What to put in a Linux virtual machine. Virtual machine in ubuntu
Installing Linux Mint in Virtualbox
Today we will talk about installing LinuxMint on a Virtualbox virtual machine. In the last issue I talked about how to install Windows Xp, 7, 8 in Virtualbox
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She is no different from Windows installations Xp so if you decide install LinuxMint OS in Virtualbox, then with my help you will learn how to do this.
If you don’t know what Virtualbox is, then go to the Virualbox section and see from the very beginning what Virtualbox is, why it is needed and how to install it.
First, we need an ISO image; I suggest installing the linuxMint image. For two years now, the distribution has been ranked 1st in the popularity rating due to its simplicity, etc.
Download LinuxMint-17.1-XFCE
We will choose a 32-bit OS. If you need it, then choose 64. I just need a 32-bit OS.
After downloading LinuxMint 17 (I downloaded it to my desktop), you will have a file called linuxmint-16-kde-dvd-32bit.iso- that’s what we need! 
Now let's open our Virtualbox and make some settings. First - Let's create new car
. Set the parameters regarding your configuration. I recommend setting the RAM to at least 1042. Better than 2048. Winchester 8GB and > . 
Now we wait 5-7 minutes while our fixed disk is created. After that, go to the LinuxMint settings, we need to set a couple more settings before installing it on Virtualbox. 
Set in processors - Enable PAE/NX. 
In the graphics, set support for 3D acceleration and put the video in MB as desired. The more, of course, the better. 
Now all that remains is to add the image so that the installation of LinuxMint begins when our machine boots. To do this, go to Media. Where IDE controller, right click, select Add drive optical disks
- Select image, select ISO image our LinuxMint 
If you get something like the one below in the picture, then everything is correct 
Now we launch our just created system 
After appearing, Automatic boot... press Enter and select the first option 
Now we wait 2-7 minutes before the appearance GUI. After downloading it, select Install Linux Mint
After that, set your parameters. I set mine up like this. 
Now we wait 20-30 minutes for our LinuxMint to install. This is your time, which you can spend drinking a cup of coffee, hugging mom or telling dad a joke =) 
After the installation complete window appears. Select the cross on top and close the machine 
After that, delete in settings iso disk, so that our LinuxMint does not constantly start loading from it. 
All. Our Linux is ready! Use it and be sure to comment to raise my morale =) 
Today I wanted to write an article (installation technology) for installation operating system Linux on a virtual machine. If you found this article, then you need it too. Let's get started.
Why is this necessary?
Install operating room Linux system A virtual machine is primarily needed by those who just want to see the capabilities of a free operating system. For example, on your personal computer costs licensed Windows and demolishing it at once is not a very right decision. The best way is to install a virtual machine on your computer and install Linux on it. In another case, programmers install different operating systems to test their programs.
What do you need to download?
I chose VirtualBox as the virtual machine, and in order not to repeat myself, I advise you to read my article in the Windows section ““. There he explained in detail why he chose VirtualBox and where to download it.
I will install Linux version called “Ubuntu 16.04”. You can download it on the official website using this link.
Let's start installation
After installing VirtualBox and downloading the operating system, open the program and click on the “Create” button. In the window that opens, select “Type” Linux, and in the version select Ubuntu (64 bit). And write the name of the OS.
We create virtual hard disk:
Type hard drive select default:
We also leave the storage format as default:
After everything is done, go to the settings of the created operating system. Go to the “Display” tab and check the box next to “Enable 3D acceleration” and click OK:
We launch our created OS:
A window will open, select the OS you downloaded for installation and click OK:
A window will open. In this window, select the language “Russian”. To install Linux, click “Install Ubuntu”. If you don’t want to install, you can also click “Launch Ubuntu” and try the new operating system for yourself without any installations.
In the “Installation Type” window that opens, select “Erase disk and install Ubuntu” and click “Install Now”:
A confirmation window will open, click “Continue”:
Select a location and click “Continue”:
Select the keyboard layout:
Enter the data (name, username and password):
Waiting for Linux installation:
When Linux is installed, the virtual machine will ask you to restart your computer, click “Restart”:
Linux OS is interesting to many users, but few dare to change Windows to it. However, if you delve into the essence of how this platform works, you will see that Windows is not the only possible variant(especially considering its high cost). First you need to understand how Linux is installed on a virtual machine.
What is needed to achieve this goal?
1.
The processor must support hardware rendering
2.
Installed application VM VirtualBox from Oracle (hereinafter referred to as VB)
3.
Downloaded ISO image of the Linux operating system
Having installed a virtual machine (this is quite fast process), you can deal with the Linux OS itself.
Today you can find many variations of Linux developed on its kernel. Now we will look at the most common of them - Ubuntu OS.
1. Launch VB and click "Create".
Specify the VM name - Ubuntu, as well as OS type – Linux. You must also specify the platform version; it depends on the bit depth of the loaded OS - 32x or 64x.
2. We set the amount of RAM that should be allocated for the operation of the VM. IN in this case the operating system will function normally with a volume of 1024 MB.
3. We create new hard disk. Select the file type that is used when creating a new disk image. It is best to leave the item active VDI.
If we want the disk to be dynamic, then check the corresponding parameter. This will allow the disk space to grow as the VM fills with files.
We created a VM, but it is not currently active. To enable it, you need to launch it by clicking on the button corresponding to the name. Or you can double-click on the VM itself.
Linux installation
Installing Ubuntu is as simple as possible and does not require any special skills. After starting the VM, the installation program window will appear. It should indicate the location of the downloaded Ubuntu image.
With this image selected, we will move on to the next step. In the new window, select the interface language - Russian, so that the installation process is completely understandable.
You can get an idea of the operating system in the first case, however full installation will allow you to better immerse yourself in its environment. Let's choose "Install".
After this, the installation preparation window will appear. Let's check whether the PC parameters are consistent with the developers' requirements. If yes, let's move on to the next step.
During installation, select the option that offers to erase the disk and install Ubuntu.
During the installation process, you can set the time zone and specify the keyboard layout.
The installation procedure will take approximately 20 minutes.
After its completion, the PC will automatically restart, after which the desktop of the installed Ubuntu will launch.
Installation Linux Ubuntu completed, you can begin to get acquainted with the system.
You need to run a different operating system on your Linux PC. But should you double boot your systems or is it better to use a virtual machine? And if you choose the second option, then you need to know what virtual machine software you should use?
Virtual machines for Linux vs Dual Boot mode
Earlier, we already talked about how you can install Linux next to Windows 10 on one device. This is done very simply. But what should you do if you want to run Windows directly in Linux environment and at the same time, so that everything works smoothly and quickly? Let's figure it out. The so-called virtual machines for Linux will help us with this.
You're running Linux - perhaps Linux Mint or Ubuntu - along with Windows? Or do you have two or more Linux distributions installed on your computer? How does this all work for you? For some, this dynamic works well and quite quickly. For others, rebooting may be a problem.
Rebooting time, selecting a different OS on the GRUB bootloader screen, and then booting can be problematic. This is especially true on systems where Linux is installed next to Windows.
On slower systems or systems with many applications trying to run at booting Windows, you may have to wait 5-15 minutes before you can start working. Install an antivirus solution and you'll boot even slower. But this applies to older devices, because on new ones everything works very quickly.
However, running your second OS in a virtual machine may solve this problem. Linux virtual machines are very useful in many situations and can greatly improve productivity.
What is a virtual machine?
We've looked at virtual machines - known as VMs - a few times in the past. Simply put, these are applications that create a software environment that simulates computer equipment. The operating system can then be installed into this environment. We call this a "guest OS" and the operating system installed on your physical computer, is the “host system”.
Additionally, virtualization can be enhanced with specialized system hardware.
To put it even more clearly, virtual machines for Linux are programs on which you can run additional operating systems.
How to activate virtualization on your PC
Although the guest OS you choose can run without hardware virtualization, if the option is available, it's worth using it. Not least because it will reduce the drain on your computer's system resources.
To enable hardware virtualization, you need to reboot your computer to access the BIOS. How this is achieved will depend on your device, but it is usually done by pressing Del or F2 after rebooting your computer.
Find the screen " Additionally" in the BIOS and find one of the following:
- Virtualization
- VT-x (Intel - older systems will have VT-d)
- AMD-V (AMD systems)
The BIOS is controlled using the arrow keys. Once you have enabled virtualization, press F10 to save and exit.
Once this is done, you will have a choice of three applications with open source code VMs, which we'll look at below (VMWare is also available for Linux, but is not open source).
1. VirtualBox
Offering universal virtualization, VirtualBox can create a virtual machine running virtually any operating system (except those designed for ARM devices). It also offers software and hard virtualization by storing virtual machines as disk images. It makes it easier backup or transfer to other PCs or VM applications.
VirtualBox is especially good for running 32-bit and 64-bit Linux distributions, as well as Windows. You could even run OS X on VirtualBox, maybe test it out before setting up your PC as a Hackintosh. Find a copy for your distribution at virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads.
2. QEMU
If you want to run an ARM-based operating system (such as Android, Raspbian or RISC OS), then this is the tool command line, which you choose.
The short answer to Quick Emulator is that you can make a powerful virtual machine, QEMU is easy to set up, and some guest operating systems can even boot with QEMU built-in.
Although the unnamed name for QEMU is "Quick Emulator", it is actually a hypervisor, a tool for managing hardware virtualization. You can install QEMU with:
sudo apt-get install qemu qemu-kvm libvirt-bin
3. KVM
Short for kernel-based virtual machine, KVM is a fork of the QEMU project and works in conjunction with this tool to provide additional parameters(e.g. close speed) beyond the VM's own built-in functions.
This means that KVM offers excellent speed and stability than VirtualBox, but KVM is a little more difficult to set up. However, if you can get past the para-virtualized drivers, you'll be well on your way to understanding why KVM is a popular option for hosting virtual machines.
To use KVM, start by confirming that your hardware is suitable for hardware virtualization:
sudo apt-get install cpu-checker
If the answer is "KVM acceleration can be used", proceed to install the software:
sudo apt-get install qemu-kvm libvirt-bin virtinst bridge-utils
You will be able to run KVM through your desktop using the Virtual Machine Manager, which you will find in the desktop menu.
Which distros run best in VM?
Once you have selected the appropriate application for the virtual machine, you will need to select your guest OS option. For example, you can easily run Windows on VirtualBox, although Windows 7 is probably the safest option.
Conversely, QEMU is suitable for running distributed ARM distributions such as Raspberry Pi's Raspbian or Android.
Meanwhile, something lightweight like Lubuntu will run on any of these VM tools.
Which VM tool should I use?
In this article, we looked at the three most popular options and talked about how they work. You can choose any of these programs, especially since they are all of high quality and work quite efficiently. But still, you need to choose the most interesting, convenient and fast VM.
VirtualBox great program for start virtual system. The interface is very user-friendly, which is a huge plus for beginners. It is also worth noting excellent optimization and overall speed, which improves with each update.
If you still have questions on the topic “Virtual machines for Linux”, then write to us about it.
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Free software dedicated...
In real life, from time to time, I have to communicate with people who would like to try the Linux OS, but are afraid in some unpredictable way to affect the work that Windows is so dear to their hearts.
Then I explain to them that there is a painless way to install Linux on your computer, without in any way affecting the already installed operating system and without allocating special partitions on the disk for it. To do this you just need to install in Windows special a program called a virtual machine, and then install Linux into it.
Some of them consider this difficult, although it would seem that it would be simpler and safer. So I decided to write small instructions how all this is done.
However, before creating a virtual machine, we need to decide what operating system we will install on it. Today there are a huge number of different Linux distributions. The most popular today is Ubuntu, so I’m taking it as an example, but it doesn’t matter, you can take any other distribution available to you.
If you already have it, then good, but if not, then you need to download it. Because the Ubuntu This is a free operating system, so we just download it from the Internet. To do this, go to the website ubuntu.ru and download latest version systems. There you can download a CD or DVD image, choose depending on the speed of your Internet (I usually take a CD), and from the proposed options, choose the one with the characters “desktop-i386” in the name. It is best to download using a torrent client, but if you don’t have one and are too lazy to install, you can download from Yandex using the direct link ftp://mirror.yandex.ru/ubuntu-releases/1 1.10/ubuntu-11.10-desktop -i386.iso , but keep in mind that by the time you want to do this, the program version may already be updated and this link will not lead to the latest version, which in general is not important. The CD image size is about 700 megabytes.
So, we believe that we already have the distribution kit, let’s go directly to the virtual machine.
A virtual machine is a program within which you can create virtual platform(roughly speaking, a computer) with specified parameters and install various software on it. All the actions that you perform inside the virtual machine do not in any way affect your main operating system, except that it takes resources away from it, just like any other program.
There are quite a lot of virtual machines, like any other type of program, but I use VirtualBox, so I will give examples using this program. Why on her? Because it is free and has a simple, understandable Russian-language interface.
So, let's go to the site VirtualBox"and download the latest version of the program https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads (naturally, we are interested in the one that for Windows hosts). The size of the program is about 90 megabytes, quite a bit in modern times.
After downloading, we begin the installation, which is no different from installing other programs.
1. There is no need to change anything in the installation settings. Just click “Next” and “Install”. We also install all the services that the installation program offers. 
2. After installation is complete, launch the program. 
3. As you can see, we currently have only one “Create” button active, with which we can create one or more virtual machines. 
4. So, click the “Create” button, after which the wizard for creating a new virtual machine will start. In the window that opens, give the machine any name (I was not original and called it Ubuntu), select the operating system (Linux) and its version (Ubuntu) from the drop-down list and click “Next”. 
5. In the next window we need to select the volume random access memory, which will be allocated to the virtual machine. What volume is best to choose? If you select few, then your virtual machine will turn out to be low-power. But it is also undesirable to choose a very large volume, since the virtual machine takes memory from the real machine (don’t worry, only for the duration of its operation), so I, as a rule, choose the amount of RAM for the virtual machine that is half the real amount of RAM. If anyone doesn’t understand what we’re talking about, then just put the slider in the middle in this window. 
6. In the next window we select virtual HDD. In our case, we simply create a new one. 
7. In this window we leave everything unchanged. 
8. In this window, select a dynamic hard disk. 
9. Here we select the disk size. Decide for yourself what size to choose, I usually choose from 8 to 20 gigabytes. 
10. Let’s see what we’ve got and create a virtual disk by clicking the “Create” button. 
11. We check the parameters of our virtual machine and create it using the “Create” button. 
That's all, the machine has been created, all that remains is to install the operating system on it.
12. Let's get started. We select the virtual machine we need (in our example there is one, but in general there may be several of them) and click the “Start” button. In all cases, the installed OS will immediately begin to load, but at the first start several additional ones will open dialog boxes. 
13. Here we read carefully and click “Ok”. 
15. And here attention, as a carrier you need to select the image downloaded by us Ubuntu distribution(click on the yellow folder with a green arrow and select the image file). 
16. It should turn out like this. 
16. Read and click on “Ok”. 
17. Linux started. When we see such a window with a small keyboard and a little man at the bottom, press the “Enter” key.
18. Then we get to the installation language selection menu, where we select the language we need. As you can see, Linux has many localizations. However, in order for it to take place completely, your Internet must be working, since the corresponding packages will be downloaded from the network. I select Russian and press "Enter". 
19. Then we get to the installation menu, where we select the second item “Install Ubuntu” and press “Enter”. 
20. After this, the installation of the operating system we have chosen will begin. Linux is no more difficult to install than Windows, so I won’t describe the installation. Although if there are corresponding requests, I will make a description in the next part. Keep in mind that in the virtual machine window you can experiment without fear; in the worst case scenario, the virtual machine we created can be deleted and a new one created.
21. In conclusion, I’ll note one more important point. After installing any system, it will open in a small window. To be able to switch to full screen mode you need to install guest OS additions. To do this, go to the “Devices” menu and select “Install Guest OS Add-ons”. 
That's all. As you can see, you can join free software without any special sacrifices or risks.