No archiving. How to open a RAR file? The most detailed instructions! Ready for anniversaries

7-Zip is one of the best free archivers. The program has a high compression and extraction speed, supports setting a password for the archive and works with the following formats: 7z, XZ, BZIP2, GZIP, TAR, ZIP, WIM, can unpack ARJ, CAB, CHM, CPIO, DEB, DMG, HFS, ISO , LZH, LZMA, MSI, NSIS, RAR, RPM, UDF, WIM, XAR and Z.

WinRAR is the current Russian version (32 and 64-bit) of one of the most popular archivers for Windows, characterized by the highest degree of data compression combined with high performance and powerful functionality. WinRAR works with the vast majority of currently known data compression formats and is ideal for creating and effectively managing archives.

The main features of the program include the following:

• Data compression (creation of archives) in RAR and Zip formats;
• Decompression (data extraction) from files of such formats as: 7z, ACE, BZIP2, ARJ, JAR, TAR, LZH, GZ, CAB, UUE, etc.;
• There is the possibility of AES – archive encryption;
• Encoding the source into self-extracting, continuous and multi-volume archives;
• Adding additional information to archives created using WinRAR, which is necessary to restore archives in case of damage;

...and other functionality.

Working with WinRar is simple and convenient; after installation, the archiver is built into the context menu of Windows Explorer, thereby allowing you to create and extract data from archives in just a few clicks.

For example, to create a RAR or ZIP archive using WinRAR, you just need to select the file on your computer that you want to compress, for which you need to select the file, and by right-clicking on the selected file, select “Add to” from the menu that opens archive...", then a menu for managing archive parameters will open, where you can select the compression method and the required archive type - ZIP or RAR. If you need to create a RAR archive, then simply click “OK”, and for , you need to select the appropriate option, then also click “OK”.

Please note that WinRAR is a shareware program. Within 40 days from the moment of installation, Winrar can be used absolutely free of charge and without any restrictions. After the trial period ends, you must purchase a license or refuse to continue using WinRAR. You can also use any free archiver, for example or.

Download WinRAR for free, without registration.

WinRAR is one of the most popular archivers for Windows, characterized by the highest degree of data compression combined with high performance

Version: WinRAR 5.80

Size: 3.01 / 3.27 MB

Operating system: Windows

Russian language

Program status: Shareware

Developer: RARLab

What's new in version: List of changes

In this lesson you will learn about archiver programs, you will be able to download one of these programs and install it on your computer, and you will also learn how to archive files and retrieve them from the archive.

What is an archiver

An archiver is a special program with which you can archive files (folders with files) and retrieve them from the archive. In other words, it is a program that helps you compress files and package them for easier sending by email.

Now we will check whether such a program exists on your computer.

To do this, open any folder, for example, “Documents” or “Local Drive D”. Right click on any file or any folder inside. A menu will open. If, among other things, there is an item “Add to archive” or an item “7 Zip”, then you have an archiver program on your computer.

And if you don’t see anything similar, then most likely it doesn’t exist on your computer. But it doesn't matter. A little later we will download a free archiver and install it on your computer. But first, let's talk about what they are.

What types of archivers are there?

Like most programs, archivers can be paid or free. That is, those that can be legally and completely free of charge downloaded from the Internet and installed on your computer, and those for which you need to pay money. If, when you checked whether such a program was installed on your computer, you saw items that begin with the words “Add to archive” (or “Add to”), then a paid archiver is installed on your computer. It's called WinRaR.

And if, when checking, you found item 7 Zip, then a free archiver is installed on your computer.

WinRaR is an excellent, very convenient program, but, alas, it is paid. If it is on your computer, then there are two options: either you don’t need to pay for it and you can use it as much as you like, or after some time it will stop working. We'll check this a little later. And if it turns out that you have an “inferior” version, then it makes sense to download and install the free 7 Zip archiver.

How to archive files/folders (WinRaR)

Now let's move on to practice. Now we will learn how to compress files and folders using the WinRaR program. If you have the 7 Zip program installed on your computer, then feel free to go below - there is information for you. If you have neither one nor the other, then even lower :)

As you may have guessed, we are interested in items that begin with the words “Add to archive.”

We need the second item in this series. For me it’s called “Add to “Folder.rar” to the archive.” You will have almost the same item, only instead of “Folder.rar” the name of your file (folder) .rar will be written.

Now let's see how much the size has decreased. Right-click on the file or folder you compressed. From the list, select “Properties”.

Now right-click on the new archive file and select “Properties”.

But this doesn't always happen. For example, if you compress photos, videos or music this way, the size may remain the same or change very slightly. To compress photos, music and videos, other programs are used, not archivers.

Now let’s learn how to unarchive, that is, get information from archives.

Actually, you don't have to do this. Try just opening the archive file. Inside you will see what has been archived. And it opens completely calmly. But still it is not very convenient. Therefore, it is better to pull out information from the archive.

Close the window and right-click on this file. We are interested in two similar items - “Extract to current folder” (or “Extract Here”) and “Extract to some name" (or "Extract to some name»).

If, when you opened the archive, there was one file or one folder in the middle of the window, then click “Extract Here”. And if there were several files (folders), click “Extract to some name"(Extract to some name).

That's all. After you click on the desired item, the files or folders will be extracted and the archive can be deleted.

Now let's find out which version of the WinRaR program you have - the one that will stop working over time, or the one that will work constantly.

To do this, we need to open any archive file. When it opens, in this window, click on “Help” or “Help” (at the top) and select “About...” from the list.

A small window will appear. If it says “40 days trial copy”, then this means that your program will stop working in the near future. It makes sense to download a free archiving program (read about this below).

And if this window says “Owner of the copy” or “Registered to”, then the program will work - you don’t have to worry, you don’t have to download anything. And there is no need to read further either.

How to Zip and Unzip Files/Folders (7 Zip)

A free archiver is installed on your computer (how to determine this was discussed just above). It's called 7 Zip. And now we will learn how to use it.

First, let's learn how to archive files and folders. This is done very simply. Right-click on a file or folder with files. The following list will appear.

We are interested in item 7 Zip. Point it at him. An additional list will appear. In this list we are only interested in one item, in my example it is called “Add to “Folder.zip””.

Instead of “Folder.zip” you will have a different name, but also with the ending .zip

Click on this item. Perhaps a window like this will appear for a while. Wait for it to disappear.

Now look carefully at the files and folders. A new file should appear. It will look something like this:

This is the file or folder that you archived.

Now let's see how much the size has decreased. Right-click on the file or folder you compressed. From the list, select “Properties”.

A new window will appear. Remember the size and close it.

Now right-click on the new archive file and select “Properties”.

Most likely, its size will be smaller than the size of the original file (folder).

But this doesn't always happen. For example, if you compress photos, videos or music this way, the size may remain the same or change very slightly. To reduce it, completely different programs are used.

Now let’s learn how to unzip, that is, get files and folders.

Actually, you don't have to do this. Try just opening the archive. Inside you will see the files and folders that have been added to it. And they open quite calmly. But still it is not very convenient. Therefore, it is better to pull information from the archives. After all, at any moment you can return it back, just as we did above.

Before you extract information from an archive file, open it.

An unusual window will open. Look in the middle - it shows files or folders that are hidden in the archive. That is, if we unzip it, then these files (folders) will come out.

Close the window and right-click on this file. In the list, point to “7 Zip”. An additional list will appear. We are interested in two similar items - “Extract Here” and “Extract to some name\" (Extract to some name\).

If, when you opened the archive, there was one file or one folder in the middle of the window, then click “Extract Here”. And if there were several files (folders), then “Extract to some name\" (Extract to some name\).

That's all. After you click on the desired item, the files or folders will be retrieved and the archive can be deleted.

Let me remind you once again that the 7 Zip program is free archiver.

Download free archiver

If you don’t have an archiver on your computer, you can download and install it completely free of charge. This program is called 7 Zip. You can download it at this address:

The main keeper of Buryat history, Butit Zhalsanova was born into the large and friendly family of Zhalsanov Tsydypmunko and Tsyzhipova Tsyndyma in the small village of Aga-Khangil, Mogoituy district, Chita region. The parents, simple workers of the Pobeda collective farm, raised eight children and gave them all an excellent upbringing and brilliant education.

In 1968-1979 studied at the Aga-Khangil secondary school, upon graduation she received a certificate of merit for success in various school disciplines. All years of study she was an active social activist: the chairman of the squad council, the secretary of the Komsomol organization, she was awarded certificates of honor and commendation for excellent studies and exemplary behavior, and the badge of the Komsomol Central Committee “For active work.”

Young Butit’s favorite subject was history; she was especially fascinated by the stories of old people, and she lovingly wrote down each of them in her notebook.

I remember we endlessly played political battles, all this affected our interest in history,” says Butit Tsydypmunkuevna. - I really loved reading books and historical novels. I dreamed of entering the Moscow Institute of History and Archives, but it turned out that in our family there would be five students studying with me at the same time. Therefore, I entered the Chita Pedagogical Institute, Faculty of History. Withstood a lot of competition.

During my student years, the most expensive place was the State Archives of the Chita Region.

I studied there, my thesis was devoted to political exiles of Western Transbaikalia. I still remember this topic. The defense was very good because it was based on “living” archival materials. My candidate's and doctoral thesis were all written based on archival documents. This is a primary source for a historian, I think.

The entire history of the republic in a million documents

Today Butit Tsydypmunkuevna heads the State Archives of the Republic of Buryatia, the main function of which is to ensure the safety of documents.

We store almost a million files that are included in the archival fund of the Russian Federation. Of these, 150 thousand are funds from the revolutionary period, the rest from the Soviet and post-Soviet era.

The earliest documents begin from the late 17th century. Since 1681, these are copies of copies. And the very first authentic document with seals and wax dates back to 1714. The main part consists of the funds of local government bodies: steppe dumas, people's councils, clan councils, volost peasant councils, Tunguska foreign councils.

Today we can say that we have the richest fund on the history of the peoples of the republic, the history of the republic itself. All this was created by the work of the first archivists of Buryatia - this is primarily Vladimir Petrovich Girchenko, the grandson of the Decembrist Vladimir Bechasny. He collected materials for the archival fund on trips, sometimes on horseback, sometimes in carts, sometimes on foot. He painstakingly systematized and described all the data.

Unfortunately, at that time many valuable documents were lost, especially often during fires. Then all the buildings were wooden, so everything burned to the ground.

For example, we do not have material on the Mukhorshibirsky volost administration. Everyone is looking, but we don’t have it. Because it burned down in the 20s. There is nothing about Bichura. Everything burned down. The Bokhan Buryats are also looking for their roots, materials from their department. Not either, because it also burned down in the 19th century. For those who don’t have an archive, it’s very difficult. For example, Khorinsk Steppe Duma. Such a rich thought, huge territories, population, but the archive begins only from the mid-19th century. That’s why they burned their archive earlier and didn’t save it. Therefore, those who have preserved archives are very rich today. And our main task is to ensure their safety.

The second direction of work of the State Archive of the Republic of Belarus is the acquisition of the archival fund of the Russian Federation. There are currently 208 picking sources. These are the executive and legislative authorities, the judiciary, etc.

We control and assist in their paperwork, and participate in the formation of their affairs before entering them for eternal storage in our funds.

Third is the use of archival documents.

We fulfill a lot of requests: we confirm work experience, awards with departmental, federal, republican awards, we confirm harmful working conditions, we confirm the renaming of organizations, all these are social and legal requests. There are also thematic requests - education of institutions, villages, schools, kindergartens. We confirm the renaming of all bodies, etc. There is a lot of work for executive authorities.

The fourth direction is the provision of information services.

In our reading rooms, people are looking for their roots for genealogy, the history of a village, district or department, some are engaged in science. We get a lot of researchers every year, and we fulfill almost 10 thousand of their requests.

In addition, information is available on the State Archives website. In the electronic catalog of funds you can see inventories of cases, and guides have been created for convenience. So far, only a small fraction of documents have been digitized.

The fifth direction is the use of archival documents. These are exhibitions, lectures, publications, excursions.

Ready for anniversaries

In 2018, three significant dates are celebrated - the 100th anniversary of the archival service of Russia, the 95th anniversary of the archival service of Buryatia and the 95th anniversary of the founding of the Republic of Buryatia.

For the anniversaries, we want to popularize the personal collections of our archivists: Abram Markovich Kurtik, who worked as a photographer since the 50s, thanks to him we have many photographs of our city; Galina Stepanovna Nizhnikova, she has a lot of materials on the development of the pioneer and Komsomol movement in Buryatia. She was the main custodian of party funds; in addition, the front-line diary of her uncle Shestakov has been preserved.

In addition, for the first time, a large archival festival will be held for all connoisseurs and history buffs. Exciting events await them at the State Archive of Buryatia together with the Buryat Drama Theater, the National Museum of Buryatia, and the National Library of the Republic.

“Every time you get the feeling that this is happening in our time”

For Butit Zhalsanova, not a single day goes by without reading at least one archival document. And each of them surprises.

Every time I get the feeling that this is in our time. It is no different from what happened in the 19th century and what is happening here now. Almost everything is the same. For example, I read a lot of the records of the outstanding Barguzin taisha Sakhar Khamnaev. He writes that Buryats love to dress beautifully, they love to go to weddings, they sell their last livestock to buy beautiful clothes, he really condemns this. He says that you have to work to afford such a life. I think this is also true today. He calls this "loitering."

He who does not have an archive has no ancestors

Now many are preoccupied with searching for their roots and drawing up a family tree. Everyone is interested in who and where their ancestors were from. And a Buryat is supposed to know his family up to the 7th generation. Butit Zhalsanova says that this is not easy work.

This is painstaking work. Here you need to know everything, where his ancestors lived, what family they belonged to, what faith they belonged to. That's why many people can't handle it and give up right away. They work out a little and leave. Of course, there are people who have been with us for years. Because it captivates them, they sit, search and search. Those whose archives are well preserved will be lucky. Those who don't have it, they won't be able to find anything.

Butit Tsydypmunkuevna herself knows her family right down to its founder - Sagan, the son of Khoridoy.

For example, I belong to the Sagan family. We have an “ugai besheg” (family tree). And everything is there up to Sagan and Khoridoy. All generations, I even checked our archival documents, they coincide.

Work is my hobby

Doctor of Historical Sciences, Butit Zhalsanova, calls daily research work her hobby. Today, thanks to my favorite work, 5 volumes of the most valuable documents on the history of the Buryat steppe dumas, a publication on the Old Believers have been published, 3 volumes on the history of the Aginsk steppe duma, a collection on the history of archival affairs, a book on the history of the Transbaikal Cossacks are coming.

I always say that any fund or business is a whole story, you can study it endlessly. Archives are the only place where every day is interesting and gives new knowledge. You can work in an archive all your life. Those who come here to work stay here.