Rodent is a computer mouse.
Guru is a revered person on a forum.
D Default - installed by default, that is, automatically.
Firewood drivers.
AND Iron is the filling of the system unit.
Z adrot is a person who is passionate about something.
Animals are viruses.
A mirror is an auxiliary, exact copy of a site, created to reduce the load on the server.
AND shak is Microsoft's default IE browser.
TO Amen is a computer processor.
Klava is a computer keyboard.
Keygen is a key generator for activating licensed programs.
Kemper is a low-active player in online games.
Config - computer configuration.
Smoke - read, you can smoke the Google manual and Wikipedia.
L Amer is a teapot who does not consider himself a teapot.
Lapot - laptop or netbook, derived from the English laptop.
The noodle is an ordinary two-wire telephone wire.
Medicine is a file that turns a paid program into a free one.
Fox - Firefox internet browser.
Leecher is a user who gives away less than he downloads, an expression used by users of peer-to-peer networks and torrent trackers.
M manual - instructions for use.
Mother - motherboard.
The machine is a computer.
Finely soft - Microsoft company.
Meter is megabyte.
Monique is the monitor.
Muzzle - the main page of the site.
Soap - email.
N ik is a fictitious online name.
Noob is an ungrateful lamer.
ABOUT kna - Windows operating system.
Opsos is a mobile operator.
The axis is the operating system.
Rollback is the return of the system to a previous stable state.
P patch is a file that makes corrections and additions to previously released software.
Peer is a client that participates in distributing a torrent, but does not have all parts of the file.
Penek - Pentium processor
Plank - RAM chip.
Plato is Yandex support.
WITH etka - computer local network.
Seed - (seeder) a person who has all parts of the file, usually the seeder is the initial distributor of the torrent, or one who has already downloaded and remains for distribution.
Software - software.
Spam is inappropriate advertising, usually spam is used in mailings.
Speaker is a small computer speaker that produces system sounds.
Dog - @ email icon.
Wall - firewall, firewall, serves for additional protection against viruses and intruders.
Support - user support service.
T tablet - software treatment for greed.
Traffic is data transmitted and received via the Internet.
Trolling is the posting of provocative messages with the aim of causing conflict between participants in a forum or chat. People posting such messages are called trolls.
U utility, a utility program designed to make life easier for the user.
F x - making corrections to the software for stable operation.
Window makers are the creators of Windows.
Flood is a meaningless repetition of text and symbols.
X ab - network switch, also known as switch.
hack - hacking something.
Hard - computer hard drive.
Hatzker is a would-be burglar.
Piggy - Windows XP.
HаВо - frequently asked questions.
Sh akhta - pocket for CD DVD drive.
YU zer - user.
I sha - Yandex search engine.
“The smartest” - What are the special commands of the HTML language called? Which banks are created only by programmers? What statement ends a program in a programming language? What is the name of a computer that provides its resources to other computers when working together? What sign functions as a multiplication sign in most programming languages?
“Informatics Games” - INSERT ESCAPE END PAGE UP ENTER HOME. K. Bon voyage! M. "Keyboard". R. A. DELETE, BLACKSPACE. E. Game “travel to the country of computer science.” I.S.H.N.Yu. Station 2. "Erudites". P. Station 1.
“Game” - Invite players from the network. For each win or draw a certain number of points are awarded. Can be played with: With a computer. Can be played with: With a computer (1 or more computer players). Brief description of the game III. The presentation was compiled by the company. "Tuning" options. Option I “Flying sombreros”.
“Logic games” - Where is the logic here? Search for materials about the first uses of logical elements Design of presentations and booklets. Group of practitioners. In everyday life: In mathematics: In literature: In computer science: Why do we need knowledge of logic? At the stop, 5 people got off and 3 people got on. What do we know about logic?
"Games for schoolchildren" - Arcade games. Non-role-playing computer games. 5. Role-playing games. 2. COMPUTER GAMES and VIRTUAL REALITY. Role-playing computer games. Minuses??? Our classification: Rating of games 2008:
“Game of Life” - Implementation and study of the game “Life” in a spreadsheet environment (MS Ecxel). Fig. 1 “Flasher”. An attempt to create a hypothetical machine that can reproduce itself. The population in our game is called a square (minimum size 3*3 cells). Sciences influenced by the development of the game "Life". Speaker: Posevina A.D. Nomination: mathematics.