Computer mouse

Computer mouse(mouse, mouse) is a mechanical manipulator that transforms mouse movements, with the help of which we can control actions on the computer (put the mouse cursor in the right place, scroll the page, open and close folders, programs, draw.. and much more). We move the mouse along the plane, thereby transmitting information to the computer. The first computer mouse appeared in 1968 and since then, of course, has changed, although the principle remains the same.

Buttons are the main mouse controls used to perform basic manipulations: selecting an object (by clicking), active movement (that is, moving with a button pressed, for drawing or marking the beginning and end of a segment on the screen, which can be interpreted as the diagonal of a rectangle, the diameter of a circle, the starting and ending point when moving an object, selecting text, etc.).

The first thing you need to learn is to click the mouse button correctly. There are only two types of "clicking". Quick single click and double click. In the first case (one click), you can select the desired object that you are pointing at with the mouse cursor, or activate a menu with it.

Double-click to open a document or launch the desired program.

In laptops, as a rule, instead of a mouse, you can use a touchpad, which we will talk about in the next lesson.

A mouse has one or more buttons, wheels, or joysticks, the action of which is usually related to the current position of the cursor. Some mouse models also have built-in watches, calculators, and phones. But we will only consider an ordinary mouse that has buttons and a wheel. Let's talk about them.

How to use the mouse

Left mouse button

It is considered the main one, since it is used the most. What can she do:

Right mouse button

If you press right click mouse on any object will appear context menu, in which you can select any action. Let's say, on the same desktop, if you hover the mouse over the icon and right-click, the following menu will appear:

Mouse wheel

Why do you need a mouse wheel? Using this wheel you can scroll through a document or page, adjust the sound and much more, depending on what program you are currently working in.

In principle, you can change the functions of the buttons yourself. To do this, go to the "Control Panel" ( Start -> Control Panel). There go to the section Sound and equipment, further to the section Mouse: Change key settings.

Advantages and disadvantages of the mouse

Advantages:

• Very low price(compared to other devices like touch screens);
• The mouse is suitable for long-term use. In the early days of multimedia, filmmakers liked to show computers of the “future” with a touch interface, but in reality this method of input is quite tedious, since you have to hold your hands in the air;
• High accuracy of cursor positioning. With the mouse (with the exception of some “unsuccessful” models) it is easy to hit the desired pixel on the screen;
• The mouse allows for many different manipulations - double and triple clicks, dragging, gestures, pressing one button while dragging another, etc. Therefore, you can concentrate in one hand a large number of controls - multi-button mice allow you to control, for example, a browser without using the keyboard at all.

Flaws

• Suspected danger of carpal tunnel syndrome;
• For work, a flat, smooth surface of sufficient size is required (with the possible exception of gyroscopic mice);
• Instability to vibrations. For this reason, the mouse is practically not used in military devices. The trackball requires less space to operate and does not require moving your hand, cannot get lost, has greater resistance to external influences, more reliable.

Ways to grip a mouse

Players recognize three main ways to grip the mouse.

• With your fingers. Fingers lie flat on the buttons, top part palm rests on the “heel” of the mouse. The lower part of the palm is on the table. The advantage is precise mouse movements.
• Claw-shaped. The fingers are bent and only the tips touch the buttons. The “heel” of the mouse is in the center of the palm. The advantage is the convenience of clicks.
• Palm. The entire palm rests on the mouse, the “heel” of the mouse, as in a claw grip, rests against the center of the palm. The grip is more suitable for the sweeping movements of shooters.

Office mice (with the exception of small laptop mice) are usually equally suitable for all grip styles. Gaming mice, as a rule, are optimized for one grip or another - therefore, when buying an expensive mouse, it is recommended to “try on” the mouse for your grip method.

What types of mice are there for computers?

In an era when computers were huge iron boxes, and monitors exceeded the size and weight of these computers themselves, mice had a ball that constantly got dirty, slowed down, and in some cases, simply fell out and was lost.

But ball mice were soon replaced by their optical relatives. Representatives of this new genus completely lack a metal ball. Instead, a miniature camera is used. Optical mice are becoming lighter, more maneuverable, more convenient, more versatile and function perfectly on any surface.

But progress did not stand still, and very soon laser mice appeared on the market, in which the camera was replaced with a laser and the mouse moves perfectly, even if you work at a glass table or on a difficult surface. Laser mice differ in lower power consumption, but their cost is slightly higher than their optical predecessors.

The mice also differ in design. When it seemed there was nowhere to develop in functionality, manufacturers began to refine themselves in beauty. There are now ergonomic mice that fit your hand, mice with different textures, mice with multi-colored or single-color backlighting, different colors, different sizes.

Children's mice in the shape of various animals deserve special attention: tiger cubs, bunnies, bear cubs. But all of them, as a rule, are not very good good quality, since they are designed for children, and they don’t need any additional functions, like double clicking one button or speed modes...

Which mouse to choose?

Currently, all mouse models are primarily divided into wired and wireless. If you don’t want to think about periodically replacing batteries and use a special computer desk, then you will be quite happy with the option with a wire. If you are purchasing a mouse for a laptop or simply do not like wires, then, of course, the wireless option is more suitable for you. Many people believe that wireless mice are inferior in accuracy to wired ones due to the unreliability of radio signals, but if this was ever true, it is already in the past. Today, all mice work reliably, provided that they are not the cheapest mice from unknown manufacturers. By the way, if you are looking for a device for a laptop, then you should pay attention to mice specially made for such purposes. They are usually smaller in size, and wired options allow you to twist the wire into a special “snail” for ease of transportation.

By the way, for gamers the most ideal option would be wired mouse, because the speed of action and lightning-fast reaction to mouse actions computer mouse A4Tech X7 is needed primarily in games where fractions of seconds decide everything. Moreover, wireless mice, as a rule, are much heavier in weight than wired ones, due to the batteries installed in them, and this, naturally, leads to the fact that the hand gets tired from prolonged use. But wireless computer mice have undeniable advantage Compared to wired ones, this means the absence of wires and greater freedom of action for the user. After all, it can be used at a distance of up to several meters from the computer, which in some situations can be very important.

The batteries (batteries) in the wireless computer mouse can be recharged different ways: using special charger(for recharging finger batteries) or by installing it in a special “socket” of the base (if you purchased this option computer mouse with base). Both wired and wireless options today are mainly connected via a USB port, and sometimes in addition are equipped with adapters for PS/2.

Optical or laser computer mouse - which is better?

Next important point. There are two main types of mice. Optical and laser. No, of course, there are still mechanical ones (ball ones), but you need to go to the nearest museum to get them, so we won’t talk about them. Laser computer mouse Optical mice are very reliable because they have no moving elements. Instead, an optoelectronic sensor is used, consisting of an LED that emits a light signal on the surface on which the mouse is located, and a reflected signal receiver that calculates the position and movement of the mouse, and then transmits this data to the cursor to move it on the monitor screen. Optical mice work on almost any surface, with the exception of glass and mirrors.

The same is true for laser models. An important parameter optical mice are sensitivity and resolution. It is usually measured in dots per inch and the higher the value, the more accurate the mouse. For example, the sensitivity of modern optical mice ranges from 400 to 4000 dots per inch (dpi). Today almost any optical mouse in terms of accuracy it will satisfy any ordinary user.

The operating principle of a laser mouse is no different from an optical one, but thanks to the use of a laser, its accuracy increases significantly. Such models are perfect for those who deal computer graphics, draws on the computer and, of course, for gamers. As for the latter, there are also special mice for them with additional keys, which can often be customized to suit your needs, which is incredibly convenient in games, especially shooters, where seconds matter everything. It is also important that in many models computer mice It is possible to change the resolution by simply pressing the corresponding button on its body. This makes it quite easy to select a comfortable speed for moving the cursor on the monitor screen.

Unlike optical mice, laser computer mice can work on absolutely any surface, even glass, polished and varnished. The ideal choice here would be the Razer Imperator laser mouse, which also has a resolution of 5600 dpi.

In conclusion, a little about the manufacturers. Traditionally, mice from companies such as Logitech and Microsoft are considered excellent. A4Tech products have quite decent characteristics. And gamers will definitely be satisfied with Razer's products. However, you will have to pay a little extra for quality.

In a word, choose a computer mouse individually for yourself, evaluating all the pros and cons. When purchasing, do not hesitate to try it on your hand, and the better and more comfortable it fits, the more convenient and comfortable it will be for you to work with it.

Unusual mice

Inflatable computer mouse

It would seem that such a small gadget as a computer mouse, how could it be even more compact? It turns out it can. This is what the designers and inventors of the world’s only inflatable mouse, Jelly Click, have proven. All the necessary electronics are hidden in a flexible case, and the manipulator itself is made of soft silicone. At rest, the mouse resembles a thick plastic bag and takes up virtually no space in your bag. To work, Jelly Click simply needs to be inflated like a balloon.

Flexible computer mice

An unusual mouse was invented by Microsoft Corporation. Their concept is called Le Arc Touch Mouse, and was announced as a compact and flexible manipulator with a touch panel. This mouse can be easily bent, adjusting the appropriate height so that your hand is comfortable and does not bother you with wrist pain. And the mentioned Touchpad replaces the traditional wheel and that very middle button, which can be configured for any action. If desired, this can be a double click, opening a link in a new tab, or automatically opening a new window.

Curved computer mouse

When working with a laptop outside the home or office, you often have to move the mouse not on smooth horizontal planes, but on whatever you have to. The “whatever you have” is mainly your own leg or the armrest of a chair. Therefore, the body of the innovative mouse should be made concave/convex, adapting it to such non-standard surfaces. This idea formed the basis for the development of the Arc Mouse concept, an original computer mouse from Korean designers.

A computer mouse is designed to interact with objects on the monitor screen, and with its help we can move objects from one place to another, almost the same way we do in the ordinary world. You can click and move your mouse to open, change, and move objects in your computer environment.

Main settings

A standard mouse has two buttons: a primary button (left) and a secondary button (right). Most often, when working at a computer, the main button (left) is used. Most mice have a scroll wheel located between the buttons. The scroll wheel makes it easier to view “long” documents and web pages, allowing you to scroll the page both vertically and horizontally.

On some mice, the scroll wheel can be pressed and used as a third button. Many modern mice, especially gaming mice, may have additional programmable buttons to perform specific tasks.

Using the mouse

If you're picking up a mouse for the first time, your hand will initially make jerky movements, causing the pointer on the screen to move unpredictably. This is a normal phenomenon at the initial stage of learning to work with a mouse, and anyone who has been trained on a normal desktop computer, I came across this.

In order to quickly master working with a mouse, you need to place the mouse near the keyboard on a clean, flat surface and carefully take it in your hand so that forefinger lay on the main button (left), the middle finger lay on the auxiliary (right) button, and thumb was on the side of the mouse.

To move the mouse, move your hand slowly in any direction, trying to keep the nose of the mouse pointing away from you. The movements should be performed with the hand, not the hand. As you move your hand, the pointer on the screen moves in the same direction. If there is not enough room to move, lift the mouse and move it in the opposite direction.

When moving, try to keep your hand relaxed without bending your wrist, this can protect you from premature hand fatigue and wrist pain.

Signposts

When you work with the mouse, you move the pointer to point it at different objects. In the system, the main mouse pointer has the shape of an arrow. When working with the mouse in other programs, the mouse pointer may take on a different appearance. When working with a text editor, the index takes the form of English capital letter And, while working with web pages, when you hover over a hyperlink, it takes the form of a palm with an extended index finger.

Point, click and drag

There are only three basic mouse actions: pointing, clicking and moving.

Pointing at an object on the screen means moving the mouse so that the pointer appears to be touching the object. When the mouse points at an object, a box and a small tooltip will often appear describing that object.

Most mouse actions involve pointing at an object and pressing one of the buttons. There are only four main ways to use mouse buttons:

1. Click or single click;
2. Double click;
3. Right click;
4. Drag and drop.

Let's look at each of them in more detail.

Click (single click)

Typically, clicking is used to select an element (clicking the main button) or open a menu (clicking the secondary button).

In order to click on an element, move the mouse cursor over it, thereby indicating the object, then press and release the main button (left).

Double click

Typically, double-clicking is used to open items on the desktop or launch programs. For example, to open a folder or document, you need to double-click on the folder or document icon.

To double-click an element, point it on the screen by hovering over it, then quickly, as quickly as possible, double-click it. The click should be made with a minimum delay when pressed. If you cannot click quickly, then it is advisable to practice, otherwise the system will recognize them as two single clicks, and this is a completely different command.

Helpful advice!

If you can't double-click quickly, try changing its speed. This can be done by doing the following:

1. Click the Start button and select Control Panel, Hardware, and Sound. In the dialog box that appears, click the Mouse tab.

Right click

Right-clicking while pointing at an object usually displays a list of available actions for that object. For example, when you hover over and right-click Computer on your desktop, a menu will appear that allows you to various actions above this element.

If you want to perform any action on an element, feel free to right-click and select the desired command in the context menu.

To right-click an element, move the pointer over it to indicate it, then press and release the secondary (right) button.

Drag and drop

Drag and drop is used to move elements from one place to another using the mouse. Drag and drop is most often used to move folders and files, as well as windows and icons on the screen.

To drag an object, you need to select it (hover the mouse pointer over it), then press and hold the main button (left) and while holding down the button, smoothly move the object to the desired location and release the main button.

Using the scroll wheel

The scroll wheel is designed to quickly scroll through documents and web pages. If you need to scroll down the document, turn the wheel towards you, if up, then away from you. If the wheel allows horizontal scrolling (some mice have such a scroll wheel), then the document can be viewed left and right.

Mouse settings

You need to know that the mouse, like any object in the system, has its own property parameters. This means that you can change the settings of the mouse and thereby adjust it to suit you. For example, you can reassign the main mouse button and make it a secondary button (this is very suitable for left-handers) or change the speed double click and so on.

To access mouse options, do the following:

Click the Start button and select Control Panel, Hardware, and Sound. In the dialog box that appears, click the Mouse tab.

Proper positioning of the mouse in your hand helps to avoid pain and damage to the wrist, arms and hands when long work at computer. Here are some tips on how to avoid this:

1. Place the mouse at elbow level. Keep your shoulders relaxed.

2. Do not squeeze or squeeze the mouse, hold it loosely.

3. Move the mouse by moving your hand from your elbow. Try not to bend your wrists from top to bottom and from side to side.

4. To click, lightly press the button, do it without force.

5. Try to keep your fingers relaxed, letting them rest on the mouse buttons. Don't hold your fingers up.

6. If the mouse is not needed for operation, release it.

7. Don’t forget to take short breaks from working at the computer, preferably every 15-20 minutes.

A computer mouse is one of the main computer controls.

With its help, basic manipulations are performed on the computer and in computer programs.

The picture shows the most ordinary and simple computer mouse, consisting of two buttons and a wheel.

Each button and wheel has its own purpose in controlling the computer. In addition to rotating, the wheel can also be pressed as a third button. The wheel click function is only used in certain cases.

If you press and release any of the mouse buttons, you will hear a characteristic sound - a click. The word "click" came to us from in English and means “mouse click”.

A single left-click is used to select objects: files, folders, shortcuts, etc.
A single right-click brings up a context menu.

A double click is two clicks one after the other without delay. If you pause between clicks, it will no longer be a double click, but two single clicks. Double-clicking on a file opens it, and double-clicking on a program leads to its launch.

Double clicking is performed exclusively with the left mouse button. Therefore, if further in the text there is a phrase double click, but it does not indicate which button it was made with, then know that it is ALWAYS the left button by default.

The wheel is used to turn (scroll) documents or web pages on the Internet.
If you move the mouse cursor over any of the objects on the desktop of your computer and click, then this object will be selected and a background will be applied to it.

If you double-click when pointing at an object, the object will either open if it is a file, or launch if it is a program.

If you hover over an object, click on left button mouse and, without releasing it, move the cursor, the object captured by the mouse will move along with it until you release the button.

If you make two clicks on an object with a pause between them, the name of the object can be edited.
By placing the cursor over an object and right-clicking, you will call up a context menu. The contents of this menu will depend on what object or area of ​​the desktop the corresponding click was made on.

Basically, the context menu provides fast access to those commands and tools that are most often used for of this object. Thus, on different objects, the context menu will have completely different content.

The mouse is quite easy to control Windows windows, but first, let's look at what this window consists of.

In the figure you can see the main components of a Windows window.

By clicking on the icons in the window, you can manage the window. You can also switch between windows if you have several open. To do this, simply click on the title bar of the window you are interested in. It will become active. The active window's title bar is highlighted brighter than the others.

You can collapse, expand or close a window by clicking on the corresponding icons located in the title bar of the window (see figure).

You can move a window in the same way as you move desktop icons. To do this, you need to click on the title bar of the window and, without releasing the button, move the window to the location you need.

If you double-click on the title bar of a window, it will expand to full screen if it has been minimized, or will collapse into a window if it has been maximized to full screen. The same can be achieved by clicking the “minimize window” or “maximize” button (see picture) in the title bar.

The “minimize” button minimizes the window to the taskbar.
Listed above are the most basic functions that a computer mouse can perform. But there are many programs in which the mouse performs other functions. But this already depends on the corresponding program.

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Operating systems that were controlled from command line- the once ubiquitous MS DOS, as well as modern Linux, make it possible to not only get by keyboard commands, but even working with much higher speed and comfort than it allows Windows interface built on windows, visual elements control and interaction primarily using the mouse.

Meanwhile, even in the familiar Windows you can work without, and often it is much more convenient. The fact is that almost all elements controlled by the mouse can also accept commands with . Of course, these commands (the so-called “ ”) need to be remembered. But after this, the work speeds up significantly - after all, an experienced user’s fingers instantly find the the desired key, but you still need to hit the control element with the mouse. In addition, this requires your hand to move from its usual place on the keyboard, and then return it there again.

Try to remember the hotkey combinations that you need most often, and you will find that the speed of working on the computer has noticeably increased, and fatigue has become noticeably less.

First of all, switching between open windows: Alt+Tab and Alt+Shift+Tab in reverse. It turns out much faster and more convenient than groping with the mouse for the required window in the taskbar. IN latest versions combinations Win+Tab and Win+Shift+Tab appeared - the same function in 3D version. It looks quite impressive, and the contents of the windows are easier to see. If the special effects don’t appeal to you, try Alt+Esc and Alt+Shift+Esc: the result is the same, only the list of tasks does not obscure the application windows themselves.

To close the active window press Alt+F4. If there are no active windows, Windows will exit.

Here are some lesser-known but equally useful keyboard shortcuts:

Win+E will open a new Explorer window displaying "My"

Win+M will minimize all windows, making the table available

Win+Shift+M, on the contrary, will maximize all windows

But the most useful hotkeys are, of course, when working with when the user’s fingers are on the keyboard.

The most common action required when editing text is highlighting its fragments. Try combinations Shift keys and Ctrl+Shift with left and right arrows. These combinations are very easy to master, and selecting text this way is much more convenient than using the mouse. Combinations of the same keys with the up and down arrows will allow you to select entire lines.

Most frequent actions with highlighted - cut and paste. Ctrl+X can be used to cut a marked block, Ctrl+C to copy, and Ctrl+V to paste. You can simply select using the Del key. These combinations work in any text editor, in many graphic, in Windows Explorer etc.

You can cancel an unsuccessful action using Ctrl+Z or Esc.

Even this small number of hotkeys is already enough to perform simple operations in an emergency - if the mouse suddenly breaks down or does not exist at all. In fact, there are many more of them, and good knowledge of this simple science allows you to increase the efficiency of working at the computer significantly.

Video on the topic

Sources:

• how to use the mouse

Most operations for controlling a computer with the Windows operating system are carried out with the mouse. However, many of them can be done on the keyboard using special combinations buttons and navigation keys.

Instructions

If you have installed operating system Windows 7 or Vista, press the combination Alt keys+ Shift + NumLock. This will enable you to control the cursor from the keyboard. It will ring out sound signal, after which it will be possible to move the cursor using the numeric keypad keys.

Consider numeric keypad. In addition to numbers, the keys have arrows. Using them, you can move the cursor vertically and horizontally. Diagonal movement is carried out using the keys 7 left and up), 1 (left and down), 3 (right and down) and 9 (right and up). Clicking the left mouse button is replaced by pressing the number 5 key.

To increase movement speed, change the appropriate settings. Open Control Panel. Press the combination Alt + Shift + NumLock again. In the window that appears, select “parameters”. On the “Mouse” tab, select click on the settings button and adjust the cursor speed.